The Epidemic Of West Nile

West Nile Virus has emerged in recent years throughout the temporate zones of Europe and North America. Causing a variety of conditions in its hosts, the most serious manifestation of WN virus infection is fatal encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in humans and horses, and many birds.

Individuals with mild symptoms of West Nile Virus make up about twenty percent of the populations of infected humans. This form of the disease is known as West Nile Fever. The symptoms of West Nile Fever include: fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, vomiting, swollen lymph glands, and a skin rash appearing on the back, chest or stomach. A headache and high fever are the most common indicators for a West Nile Virus infection. These mild symptoms can last anywhere from a few days to several weeks. (California Government, 2005).

The incidence is highest in late summer and early autumn, until the first hard frost does away with the mosquito population for that year. Birds and other animals (such as horses) are the usual reservoir for the infection, and they are involved in its dissemination. Initial viral symptoms may give way to high fever and neck stiffness (meningeal signs). However, as with most forms of encephalitis, it is the confusion and depressed levels of consciousness (stupor) that mark the infection as being of the brain (encephalitis) and not just the meninges. West Nile Virus is an acute central nervous disease (McCance & Huether, 2014).

Birds are the main start of the Virus. They pass it on the the mosquitoes, so the birds are not directly giving the virus to anyone but the mosquitoes (Indiana). The most common way to get The West Nile virus is by mosquitoes. They will bite the skin and the bite can either become infected or the mosquito could have the virus before it bit the person, causing them to be infected no matter what. It cannot be transmitted from person to person or animal to animal, or by handling and working with infected birds. Although it can be transmitted by blood transfusions, or by mother to baby during pregnancy, the virus may not get passed on without the bite of a mosquito

The Iowa Department of Public Health has confirmed a rare case of disease caused by the Jamestown Canyon virus. In addition, there are two cases has been reported to the Iowa’s Health Department about West Nile Virus, which is also an illness spread by mosquitoes, along with Jamestown Canyon virus. According to the author, people who are infected by these two viruses will experience: “fever, headache, and flulike illness.” Luckily, however, “the patients who had Jamestown Canyon virus and West Nile virus are slowly recovering.”

Lower return crops such as corn, wheat, cotton and rice will bear the brunt of this whereas the higher return crops such as nuts, citrus and vine crops will be least affected (Kowalski, 2015).

The main point of the press release is to notify the public that the West Nile Virus has surfaced and is active. One of the sub-points is to inform the public of the current case and the number of cases over the years of people who have been infected with the West Nile Virus. Another sub-point is to give the description and signs of the West Nile Virus. Another sub-point is to notify the public where the West Nile Virus is coming from. Another sub-point what is causing the mosquitoes to breed and how to prevent the breeding of the mosquitoes to notify the public that there are two types of West Nile Virus. The West Nile encephalitis and the West Nile poliomyelitis are the two viruses the press release also notified the public of the signs and symptoms of the west Nile virus. What to do and who to contact once bitten the press release gives a statistic of number of cases from 2002 to 2011 (2012). The press release also notifies the public who is at the highest risk to becoming ill with this type of virus. The press release also gives other website to seek out more information regarding the West Nile Virus.

The Symptoms of West Nile virus: West Nile virus, which is transmitted by infected mosquitoes, can produce flu-like symptoms including fever, headache, body aches, and skin rash (MedicineNet.com, 2015). While most infected individuals have mild disease and recover spontaneously, infection can be serious or even fatal. There is no specific treatment for West Nile virus (MEdicineNet.com, 2015). The Symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever: Initial symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, severe headache, muscle pain, and lack of appetite. The characteristic red, spotted rash of Rocky Mountain spotted fever is usually not seen until the sixth day or later after symptoms begin. As many as 10% to 15 % of patients may never develop a rash (Traveldoctor.com, 2015). Rocky Mountain spotted fever is treated with antibiotics. Signs of infection: It is normal for a bite or sting to result in redness of the affected area and minor swelling, but if a bite or sting becomes infected, a fever may develop or the redness or soreness may worsen. In cases of infection, an antibiotic is the typical treatment (Traveldoctor.com,

