The Experience Of The Elderly With Chronic Conditions

The alarming increase in sexual assault among male and female students is a source of concern. Despite improvements in the general statistics on rape cases, the college setting remains to be the hot bed of sexual assault, especially among the female counterparts (Allen, 2007). A victim, regardless being a male or a female, never feel safe in their life as something precious was taken from them once. Statistics show that 17.6% of women are likely to be victims of rape in their entire lifetime while only 0.3% of males are estimated to be the victims of sexual assault. According to the National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS), the most critical ages men and females are likely to be engaged in sexual abuse is when they are children or adolescents (Gonzales, Schofield & Schmitt, 2006).

Hope is evident when a person desires to avoid the feeling of despair and emotion that is associated with an uncertain future. Hope also enables a person to overcome difficult stages of their life; it gives the power of endurance and adaptability. In older adults, the values of past experiences are used to sustain their hope. Before nurses can give hope to their patients, it is important to understand what hope is and how to incorporate it in across the life span. Having a positive mindset alleviates emotional and physical pain and makes the recovery process a much pleasant one.

In Massachusetts alone, there were “2,337 unduplicated incidents of sexual assaults reported to rape crisis centers in Massachusetts between July 1, 2011 and June 30, 2012. 1in 8 adolescent girls will be forcibly raped. 50% will experience long-term mental distress. 44% will experience a second assault in her lifetime. 78% will be acquaintances or relatives. Strangers assault 22%. 16% will report to the police. 1% of the offenders are sentenced to less than one year in jail” ("Sexual Assault Statistics,"

with Research conducted on the characteristics of female sexual abusers uses three specific case examples of young girls, ages: ten, twelve, and sixteen. In two of three case examples, the girls had reported being sexually abused at a young age. The third girl, age sixteen, did not explicitly state she had been sexually abused, but has close ties with her father who is a known sex-offender,; therefore it is believed that she has been sexually abused during childhood. A review of adolescent offenders of sexual abuse, under the age of 21, shows: “Chi-square analyses showed significant associations between those who targeted children and being sexually abused or having a family member subject to sexual abuse” The study also reports that those that have experienced sexual assault at a young age, and have been reported to sexually assault other children typically have poor relationships with peers and family members in addition to experiencing two or more instances of

When most people hear the phrase sexual abuse we all have a tendency to assume the victim is a female. It is only a myth that males are not sexually assaulted, or that it only happens in while incarcerated. Sexual assaults can happen to anyone no matter their age, sex, orientation, or even identity. In fact, in between 9-10% of all male rape survivors outside of prisons are male and 16% of men have experienced sexual abuse before the age of 18. These reports are only an estimate because most male survivors of sexual abuse will either never report it or they encounter barriers while trying to report it. (Male Survivors of Sexual Assault, 2015) “The U.S. Department of Justice records an average of greater than 12,000 reported sexual assaults of men annually, and predicts that if unreported assaults are included, the actual number of men who are sexually assaulted in the United States each year is approximately 60,000.” (Male Survivors of Sexual Assault, 2015)

Sexual assault is something that can affect people emotionally, physically, psychosocially, psychologically, and even spiritually. As often as it occurs in society, the effects that sexual assault can have on an individual are all relatively similar. Sexual assault is any sort of sexually-based action in which one or more participants have not given consent. Often times, people refer to sexual assault as simply rape, however there are other dimensions to sexual assault which can include unwanted kissing, groping, or touching of any form. Emotionally, victims are conflicted about whether it is their own fault or if it the fault of the attacker. In many instances, the victim will blame themselves for what has happened to them. Physically, there is nearly always damage in the affected areas (vagina, anus, penis, breasts, etcetera) that can lead to painful tissue damage. There is also the risk of pregnancy or STD’s that the victim must be aware of. Psychosocially, the victim becomes distant with everyone they were once close to. Their level of trust declines dramatically, causing relationships with spouses, family, and close friends to crumble. Since the victims tend to push their loved ones away, often without giving any sort of reason, they can sometimes face isolation and a lack of support from those whom would usually offer council. The psychological effects are tremendous as well. Victims of sexual assault will often have severe anxiety, post-traumatic stress

