Achaemenid Persia was one of the first and greatest empires of the Fertile Crescent and beyond, as such, they would come into contact with diverse groups of people, one of which is the Jews of Judea. The Persian Empire is one of the few empires depicted in the Tanach, or Hebrew Bible, as favorable. This being so, it can still be difficult to assert who the Persians, their kings, and their land were in the eyes of the Jews. The stories and depictions of the kings and land do not always agree on the matter and differ on how much detail is given. Persians during the time they ruled Judea have few records of who the Jews were and what they did in the borders of the empire. From what is found, it is still possible to gleam whom the Jews and their land were in the eyes of the kings of Persia.
The depiction of Persia, namely that of the Achaemenid dynasty, has largely been favorable in the Tanach. They are presented in the Books of Esther, Daniel, Ezra/Nehemiah, Chronicles, and Isaiah as agents of G-d to preserve the nation of Israel. Yet despite on this commonality they differ on the details. The Book of Esther tells the story of a Jewish girl named Esther and the possibility of the genocide of the Jews. The Book of Daniel tells the story of the rise to power of the Medes and Persians against the Babylonians. The Book of Ezra/Nehemiah tells of how Cyrus the Great was benevolent and permitted the Jews to return to the Land of Israel to rebuild their destroyed temple. The Book of
Running a successful empire is not easy thing to do; Persian kings faced many problems such as advisors abusing their power and social issues. Advisors of Persian kings had a great deal of influence on the kings and were trusted with power over the empire. These attributes that came with the job of being an advisor to a Persian king created an opportunity for corrupt advisors to do as they saw fit; right or wrong. In the Book of Esther one of king Achashvairosh’s advisors Haman took advantage of his power and influence over the king to authorize the eradication of all the Jews in the empire and pillage of their property. The reason that this came about is that “All of the king’s servants in the king’s court would kneel and bow in religious worship to Haman, because the king had commanded it, but Mordechai would neither bow nor kneel.” (Five Years Later, 2)
It was founded by Arsacid I who conquered the region of Parthia. It was vastly expanded when Mithridates I seized Mesopotamia and Media from the Seleucids. It expanded from the eastern Turkey to eastern Iran. Silk Road began to flourish which made it a large trading center. It expanded westward toward the Mediterranean Ocean and reached the Kingdom of Armenia which was where the battleground for their conflict with Roman Republican took place. Seleucids and Scythians didn’t get along well with it.For the 1st half of Parthian empire’s existence, Greek culture was significant but Persian roots were held as well. A counterattack led to their downfall which was led by Mark Antony. CIvil war really weakened the Parthian Empire
From 1567 to 330 B.C. humanity experienced many subsequent development as well as decline in its civilizations. Among these events emerged three colossal empires that had shaken the world and forever changed the course of human history. The Egyptian, Assyrian, and Persian Empires have been instrumental in influencing technology, religion, and ideas throughout the world. Various factors have contributed to the success and downfall of these giants. Each of the “World Powers” have similarities as well as distinctions in its government form and organization, religion, and economy that contributed to their triumph.
There are many reasons in which the Persian empire is considered one of the greatest civilizations ever in human history and this can mostly be attributed to the stupendous leadership of the one and only Cyrus the great. One of the best kings that the world has ever seen and was the most dominant man in his era. He was brilliant and extremely powerful as he was smart and strong enough to conquer almost every single land within his area and put them all together into one persian empire. The legacy that Cyrus left behind him was one that every king after him tried to follow. For example, emperor Darius I still continued the expansion of the persian empire and reigned control over it as well. After Cyrus died there was a time in which there was nothing but trash rulers and then Darius I came into power. As I stated earlier Darius wanted to follow in the steps of Cyrus and be even greater than him so Darius builded on what Cyrus achieved and split the persian empire into multiple provinces to control the government a little easier. Another thing that made persia so successful was the fact that they tolerated non-Persian folks to live in their empire. There were many different types of people all across persia and the government did not force anything upon these non-Persian residents and let them live their lives how they had before arriving and they only had to pay taxes. Due to this the
The Persian Empire is considered one of the most successful empires at its time. What made the Persian Empire so unique and successful, was because of how sophisticated there government was. Like other empires the Persian Empire had a religion. This made the people of Persia freely think about their ruler and help the empire out in any way. The Persian empire compared to preceding empires, (such as the Assyrian Empire etc) were relatively less oppressive and abusive to their people. This prevented the empire from collapsing that easily. Which is one reason why they advanced their rule for another 200 years (1,429 years in Dynasty rule (1979)).
The Roman empire and the Persian empire were both world powers for a reason. Both empires used very similar and different strategies to achieve all the power they accumulated over time. They both had very different views on everything from religion to human rights. Both empires both grew around the general same area, the Mediterranean Sea. They both used massive military force when conquering other empires and lands.
