The Epidemic Of Ebola Virus

In 2014 the United States was hit with a force far more deadly and dangerous than many threats received. The ebola virus took the world by storm after it was carried to the United States and spread by people who had visited West Africa. This virus was all the more deadly as it often took hours for any symptoms to occur. In this time the Center for Disease Control spent much time and many resources looking for answers to the many questions they had. Under the time constraint and scrutinizing public, they had to determine what ebola was, what it did and its effects on the general public.

Ebola is described by the author in deep detail telling the progression of which it goes through. It starts with a headache and backache and ends with all of your internal organs failing “bleeding out” like Charles Monet. There are four filoviruses: Ebola virus (EBOV), Sudan virus (SUDV), Marburg virus (MARV), and Ravn virus (RAVV). They are all Level 4 biohazard, which means they are extremely dangerous to humans especially because they are so infectious, have a high death rate, and there are no medicines, treatments, or cures.

Ebola was first recognized in 1976 as the cause of outbreaks of disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as Zaire) and in Sudan. About three hundred people in each of the two nations were infected with the virus, resulting in a mortality rate of 88% in Zaire, and 53% in Sudan (Bulletin of the WHO 1978). The disease as it was discovered spread through direct contact of unmans to humans, and then thought, from non-human primates to humans. The epidemic was a result of unsafe and unsanitary hospital practices, and non-sterilized medical equipment. The disease was then contained, however sporadic outbreaks of the Zaire and Sudan Ebola subtypes have risen in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Uganda, and Sudan; one of the latest outbreaks was in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in September of 2007.

As with any infectious disease, whether it originates from a virus, bacterium, or fungi, there is the possibility that it will become an epidemic. For centuries, deadly diseases have threatened to infect and possibly eradicate mankind. The Ebola virus, which causes an extremely fatal hemorrhagic fever, is considered to be one of the most aggressive contagions in the world. The Ebola virus is a member of a family of RNA viruses known as, “Filoviridae” and is composed of multiple distinct subspecies (Bausch et al. 2007). It causes Ebola Virus Disease, a fairly new disease that plagues multiple poor countries within Africa. The virus mainly attacks the lymphatic system, but also severely damages the reproductive and reticuloendothelial systems. The Ebola virus disease causes muscle pain, weakness, limited kidney and liver function and extreme blood loss due to failure of blood clotting.

This Ebola outbreak taught us many factors of public health that we simply ignore daily, like washing hands. These viruses are easily transmitted from person to person, through their blood or body-fluids. Therefore it is very important to research about our public health around us, for everyone’s health and future. The Ebola outbreak showed how the world is very ignorant of their public health. It is better for them to know all of these tragedies and educate themselve to prevent from any other outbreaks that will take place in the future. The plan to release more information and persuade to adjust West African culture will definitely make public healthier, view the world differently, and our future generations will learn the importance of learning

got sick and died. This outbreak infected 318 with a death rate of 93% (Le

Ebola is a problem in our society today. It is a disease brought by unclean individuals.

Disease has become the most common threat to mankind in the past 20 years, with scientists believing that with the world becoming more familiar with both unnatural and natural disasters that disease will only rise. (Jasparro.C, Johnson-Freese.J, 2014) (WHO, 2014). It can be categorized into two main species; bacterial infections and viral fevers. The two genera pose as the largest risks to humanity due to both having the ability to be contracted through various types of transmission and cannot be treated without serious and specified medical aid. (Messenger, Ali. M, Barnes, Amber. N, Gray, Gregory C, 2014). This review will discuss a number of studies specifically in the genetic composition of both diseases and how each attacks the body, the approaches involved in what makes Ebola not only diverse from bacterial infections, though other types of diseases in general, and will briefly discuss what the similarities between bacterial infections and viral fevers are.

The spread of Zika to places that has never seen it before is due to multiple influential factors such as global warming, an increase in international trade, travel, urbanization and industrialization. Within countries, biological ecological factors such as precipitation, vegetation, temperatures and population density could define the variability for the suitable conditions for Ae. Aegypti. To quote Lieberman: “A disease survival depends on how many hosts are available in a population for it to infect, the disease’s ability to spread from one host to another, and the rate at which its hosts survive the infection”. When observing table 3 some questions we should ask ourselves are: What’s the difference between these countries? How does their social, political, environmental, and economic factors differ between them? What types of communities are been more affected? How these

The last Ebola outbreak was merely a year ago. This tragedy is fresh; I remember watching the news in fear that Ebola would come to America…until it did. First in Texas then again when two American doctors were flown from Africa to Emory. The idea of Ebola being in my back yard was absolutely terrifying! I couldn’t stop imagining what I’m going to do when I’m a medical student and a biohazard level four patient is in the same hospital as me.

Every time you turn on the news or pick up a newspaper, there is something being reported about the spread of Ebola. The Ebola outbreaks occurring in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia are growing larger and larger. This is the largest outbreak with more cases and deaths since Ebola was first discovered nearly four decades ago. United States doctors and missionaries have traveled to these countries to help treat infected people. However, there have now been cases where U.S. citizens have contracted the disease and have been brought back to the United States to be treated. This has caused raised concerns about the disease spreading in the U.S. as well. The physical, cultural, economic, political and religious geography of Africa have all played

The Ebola outbreak that started in Guinea in March 2014 and that spread to Sierra Leone and Liberia later, is not the first Ebola outbreak in human history. In fact, 25 Ebola outbreaks were recorded since the virus was first discovered in 1976. But this year’s outbreak has been the severest one because of its widely geographic spread[ http://time.com/47018/ebola-breaks-out-in-west-africa/] and the lack of health infrastructure in those three countries hardest hit. Although in February, the United States and 28 other countries announced the Global Health Security Agenda, one of whose goals was to prevent and reduce the likelihood of outbreaks, the US response in the early months was not enough given the size of the disaster.[ http://ic.galegroup.com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/ic/ovic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=OVIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&display-query=&mode=view&displayGroupName=News&limiter=&u=psucic&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=OVIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CA382718305]

Discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River, Ebola’s first two outbreaks in Sudan and Zaire killed the majority, over half, of the people infected with the disease. Although the natural host reservoir of Ebola has yet to be found, the virus is believed to be animal-borne. A person gets Ebola from a wild animal and then is spread throughout the human population through person-to-person transmission. Healthcare workers providing aide for Ebola victims know that they have a high possibility of contracting the disease because they are exposed to infected blood and body fluids. It could take from two to twenty-one days for the Ebola Virus to show symptoms in humans, and

The recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa has so far left over 1,350 dead, making it the deadliest Ebola epidemic thus far. The virus is spread on contact with infected animals and humans, and carries anywhere from a 50 to 90 percent mortality rate. The death rate of the recent

Marburg hemorrhagic fever (Marburg HF) is a rare, critical pyrexia which affects both non-human and human primates. Marburg HF results from the Marburg virus, a distinct animal-borne RNA virus apart of the filovirus virus. The only other known member of the filovirus family is Ebola. The virus was first identified in 1976 when there was an outbreak of the hemorrhagic fever in the labs of Marburg, Frankfurt, Germany, and Belgrade, Serbia (WHO). Throughout the lab, thirty one became infected, beginning with the laboratory workers, then followed by other medical personnel and family members who tried to take care of them. Out of the thirty one people who were ill, seven deaths were reported (CDC).