Victims of sexual violence is the first population we will discuss. “On average, there are 321,500 victims (age 12 or older) of rape and sexual assault each year in the United States” (Rain.org, “Victims of Sexual Violence: Statistics,” 2016, para. 1). Criminal justice professionals will encounter rape victims and sexual assault victims. Police officers have the duty of charging and arresting the perpetrator and getting the persons assaulted to safety. Victims of rape and sexual assault have to

“Sexual assault reporting,” “sexual assault barriers to reporting,” “reporting rape and sexual assault to the police,” “police attitudes toward sexual assault victims,” “police perceptions of rape and sexual assault victims,” “barriers and myths to reporting sexual assault,” “sexual assault training programs,” “rape and sexuall assault myths,” rape and sexual assault,” “rape and sexual assault disclosure patterns,” “rape laws,” “rape and sexual assault reoffending,” “police legitimacy,” “procedural justice,” “police legitimacy and procedural justice,” “rape and legitimacy,” “procedural justice and rape,” etc. Each time a search was conducted the search included looking for “Full Text,” “Scholarly/Peer Reviewed” articles within the last 5 years. Once articles within the past 5 years were located, peer-reviewed articles were identified for review. A review of the documents abstract gave a good understanding of what the article was about. The two search engines that provided the best resources were ProQuest and

Women all over the world are constantly living in fear of sexual assault or abuse. Catherine Thorbecke from abc NEWS proclaimed that “One in three women will experience some form of contact sexual violence in their lifetime.” This striking statistic exclaims how many women have to experience such a repulsive violation that affects their physical condition. The victim feel violated and can not go through their lives the same. After a victim gets sexually assaulted or abused they do not feel comfortable in their own bodies anymore.

The researcher will assume that the respondents will answer all survey questions and that the questions will be answered honestly. The researcher will assure the respondents that the survey will be handled anonymously and that it will be confidential.

I choose this topic because sexual assault is one of the most offensive crimes committed in our society. Not only is it a threat to the community, but it has a physically and psychologically effect on the victim in many ways. For the last couple of decades, sexual assault, rape, and child molestation has become the focal point of public concerns today. According to a 1993 National Crime Victimization Survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice, about 500,000 rapes or sexual assaults occur each year (Statistics, March 2010). The Department of Justice states that, “rape crimes have risen nearly three times as fast as the total crime rate”, although other studies have shown statistics that are in

The importance of addressing issues of sexual violence is necessary in order to prevent sexual assault. Addressing sexual violence means reducing the rate of victims created by the occurrence of sexual abuse. In addition, reducing economic burden (i.e., medical and mental health treatment services, confinement expenses, criminal justice expenses) in the community. Furthermore, aid in developing, maintaining, and enhancing preventative measures to effectively treat sex offenders and their victims to maintain population well-being. Many studies explored many avenues of understanding factors influencing the occurrence of sexual assault; from understanding victims and potential life consequences to offenders and their offending behaviors by exploiting sub-external components contributing to an act of sexual crime.

This literature review provides a brief overview of six scholarly articles and other facts about sexual assault .This review will first define sexual assault as it is defined in these articles. It will analyze the strengths and limitations of the definition used and will discuss the occurrence of sexual assault in the general population.This review will also illustrate the protective factors, barriers to recovery , impact of development and the specific sexual assault population that are absent in these articles. Sexual assault is a societal issue that impacts men and women at every age in their life, it’s much more highly reported among college aged women. The majority of women who are victims of rape are

The survey in particular was on FluidSurveys.com which is a Canadian website which ensures anonymity. Beginning the survey implied consent and participants were allowed to withdraw at any time. The survey used a demographic study to determine which participants fit the criteria of the research. It also used the Shapiro Control Inventory to determine the level of desire for control each participant possessed, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index for empathy levels, the HEXACO-60 for honesty-humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience levels, the Self-Report Altruism Scale for altruism levels, the Rosenburg Self-Esteem for self-esteem levels, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale for life satisfaction levels. A total of 270 participants fit the criteria

Chronic disease and conditions are usually defined as those diseases which last for more than six months and which have a severe effect on the life of the individuals (Chronic Conditions and Injury, para.1). While chronic diseases can affect people of all ages and demographics, these types of diseases are very often found in the elderly. Chronic disease are also characterized by "…multiple risk factors, long latency periods, a prolonged course of illness and functional impairment or disability" (Key indicators of progress for chronic disease and associated determinants, 2011, p. 1). Chronic disease is also found to be more prevalent in the ageing demographic of most countries.