The Epidemiology Triangle and Its Fundamentals in Examining Teenage Pregnancy

Teen pregnancy falls into the category of pregnancies in girls age 19 or younger (NIH). Although statistics have shown a decrease, the number of teen pregnancy in the U.S. is still relatively high compared to the rest of the world. Sexual health is one of the top priorities in early adolescence health in the United States. Consequences of having sex at a young age generally results in unsafe sex practices. The consequences can be due to the lack of knowledge about sex education, and access to birth control/contraception (NIH, 2005). Due to the lack of knowledge and access to birth control, adolescents involve in risk taking when they start to explore sexual intimate relationships.

Teen pregnancy is known as a product of social pathology: parental neglect, emotional deprivation, insecurity, poverty, ignorance, violence. Pregnancy and motherhood in adolescence have a high pejorative, both for the same young to your child if the pregnancy goes to term. The difficulties are numerous, short and long term: the teenager is fragile and becomes more fragile even at pregnancy; medical, school, family and professional prognosis is sober, like the future of the child and the mother-child relationship; They followed pregnancies too early and are a high risk factor and the young mother is unlikely to reach a stable form one day, or even get to obtain a social status of family autonomy.

Teen pregnancy has become a problem over the past decade. This issue can be looked at using sociological imagination. C. Write Mills explaing the idea of sociological imagination as the ability to see the connection between personal experiences and larger society. On a personal level, teens with children experience many difficulties juggling the responsibilities of parenting, school, work, and everything else. The teenage years can be very complicated, but adding a child to the mix can really impact young men and women’s relationships, emotions, and future. Looking at this problem on a public level, society has a huge role in preventing teen pregnancies. Also, the media plays a large role in influencing teenagers to engage in sexual activities.Many

Evaluation: I choose this article because it goes into details to describe why it’s unhealthy for teenage girls to start having kids when they are still teens. It shows what happen when young adults are not properly educated about sex. Therefore, teenage pregnancy is more common in less developed countries because they are not teaching kids how to properly protect themselves during sex. It tells us why it’s unhealthy for teenage girls to be having unprotected sex. And, also it shows us why teenagers are at a much have the rate of not serving labor than adults women are. I plan on using this article in my writing to inform my reader why it’s unhealthy for adolescents to be pregnant at such a young

This positive trend is evidence that some of the outreach efforts to which we've committed ourselves as a public health community are working. However, these improvements should not undermine the still considerable task before this same community. Specifically, we have a responsibility to hone our efforts at identifying, understanding and reaching the populations that are most vulnerable as well as helping to reduce the adverse consequences that accompany this vulnerability. The purpose of the present epidemiology is to further the collective understanding of teen pregnancy as a current public health issue.

Teenage birth rates, defined as live births per one thousand 15-19-year-old US females, declined by 10% from 2012 to 2013 from 29.4 to 26.5. In fact, the birth rate has been on a steady decline over the past 20 years, from 61.8 in 1991 to 26.5 in 2013. Teenage pregnancy represents both a health and social inequality in our society. Specifically, teenage childbearing is a public health issue because teenage mothers are more likely to experience negative social outcomes such as dropping out of school. This is a self-reinforcing cycle, as children of teenage mothers face higher chances of poor academic achievement as well as getting pregnant or getting someone else pregnant in their teenage years (CDC). Although the overall rates of teenage pregnancy have dropped, ultimately, the variations in the rates reflect the intersecting disparities regarding race and ethnicity, income inequality, geography, and environmental factors, which in turn affect access to medical care, education, and resources.

An ongoing epidemic in the United Sates is teen pregnancy. In America, our society is run down by many problems. Most are caused by the older generation, but this problem has risen with the younger generation around the age of 15-19. The peak of the teen pregnancy trend started in 1990 when 60 teen girls out of 1,000 had a teen birth ("About Teen Pregnancy.”). For every 1,000 females in 2013, on average only 27 out of the 1,000 had gone through teen birth ("About Teen Pregnancy.”). Over the years, it seems that the trend is winding down and that less and less teens appear to becoming pregnant. In 2013, the teen pregnancy rate decreased by 10% since 2012 and 57% 1990 ("Teen Birth Rate | The National Campaign.”).

Many issues are at the forefront of public health, but prevention is still the topic most discussed by health professionals. This will always be the way to break the cycle of diseases and many other health-related problems. Using the epidemiology triangle and the basics of epidemiology teenage pregnancy will be examined. This issue is still the number one preventable problem in the United States because it is not a disease, it does not “accidentally” transmit to one person to the other, and it will continue to cause problems for the young parents.

