preview

The Enlightenment Thinkers

Good Essays

The Enlightenment was the philosophical phenomenon of the eighteen century, which in spite of its declaration of independence from the thinking of the past, it comprised a great group of talented thinkers who indeed recognized the great debt owed to all their intellectual predecessors, such as Newton, Bacon, and John Locke, just to mention a few. The essence of its classic concerns were the dangers of arbitrary and unchecked authority, the value of religious toleration, and the overriding relevance of law, reason, and human dignity in all social affairs in their modern society. The Enlightenment writings shared several basic characteristics that are marked by a confidence in the power of human reasoning as an intrinsic self-assurance stemmed …show more content…

They confronted their culture, exposing old worn-out practices, beliefs, and authority with just the light of reason. This often meant the criticism and satire of public figures and decadent practices, which also combined an irreverence for custom and tradition with a belief in human improvement and progress. Their ideas rested on a confidence in human’s ability to understand the world and on man’s innate interest in nature, culture, environment, history, his own character as an individual, and his place in society. The Enlightenment reforms had also immediate political implications, since very shortly it changed the premises of government and society far beyond the Atlantic world as well as through time. The repercussions of the ideas of this movement set the bases for many social upheavals that proceeded less than a century later, although its spread and dispersion might have reached perhaps even as far as modern …show more content…

His attack on Judaism seemed just a tool to strike at Christianity. Some historians believe that whatever anti-semitism Voltaire may have felt derived from negative personal experience. He was relentlessly anti-Biblical but not anti-Semitic. His remarks on the Jews and their superstitions were essentially no different from his remarks on Christians or Muslims to the effect. Voltaire did not limit his attack to aspects of Judaism that Christianity used as a foundation, repeatedly making it clear that he despised Jews in general. Some authors link Voltaire's anti-Judaism to his polygenism. Such anti-Judaism had a relative importance in Voltaire's philosophy of

Get Access