Jewish history and its overall themes are expressed through The Book of Esther, which is in The Holy Bible. This sacred text takes place in 486 BC, when King Xerxes I ruled Persia. This story is an historical interpretation of the life of Queen Esther along with the lives of the Jewish people. Even though The Book of Esther is only ten chapters, it contains many rich themes. Also, the characters exercise many different traits such as: fortitude, empathy, and divine providence. The Book of Esther explores many themes, such as faith, manipulation, and courage in order to show the Jews, who are living in exile, that it is possible to gain success in the country of one’s exile without showing one’s true identity.
The day Cyrus the Great established the Persian empire in the year 550 B.C.E, soon became a place where Greece and Rome were to be influenced by in certain circumstances. A civilization enriched of local customs and advanced iron technology, the Persians had developed an early monotheistic religion- Zoroastrianism. Conquered by a Greek educator, Alexander the Great, the Sassanid empire was brought up during Rome's imperial centuries. In 1700 B.C.E, the Greeks (who are Indo-Europeans) took over the Greek peninsula. From then on, the increase of civilization began to grow during 800- 600 B.C.E all due to strong city-states; turning out to be very advantageous to the Greeks because each had their own government and their geography didn't quite
Who/What: The Persian war was a war between Persia and Greece That was led by King Darius I
Throughout history many civilizations have risen and fallen without so much of a second thought from historians. However there have been civilizations that climbed to the top of the metaphorical food chain and stayed there and influenced not only their region but the world for countless millennium even after they were no longer a functioning empire. Two such empires were the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire. The first factor to consider when thinking of successful empires would be geographical location. The second factor would have to be the leadership, and the third would have to be the method in which the empire expands. All of these factors are what makes a small civilization with great potential a formidable empire that lasts longer than a lifetime.
The foundations of an ancient empire are shaped by many characteristics originating in a civilization’s social, philosophical, and theological values. Collectively these will bring about an empire that has aspects which will classify them in distinctive ways. The aspects that will be compared between Persia and Rome are the motives for expansion, methods of expansion, the administration, the impact on those conquered and the original empire, and the reasons for the decline of each empire. When combined, these aspects predispose the individual overall shape of ancient Rome and Persia. Both empires began with conquering larger rulers and creating vast empires which had never been seen
The city later fell under Persian rule. Under the Persians, it was the capital city of the satrapy of Caria, the region that had since long constituted its hinterland and of which it was the principal port. Its strategic location ensured that the city enjoyed considerable autonomy. Archaeological evidence from the period such as the recently discovered Salmakis (Kaplankalesi) Inscription, now in Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology, attest to the particular pride its inhabitants had
1)The Persian Empire expanded by conquering the territories of neighboring states and making them part of the Persian Empire. Once these territories were conquered, the Persians appointed many former governors from the defeated regime into positions of authority in the new province or satrapi. As a condition of surrender, the army of the defeated state was incorporated into the overall Persian army, resulting in a Persian army that became larger and larger every time a country was defeated. While Persia was certainly a dictatorship, non-Persians in the empire were allowed a degree of religious and cultural tolerance that many modern countries have not even acceded.
In reality, it is difficult to tie any of the stories in “Esther” to actual historical events. The Persian Empire, for one, did not consist of 127 provinces; rather, it only had 20. There are no records of any Persian king giving the order to kill off all of the Jewish population, nor of any Persian king giving the order that the Jews could defend themselves. The sheer number of Persians killed in the “Esther”, 75,000, is unlikely because there are no historical records of any slaughter that size (Harris 243). On the other hand, scholars believe that the king portrayed in “Esther” is Xerxes I, so it is possible that at least some of the information involved is based on truth (Harris 242). The knowledge that the author portrays of Persian court and customs also lends to the belief that some of the information is true (Harris 243). It is also possible that a Persian king had a woman of Jewish descent in his “large harem”, but it is unlikely that such a woman would have been his first wife (Harris 243). Scholars suggest that “Esther” is, instead of a work of history, a work of historical fiction due to the balance of historical fact and authorial flair (Leith
The Persian Empire was one of the most powerful ancient civilizations known to man. It could have been found just east of the Fertile Crescent in what is now called Iran. The Empire was part of a large series of dynasties that were based in Iran. The first of which was the Achaemenid Empire which was ruled by Cyrus the Great in the year 550 B.C. This was one of the biggest empires in history, covering over three million miles. Years after Cyrus’s reign ended a man by the name of Darius took power. Darius and his sons ruled Persia from 522 B.C until 334 B.C. This Empire controlled much of the world up until it, and most civilizations, were conquered by Alexander the Great. This empire was in the same time period as the Greeks, and before the Roman Empire. Though the Persian Empire was powerful they were defeated in many battles over Peloponnesus and eventually conquered. Though the Persian Empire is usually overlooked by Greek and Roman history, this civilization thrived in the middle eastern part of the world and showed greatness in all four characteristics of civilization. They had astounding art, powerful government, intellectual science, and intricate religion.