In the 1950s, the frequency of teenage births in the United States was already high, and since that, time has decreased, although the number of births outside marriage has increased. Thus, in 1990 the rate was 61.8 births, pregnancy rate - 116.9 per 1,000. The incidence of teenage pregnancy has decreased significantly in the 1990s. This decline is observed in all racial groups, but Teenagers, African Americans and Hispanic teens remain higher frequency compared with Americans of European and Asian origin. Guttmacher Institute, about 25% of this decline carried her share of sexual abstinence and 75% - on the effective use of contraceptives. However, in 2006 the first time in 14 years, the incidence of teenage births has increased. This would imply that the incidence rates of teenage pregnancy are also on the rise, but marked by the rise could be linked to other sources: for example, reducing the number of abortions or a decrease in the number of abortions.

Health disparities are as a result of the differences in SDH and efforts at addressing this determinant at all levels will help in bridging this disparity gap ( Kotch, 2013). Worldwide, teen birth rates vary among and within countries; high teen birth rates are seen in developing countries, with countries in West and Central Africa topping this list (UNFPA, 2013). Among the industrialised nations, Switzerland has the lowest teen pregnancy rate while the United States has one of the highest rates (Guttmacher Institute, 2015). Also, a significant racial disparity in teen birth rates exists in the United States even though there has been a consistent decrease in these rates in the last ten years, with the most recent

Imagine waking up every hour, feeding and changing a baby of your own. Getting about four hours of sleep each night. In 2015 a total of 229,715 teenage girls had to go through this, because they took the risk of being sexually active at a very young age. The birth rate is 22.3 births per 1,000 women between the ages 15-19 years old (17Ce). Birth rates in teens have dropped increasingly from the year 1991 to now, but that still hasn’t stop these young girls from becoming teen moms. Many teen births differ by age, racial and ethnic groups, and region of the country. In 2014 73 percent of all teen births occurred to 18-19 year olds. Birth rates are higher among Latina and African American adolescents. In 2014, Latina adolescent female’s ages 15-19 years old had the highest birth rates. There was 38 births per 1,000 adolescent females. African American adolescent females had the second highest birth rates in 2014, with 34.9 births per 1,000 adolescent females. White adolescent had 17.3 births per 1,000 adolescent females (HHS).

According to Clemmit(2010), although there is still a lot of hype surrounding teen pregnancy and birth rates, teens have been less sexually activity, they have been using contraceptive, and getting fewer abortions more recently than they did in earlier decades. This shows that the current generation is using prevention techniques that were previously not being adopted by teens. To illustrate, teen births and pregnancies have been declining in the United States since the late 1950s. Although that might sound like the problem has subsided, the teen birth rates remain much higher in the U.S. than in many other industrialized societies, such as Canada and Western Europe. To illustrate, in 2007, Germany 's rate was about one-quarter the U.S. rate, France 's was one-sixth and the Netherlands ' one-ninth(Cemmit, 2010).

The birth rate among teens in the United States has declined 9% from 2009 to 2010, a historic low among all racial and ethnic groups, with the least being born in 2010; and in 2011 the number of babies born to adolescents aged 15-19 years of age was 329,797 (“Birth Rates for U.S.”, 2012). Although the decline in unwanted and unplanned teen births is on the rise the United States continues to be among the highest of industrialized countries facing this problem. This is a prevailing social concern because of the health risks to these young mothers as well as their babies. Teens at higher risk of becoming pregnant are raised at or below the poverty

Pregnancy amongst adolescents is common around the world; however different cultures and different geographical regions have various explanations for teenage pregnancy. This essay will expand and delve into the determinants using elements from The Seedhouse Diagram (1986).

"Teen pregnancy in the United States: In 2015, a total of 229,715 babies were born to women aged 15-19 years old, for a birth rate of 22.3 per 1,000 women in this age group. This is another record for U.S. teens and a drop of 8% from 2014. Although reasons for the declines are not totally clear, evidence suggests these declines are due to more teens abstaining from sexual activity, and more teens who are sexually active using birth control than in previous years. Still, the U.S. teen pregnancy rate is substantially higher than in other western industrialized nations, and racial/ethnic and geographic disparities in teen birth rates persist (cdc.gov)." As teenagers (in the United States), we are peer pressured or tempted to try new things. Some teens tend to try out drugs, and alcohol. However, some are having unprotected sex in which, is leads to having babies. This is called, teenage pregnancy. This has caused the United States to create records based off of the statistics and facts given from, researchers across the United States. In order to help prevent teenage pregnancy in the United States, teenagers must understand why, having a baby now isn’t such a smart move on their part.