The Ethics Of Science Based Medicine

Dr Philip Zimbardo created the Stanford prison experiment in 1971, the aim of this experiment was to find out the psychological effects of prison life, and to what extent can moral people be seduced to act immorally. The study consisted of 24 students selected out of 75, the roles of these 24 men were randomly assigned, 12 to play prison guards and 12 to play prisoners. The prison set up was built inside the Stanford’s psychological department, doors where taken of laboratory rooms and replaced with steel bars in order to create cells. At the end of the corridor was the small opening which became the solitary confinement for the ‘bad prisoners’. Throughout the prison there were no windows or clocks to judge the passage in time, which resulted in time distorting experiences. After only a few hours, the participants adapted to their roles well beyond expectations, the officers starting

McLeod, Saul. "Stanford Prison Experiment." Simply Psychology. SimplyPsychology, 18 Sept. 2016. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

The study was cut short on August 20th, 1971. Prisoners began to break down emotionally and they tried to find ways to cope with it. The guards had total control of the prison and the prisoners had become isolated individuals. The experiment ended

The Stanford prison experiment (SPE) was study organized by Philip George Zimbardo who was a professor at Stanford University. Basically, SPE was a study of psychological effect. He studied about how personality and environment of a person effect his behaviour. Experiment he performed was based on prison and life of guards. He wants to find out whether personality get innovated in person according to given environment (situational) or due to their vicious personalities that is violent behaviour (dispositional). The place where the whole experiment was set up Philip Zimbardo and his team was Stanford University on August 14Th to August 20th in the year 1971 (Wikipedia).

tudied and observed and their behavior was measured with several methods. The results that the researchers found were fascinating. A breakdown of ethics and moral were almost instantaneous. The group with the power would come to abuse it and the group who had had their power taken away had become docile and submissive. The researchers concluded that the penal systems a whole was flawed in its ways of action and application of the treatment of its inmates and in the training of its guards. They also concluded that the psychology breakdown in this confined and control experiment was crucial in understanding the human psyche and how it handles certain situations.

The researchers observed the behaviors and mentalities of both guards and prisoners by naturalistic observation.

The year was 1971 and no one was ready for the results that the study, known as the Stanford Prison Experiment would conduct (Whitbourne). A test subject’s fate was determined by the flip of a coin, twelve prison guards and twelve prisoners (Zimbardo). Now that Zimbardo knew he had test subjects, he assembled a team to begin construction of the “Stanford County Jail.” With the help of a former imprisoned convict, the prison was built to be as realistic as possible. Zimbardo said, “The Prison was constructed by boarding up each end of a corridor in the basement of Stanford’s psychology department building (Zimbardo). That corridor was the ‘yard’ and was the only outside place where prisoners would

In the book NewJack: Guarding Sing Sing, the book discussed the life of a guard. Most people feel that the guards are bad guys in the criminal justice system and with the politics of the criminal justice systems there are many assumptions of the way in which the stereotype of prison guard’s life should be. The author Ted Conover explains first hand on the experiences behind the scenes that many guards experiences throughout their careers that is an untold story of the truth in the prison system. Conover was curious about the subculture of the prison guards’ duties and wanted to know the truth about if the assumptions that most have about the prison guards is truthful. Conover entered the Academy with many other young men and a few women who wanted good jobs with security. The training was modeled after boot camp for the military. Those who had been in the military fared better than those who had not been so initiated. Once Conover crossed the training hurdle, he was tossed over to Sing Sing for his first assignment.

The Guard s however showed what was termed the ‘Pathology of Power’ where the participants playing the roles of guards found huge pleasure and enjoyment in their execution of power and sometimes sadistic actions which would explain their willingness to work extra time for no pay and their genuine disappointment when the study ended. Punishments with little or no justification were applied with verbal assaults and in the case of some guards, aggressive physical action. The prison became dirty and inhospitable; bathroom rights became privileges, which could be, and frequently were, denied. Some prisoners were forced to clean toilets with bare hands. Moreover, prisoners endured forced nudity and even sexual humiliation. Experimenters said that approximately one-third of the guards exhibited genuine sadistic tendencies.

August 14, 1971 was the first day of the experiment, filled with individuality and unknown being of what this experiment was to bring. The college students were picked up in a police car, mirandized, and after processing landed in the experimental jail. Though the experiment collected important data on the psychological break down over what happens when innocent people go to jail, the gruesome and eye opening transformation of each of the prisoners over just six days is shocking. Hopeless and dehumanized, each of the prisoners experienced psychological trauma of varying degrees. Towards the end of the experiment, they were only identifying as their prison number and it was almost as if they had forgotten

These participants were measured within general population for their history and background of disabilities and crime, and, in an unsystematic way, assigned to function as guards and inmates. Prior to moving forward with the operation, the result was estimated that the assignment of these roles may possibly result in significantly contrasting reactions and interactions toward themselves, as well as the ability to cope and adapt to the environment. The guards were given freedom, within reason, and the inmates were confined to restrictions that created the prison mentality. Over the course of one week, each individual was observed, interviewed, and recorded using video and audio. The inmates were to remain in the mock prison for 24-hours per day and the guards on eight-hour shifts, and could leave after their shift was complete.

The Stanford Prison Experiment was a psychological experiment that took place at Stanford University from August 14th to August 20th in the year 1971. The experiment was help by professor Phillip Zimbardo, a psychology professor at the university. The goal of the experiment was to find out when you “put good people in an evil place” and whether or not the institution that you are in can determine or control your behavior. The “evil place” or negative environment that Zimbardo chose to simulate for the experiment was a prison, which would be built in the basement of Stanford’s psychology building. The prison was complete with its own cells with jail doors and a tiny dark room, which would be used for solitary confinement.

In 1971 the Stanford Prison Experiment was created. It was decided among authorities and superintendent’s that there needed to be an experiment put in place to demonstrate how good a person is living in a bad environment, and atmosphere would make adjustments.

Human experimentations have been performed many times by scientist in order to solve medical mysteries in the past. These experimentations can link back to the early 1700s when George I offered free pardon to any inmate who was willing to be injected with smallpox (Wellness Directory of Minnesota). Human experimentation has always been a hot topic as it has been argued that it is both necessary and also morally wrong since it can both hurt and help and individual. People have argued that there is no other subject to be experimented on as there aren’t many other animals or subjects which share the same anatomy as humans. It can also be argued that some of the treatments performed on these individuals can potentially cause the deaths of the person

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