The Evolution Of The Internet Of Things

IoT offers a platform for sensors and devices to communicate seamlessly within a smart environment and enables information sharing across platforms in a convenient manner. The recent adaptation of different wireless technologies places IoT as the next revolutionary technology by benefiting from the full opportunities offered by the Internet technology. IoT has witnessed its recent adoption in smart cities with interest in developing intelligent systems, such as smart office, smart retail, smart agriculture, smart water, smart transportation, smart healthcare, and smart energy. IoT has emerged as a new trend in the last few years, where mobile devices, transportation facilities, public facilities, and home appliances can all be used as data acquisition equipment in IoT. All surrounding electronic equipment to facilitate daily life operations, such as wristwatches, vending machines, emergency alarms, and garage doors, as well as home appliances, such as refrigerators, microwave ovens, air conditioners, and water heaters are connected to an IoT

“In a few decades’ time, computers will be interwoven into almost every industrial product”, said computer scientist pioneer Karl Steinbuch in 1966. Steinbuch’s prediction couldn’t be closer to the truth. Today we see the “Internet of Things” (IoT), which is the concept that modern devices are provided with “unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring any human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction” (Rouse, 2014). Wireless technologies, the internet, and various other types of computer networks have converged to form the IoTs as we know it. The Internet of Things is a complex technical and policy-related subject, and impacts everything from politics and the environment, to society and the economy.

The Internet of things is a large and growing topic, there are many projects and much research being developed for it. Here, we have compiled a list of the names of some of these projects: “Microsoft Lab of Things”, “CALIPSO (Connect All IP-based Smart Objects)”, “ELLIOT (Experiential Living Lab for the Internet Of Things)”, “EPoSS (European Technology Platform on Smart

Data is more pervasive than ever. In the new Hyperconnected World underpinned by the Internet of Things (IoT), people and things are increasingly connected. By 2020, there will be 50 billion networked devices. As individuals – whether on a personal level or representing their organizations – communicate and socialize more online and on mobile, a whole new collection of data will become available. This level of connectivity will have profound social, political and economic consequences.

Conceptually the IoT is in the infancy stage, but the foundation for its realization has begun with the development of the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). This upgrade from the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) corrects the issue of limited Internet Protocol (IP) Addresses. By expanding the number of IP addresses available it ensures new objects will be able to connect and communicate over the vast network (Pye, 2014).

This paper looks at the security concerns that the Internet of Things, or IOT carries along with it. The Internet of Things is defined as “a proposed development of the Internet in which everyday objects have network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive data” This increasing level of connectivity and interconnectivity certainly makes everyday tasks easier for the average person, but at the same time, it makes finding holes in security measures easier as well. The Internet of Things is said to have been “in the works” in the 1990’s. In 1999, the term “Internet of Things” is created by Kevin Ashton, the executive director of Auto-ID. Auto-ID is an academic research network pertaining to the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things took a huge step with the use and introduction of RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification). RFID really pushed the future of the Internet of Things, as it has a direct relationship to what the Internet of Things is all about, the communication between devices and objects. An example of this is an RFID tag being embedded in an intermodal container full of fruit, and arriving/departing a specific port at a shipping depot. Once the container passes a designated point, the time of arrival/departure, temperature in the container, days until expiration, and other key information.

The main idea behind the working of the Internet of Things revolves around increased machine-to-machine communication or M2M communication as it is called nowadays. It’s built on cloud computing and networks of sensors that can collect data and store it. The Internet of things offers mobile, virtual, and instantaneous connection. It is all about installing sensors (RFID, Bluetooth, GPS etc.) and connecting them to the internet through the use of specific protocols for data transfer and communications, in order to achieve intelligent recognition, location, tracking, monitoring and management (Zhang, Kim, & Mohammed, 2015). Thus, the Internet of things really comes together with the connection of sensors and machines. The real value that the Internet of Things creates is at the intersection of collecting data and using it for future use (Burrus, 2012).

Conceptually the IoT is in the infancy stage, but the foundation for its realization has begun with the development of the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). This upgrade from the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) corrects the issue of limited Internet Protocol (IP) Addresses. By expanding the number of IP addresses available it ensures new objects will be able to connect and communicate over the vast network (Pye, 2014).

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of the physical objects containing embedded systems which connects and communicate with each other internally or externally through sensors. According to David Ahrens, it is the “network of interconnected sensor-equipped electronic devices that collect data, communicate with each other, and can be monitored or controlled remotely over the Internet” (Ahrens, 2014). The main goal of its development is to connect the physical world and the environment to the Internet or wireless networks which would allow making objects, machines and work environments interactive without any human intervention which would result in improved efficiency and economic benefits. The word “Things” in IOT includes biochip transponders, electric clams, automobiles, electronic appliances etc. These devices collect the data individually with the existing technology and then share the data autonomously between each other through the internet protocol. It includes different technology infrastructure, devices and services such as the cloud, computing, data analytics and mobile communications. It is more about the disruptive business models than technology. It is a trend through which the physical world is becoming a big information system through the embedded system used in the devices over the wireless networks. The IoT is without a doubt an increasing trend that takes the advancement of interconnectivity to a level which was once just

The internet of Things (IOT) is an important part of new generation of information technology and known as an important stage of development “information” age. (Ashton, 2009). As the name suggest, IOT means the materials, objects, animals or people which are connected to the internet without human-computer

As the world steadily embraces the changing landscape of technology, its people must embrace the changing devices. IoT products are everywhere. Slowly, we are seeing smart products such as lightbulbs, thermostats, and refrigerators find their way into people’s homes. With the replacement of many household items with IoT products, people are now consistently coming up with new ideas on how they can incorporate their profession or hobby into the internet of things. The revolutionary ideas include everything from smart wearables to smart tattoos.

The Internet of Things is a growing network of everyday objects – from industrial machines to consumer goods – that can share information and complete tasks while you are busy with other activities, like work, sleep or exercise, as SAS states in their insights to define IoT. There is no agreed upon definition of IoT, rather it is so simply defined that any laymen can comprehend it. Internet of Things Global Standards Initiative defines -Internet of Things (IoT) as the network of physical objects or things embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data.

On December 6, 1967, the Department of Defense awarded a contract with the purpose of the “design and specification of a computer network”. Four months later, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPANET) was created. By October 15, 1969, computers at the University of California-Los Angeles and Stanford were connected and communicating (Internet History from ARAPNET to Broadband, 2007) . Thus was the birth of the internet. Now, the internet is an indispensable tool that provides us with an active connection to everyone and nearly everything. However, we’ve evolved the internet and moved forward to the “internet of things” (IoT). The IoT is connecting man to machine, machine to machine, and machine to man all through “smart” devices,

The Internet of Things (IoT) is all about devices: how we interact with them and the data they produce. As we move around from location to location our mobile device, which is packed with sensors and numerous wireless radios, helps us seamlessly communicate with various other devices. Some of these devices might be in our homes, some our offices, some in our cars or the stores we shop in. Still others, we wear on our bodies. (Blouin, 2017)

Internet of things (IoT) is rapidly increasing technology with day by day. IoT is the network of physical objects or things which is embedded with electronics components, software or languages like python, Microcontroller, PLC etc. sensors like temperature, humidity, smoke sensor and gas lekage or stepper motor, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange the data.