Case Description- A 3 month-old Boer cross buck kid was confirmed to have died from an infection of Eastern Equine Encephalitis in a rural county of North Florida. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis and Rabies were included in the list of deferential diagnoses as possible causes of neurologic symptoms that could occur in adolescent caprine.1,5 PCR analysis of fresh brain tissue preformed at Department of Health in Tampa, Florida (via the Bronson Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory in Kissimmee, Florida) showed positive for Eastern Equine Encephalitis, then positive by virus isolation. The sample was negative for West Nile Virus, and the fluorescent antibody test for Rabies was negative.

“A horse doesn’t care how much you know, until he knows how much you care.”, said Pat Parelli. “You took care of your horse, so your horse took care of you.”, Said Elton Gallegly. I feel horse care is very important to sustain a happy, and healthy horse. If not cared for correctly, they may become very sick. Anthrax, West Nile Virus, Rabies, or Lyme Disease, are only some of the diseases that can occur. If not cared for, they may affect you as well as your daily life. Anthrax is caused by bacteria in the food, water, or soil, that the horse is around. This disease may cause death to your horse. This is why it is very important to change your horses food and water daily, as well as mucking out the stall, if you have one. West Nile Virus is caused by a mosquito bite, or by a bird. This may cause weakness, trouble in walking, muscle spasms, or death. Rabies is caused by a bite from an infected animal, or contact with infected saliva, from something that was already infected. Rabies may cause depression, agitation, aggressiveness, and your horse may slowly develop paralysis, or death. Lyme Disease is caused by ticks, and can cause arthritis, lameness, neurologic disease, eye disease, dermatitis, or death. To prevent these diseases from happening, you must

What is West Nile Fever? West Nile fever also known as West Nile virus is a mosquito borne disease transferred from mosquito to person. Encephalitis is a disease that West nile virus can cause. What encephalitis does is it causes inflammation of the brain which in some cases can be fatal. The west Nile virus wasn’t discovered until 1937 in Africa. The disease didn’t make its way into the United States until 1999. The Virus is most common during the summer months (July- September) which is when mosquitos the carrier of the disease are most active. But in some states it is at risk all year round. Most people who are bitten and infected even receive the virus.

Most, however, survive but complain that it takes awhile to recover completely, about 30 days. Those whose infection spreads to the brain can suffer severe symptoms, like tremors, personality change, and paralysis up to 60 days after the infection is gone from their brain. Why, just today I heard that there had been almost 2500 cases of West Nile fever in Colorado, and that at least 50 of them had ended in death.[1] That might not seem like a lot, but then they listed another statistic that out of all the people infected, only 20% show symptoms. So the infection is more widespread than we know. Luckily, out of that 20%, only 1% will develop acute fever, with the possibility of death.[2] And they say that it only has the possibility to be dangerous to people over the age of fifty,[3] which really gets Mrs. Haskins worried.

The virus began its insidious spread through the country’s various populations and communities. The virus systematically spread through the entire Nigerian social fabric, affecting men and women across all social strata. Nigeria is located in West Africa with a population of more than 170 million people (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). It is diverse country with more than 374 ethnic groups, 500 indigenous languages, and various religions (National Population Commission (NPC), 2009). When the Nigerian public was informed about the presence of this virus in their country, they were doubtful and astonished. AIDS was perceived to be a American disease. Adolescents were very sceptical about the virus in their environment. They interpreted it

Some of the viruses that cause encephalitis are arboviruses, cytomegalovirus, poliovirus, herpes zoster, and herpes simplex type 1. West Nile virus has been a big

The global geographic distribution of arboviruses has received considerable attentions from public health organizations after their rapid emergence in several parts of the world [1,2]. Bluetongue virus (BTV) is one of arboviral disease transmitted to ruminants [3]. BTV is caused by bluetongue virus, a member of the genus Orivirus in the family Reoviridae. The disease is non-contagious vector-borne disease which is transmitted between ruminants by the bites of biting midges of the genus Culicoides [4].