Essay about The Ethics of Experimenting with Animals

When one speaks of intelligence or how bright another person is, the often quoted figure is the IQ or intelligence quotient. It is the most often used standard of how smart a person is. This paper shall look at what intelligence tests measure, how the IQ tests measure intelligence and interrogate their history. It shall then apply the tests to school policy and hence evaluate their validity.

A further refinement of the Stanford-Binet scale and translation (for American culture) was published in 1916 by Lewis M. Terman, who adopted Stern’s proposal that an individual's intelligence level be measured as an intelligence quotient (I. Q.). The IQ score presumably represented an individual’s rate of mental development as a quotient, between "mental age" and actual "chronological age" times 100 (to remove the decimal). Terman's test, known colloquially as the Stanford-Binet test, formed the basis for modern intelligence

Testing has been used for centuries in many different ways, not just to test student intelligence levels. According to an article written in Time, the earliest form of a standardized test comes from China where government leaders would be tested on their knowledge of Confucius and poetry. The article continues with the inclusion of testing during the Industrial Revolution. The testing during this period took children who were not in school and measured their knowledge of subjects that students in schools learned. As time went on, more and more advances came to the testing scene. New products included a revised version of the test, called the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test, and professionals developed the test scanner by 1936. These inventions improved the time necessary to receive results from an IQ test. Today, tests, like the

I believe that Gladwell’s purpose for writing “The Trouble with Geniuses Part One and Two” is for individuals to reevaluate the way that society defines and calculates a genius. According to Gladwell, society continues to make the mistake of not understanding what an outlier truly is. I believe Gladwell’s true purpose is to have individuals question the norms that have been set into place by society when it pertains to labeling someone as a genius. Specifically, those who are put into a position of prestige and or great admiration. Gladwell, wants individuals to question the determining factors which allows people to become an outlier.

Binet was involved in creating one of the more recent forms of intelligence test, referred to as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. A similar test is that formulated by Wechsler (Neisser et al. 1996). These led to the measure of IQ (“intelligence quotient”) being founded, where an individual’s “mental age is divided by their chronological age and multiplied by 100” (Gardner 2006, p. 3). The tests measure intelligence through verbal and non-verbal tasks, assessing scholastic aptitude, school achievement and specific abilities (Neisser et al. 1996, p. 78).

One reason that it isn’t ethical to do scientific research on animals is because animals are killed each year. About 20 million animals are experimented and killed annually. LIke I said before animals are starved, shocked, burned, and poisoned as scientists look for something that just might yield some human benefit. In one case, baby mice had their legs chopped off so that experimenters could observe whether they 'd learn to groom themselves with their stumps. In another, polar bears were submerged in a tank of crude oil and salt water to see if they 'd live. And, for those experiments which do have merit, there exist many non-animal alternatives. We don’t need animals to die. When scientists test

Another unethical side of animal research is that once a study is complete and depending on the species and type of research that the animal was used for, the animal may be euthanized. Numerous animals are used in research, experimented on and then killed. Some of the animals are permanently injured and will continue to live the remainder of their life in captivity. Many of

In the early 1900s, IQ test was originally developed by the French psychologist, Alfred Binet.

In 1904, a French psychologist (Alfred Binet) created the first intelligence test in order to help the French Ministry of Education segregate children that may have difficulty learning in a regular classroom. At that time, he did not know that his test would be the basis for IQ tests administered over 100 years later. He has a Stanford University psychologist, Lewis Terman, to thank for expanding his work and creating the Stanford-Binet intelligence test that took root in the United States in 1916 and is still popular today. However, along with its popularity came criticism. Critics see the current version of the Stanford - Binet test and other intelligence tests, despite attempts to make them culturally fair, as limiting to individuals who are not from the major social norm. They claim that cultural bias in test questions is why certain races do not perform as well as others on the test.

Animals have been treated immorally since the beginning of time, this is shown by hunting, farming, trapping, testing of products and biomedical research etc. As humans, majority of us claim animals as our resources as we use them for eating, making clothing, (leather and fur jackets, shoes) working animals, as a means of transport, animal testing etc. In this essay I will discuss the use of animals in biomedical research and state why some believe it is morally justified. I will then present an objection to argue why biomedical research is morally unjustified and why I believe this. I will write this essay using resources from Tom Regan 's, “The case for animal rights”, David DeGrazia’s, “The ethics of animal research: what are the prospects for agreement?’, Baruch A. Brody’s, “Defending animal research: An international perspective” and Peter Singer’s, “Animal Liberation at 30”. I will then come to my own conclusion based on the different perspectives from the above philosophers and by using my own knowledge on the issue.

tests. When issuing a standardized test there needs to be solid evidence that ensures that the results are reliable and unprejudiced. The original standardized I.Q. test had been the Binet-Simon Scale in 1904, made by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. The main purpose of the test was to help students who had difficulties learning in school by identifying the majority of them and giving them extra help. (Hally, 2015). “These and other IQ tests were eventually used for less than admirable purpose, screening new immigrants as they entered the United States from Ellis Island. IQ test results were inappropriately used to make false generalizations and to

Why, because almost every American citizen is naive enough to believe that each product has testing done (typically performed on animals) before being sold on the market, ordinarily for safety purposes. However, what the general public fails to comprehend is that although specific types of animals are nearly identical to human beings, there is always a cautious chance that the testing has positive results on animals but conversely, the outcome may be significantly different for humans. Recently, researchers warned that “patients and physicians should remain cautious about extrapolating the finding of prominent animal research to the care of human disease … poor replication of even high-quality animal studies should be expected by those who conduct clinical research” (Animal Experiments: Overview). Diseases that are artificially forced upon animals in a laboratory are under no circumstances identical to those that transpire naturally in human beings. For example, cigarettes were formerly indicated as “safe” because it did no harm to animals whereas cigarettes are typically known in today’s generation to cause illnesses such as lung cancer. More importantly, several researches to cure cancer and its’ questionable motives have been successfully completed on mice although the solution has had no effect on the human body. Also, more than eighty-five HIV/AIDS vaccines have been prosperous in nonhuman archbishop studies, but as of 2013 every

being Raven’s Progressive Matrices. The IQ was derived from William Stern, a German psychologist who wanted to compare each person’s human intelligence and finding the average (which was 100) in 1912. There are a variety of IQ tests, depending on the individual’s age. The most common IQ test is known as the Stanford-Binet test, which is usually taken by children, teenager, and young adults. We still use the IQ test to this day to see each person’s intelligence, with a world average of 85-100, while only about 2% score above 130. However, the IQ test has its advantages and disadvantages.

Animals should be used for research and Experimentation because if the animals get sick or show any signs of acting abnormal then the scientists know it isn’t safe for humans to use. Animal research has played a big role in nearly every medical breakthrough over the last decade. Animals have the same organ system that perform the same task, which helps determine if what is being tested is safe for humans to use. Most of the medicines animals use the same medicine as humans like antibiotics, pain killers, and many more this helps to see if the medicine cures the animals without any harmful consequences then it would be safe and useful for humans to use.

Animal experiment is immoral. Animals also have the right to be respected. But in the process of doing animal experiment, their rights are totally being ignored. It is wrong that animals have to suffer. People tend to take care of their pets with love, but don’t really care about the animals that are used for the experimentation such as rats, rabbits and pigs. The animals that are being used