The Energy Interplay System Within The 20 Metre Beep Test

Brooks GA, Fahey TD, Baldwin KM (2005). Exercise Physiology: Human Bioenergetics and Its Application. 4th Edition

At the begging of this system it reacts quite slowly, however after certain duration of time it produces a large amount of ATP ready for the Cycle of the 3 energy systems to endure. The aerobic system does not contribute greatly to a game of touch football as the activity does not last up to duration of 5 minutes. In relation to my performance in a game of touch football, I have found that my energy systems are coping rather well, as I am able to continuously carry out fast wrucks most of the time, therefore producing the right amount of ATP in my body.

In this task I will be examining how the different body systems use energy and why the body needs energy. I will also be analysing cellular respiration which is the process in which energy is made, along with the by-products and anabolism and catabolism. Later on in this task I will be analysing how ATP is used in muscle action, protein production and how we as mammals use the energy released as heat.

P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body.

A game of touch requires the use of all energy systems at once but in varied amounts. The body will automatically choose which energy system it requires the most based on the fitness components used. It has been identified above that the three main components used by a middle are; Aerobic capacity, muscular endurance and coordination. In figure 12.5 it shows the relationship between components of fitness and energy systems. Both aerobic capacity and muscular endurance relate to the Aerobic system. The aerobic system uses oxygen and is generally one of low-mid intensity and/or of a longer duration. Middles utilise this energy system because they continuously require energy production at an almost equal rate.

Your body requires energy in order to be able to perform tasks. Energy comes in many different forms. They are chemical, light, sound, heat and mechanical. You can get energy from different food substances i.e. glucose, fatty acids, sugars and amino acids. To be able to get the energy from these food substances energy needs to be released with oxygen. This is known as aerobic respiration. The role that energy plays in our body is the process of moving molecules in and out of our cells while breaking down the larger molecules and building new molecules. The cardiovascular system transports oxygenated blood around the body and to the cells. It will then collect the deoxygenated blood which is ready for the excretion from the cells. The cardiovascular system will deliver the nutrients oxygen and glucose via the blood stream. Oxygen is need for aerobic respiration to occur. The cardiovascular system will pump oxygen and nutrients carrying blood throughout the body. The glucose molecules that are carried by the blood are transported into the cells. Along with the oxygen that is diffused into the cells they are used in respiration to produce ATP. The respiratory system is responsible for bringing in oxygen as well as using it to burn the nutrients that we need for energy. The respiratory system contains alveoli which allow the diffusion of oxygen into the blood stream

Introduction: Cellular respiration and fermentation are used in cells to generate ATP. All cells in a living organism require energy or ATP to perform cellular tasks (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg. 162). Since energy can not be created (The first law of thermodynamics) just transformed, the cell must get its energy from an outside source (Urry, Lisa A., et al. , pg.162). “Totality of an organism’s chemical reactions is called metabolism” (Urry, Lisa A., et al., pg. 142). Cells get this energy through metabolic pathways, or metabolism. As it says in Campbell biology, “Metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules are called catabolic pathways” (Urry, Lisa A., et al. pg.

One of the most significant reactions in Glycolysis is reaction one which involves the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose-6-phosphate. Through the transfer of the hydrolysis of ATP, this supplies energy for the reaction and makes it essentially irreversible, having a negative free energy change, which allows for a spontaneous reaction in cells. Although the preparatory phase is energy consuming and uses up 2 ATP, the pay off phase synthesizes 4 molecules of ATP, with the transfer of 4e- via 2 hydride ions to 2 molecules of NAD+. Therefore, a net gain of 2 ATP is achieved through the glycolytic pathway alone. Following the glycolytic pathway, due to the absence of oxygen, as oxygen cannot be supplied fast enough to undergo aerobic respiration, the athlete will instead, undergo lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation involves pyruvate that is formed from the glycolytic pathway to be reduced to lactate, with the aid of the enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, while the coenzyme Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH) is oxidised to NAD+. The product NAD+ then re-enters the glycolytic pathway in order to produce 2 ATP. This process of lactic acid fermentation produces 2 ATP for each cycle, and thus, rapidly supplies the body with a small amount of energy. However, with the buildup of lactic acid in the body, the athlete will eventually encounter the feeling of discomfort as this accumulation of lactate causes the body to

Using the lab activity, observe and record the physiologic changes that occur during exercising using the following chart:

Our body produces energy called ATP. ATP is the renewable energy source for our cells that consists of 3 phosphates, a sugar and an adenine ring. ATP can be produced in two ways, through aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration occurs when there is oxygen, and anaerobic occurs when oxygen is not available. Also there are normally 3 phases in respiration, glycolysis, krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. During glycolysis the glucose splits into two

The effects of heart rate on differing durations of exercise were studied in this experiment. For people, heart rate tends to increase as they perform physical exercises. The amount of beats per minute gradually increases as people perform physical activities. Heart rates taken before exercise are relatively low, and heart rates taken one minute after exercise increase significantly. Heart rates slowly begin to decrease after they are taken two minutes and three minutes after performing the step test, which is to be expected. The rates of intensity throughout exercise relates with changes in heart rate throughout the step test performed in the experiment (Karvonen 2012). The age of the participants affected the experiment, since the heart rate during physical exercise, in this case the step test, is affected by age (Tulppo 1998).

ATP is used in all three systems, phosphagen, anaerobic, and aerobic as the primary energy source. How ATP is processed, used and renewed will depend on the speed, intensity and duration in contractions of our muscles.

The ATP/PC system, which lasts up to 10 seconds, is the body’s initial source of fuel and is reliant on its stores of ATP and CP and provides the required burst of energy without the presence of oxygen for high intensity purposes. This burst of energy is due to separating of the chemical bonds between the Phosphate and Creatine which releases additional energy that helps produce more ATP so that we have it upon requirement for only a short period of time. This system is the most dominant system because this system is

All living organisms need the energy to perform the basic life functions. Cells use a process called cellular respiration to obtain the energy needed. In cellular respiration, cells convert energy molecules like starch or glucose into a cellular energy called Adenosine triphosphate(ATP). There are two types of cellular respiration which include: Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, cells will break down glucose to release a maximum amount of ATP this takes place in the presence of oxygen. Aerobic also produces carbon dioxide and water as waste products and it takes place in the mitochondria. on the other hand, anaerobic respiration, a metabolic process, also produces energy and uses glucose, but it releases less energy and does not require the

The effects of exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate and electrical activity of the heart were assessed. The measurements of respiration rate, pulse rate and blood pressures were noted as described in Harris-Haller (2016). Data was first taken from subjects in a relaxed position and then followed by sets of reading after exercising based on one minute intervals. The data also noted sitting ECG traces from Harris-Haller (2016). The respiratory rate, pulse, blood pressure, P wave, QRS complex and T wave were defined for each subject. The class average was calculated for males and females and graphed to illustrate the results by gender for each cardiopulmonary factor.