Human Iris Research Paper

“The Bluest Eye” is taking place around 1940 in Lorain, Ohio. During the year of 1940, discrimination, especially toward African Americans, was still a serious problem. People believe that whiteness is the standard of beauty. The main character, Pecola, who was a nine-years-old African-American, was influenced by how people view beauty. Pecola suffered and felt that she is inferior to others. Pecola believed that having a pair of blue eyes would made people think she is pretty, and would be the key resolving all the problems.

Most individuals take for granted their ability to see. Eyesight is a major connection to the outside world; around 80 percent of impressions are through sight, meaning that only 20 percent are from the other four senses. The human eye has evolved over time to turn into what it is today. Through human’s needs for survival, the eye has changed to suit humans. Two of the most common types of eyes found in nature are the camera-type eye and compound eyes; the human eye fits into camera-type eyes because just like a camera lens focuses light onto something, the eye does a similar thing. The cornea, a structure in the front of the eye, focuses light onto the retina, and behind the cornea, is a colored membrane called the iris. It has an adjustable circular opening, the pupil, which expands or contracts to determine the amount of light that enters the eye.

When analyzing DNA, the analysts create a DNA profile for each evidentiary piece of DNA. The DNA profile is based on 13 markers, or locations, within the genome. These 13 markers are chosen because they show a high variability between individuals. By using these 13 markers, the probability of 2 individuals having the exact same 13 markers is infinitesimal. But DNA profiles as they are now are made for identification purposes only. The profiles are not meant to contain personal genetic information (Matheson, 2016). But through the work of Susan Walsh, together with colleagues in the Netherlands, they have been able to create models for eye colour and hair colour. For the model on eye colour, they have a 95% accurate predictability rate, but only for brown and blue eyes. They have not done as extensive of work on the other colours of eyes. For the model on hair colour, they have a 90%

Throughout history, beauty standards have been enforced on females. They are taught what the ideal beauty is by the media and current culture of that time. Society creates certain expectations that require women to look a certain way to be beautiful and if not they are considered ugly. They change their appearances in order to conform to the established beauty standard and often lose a part of their identity in the process. In Toni Morrison’s novel, The Bluest Eye, she captures the struggle young girls and women face to meet the expectations that popular culture has on the ideal beauty in the early 1940s.

For many years, scientists discovered that the animal kingdom have an incredible diversity of vision. “For example, the bee’s eye produces neural image very similar to that of the human eye but with much worse resolution.” (Nilsson, 1989, p. 298). In addition, Nilsson (1989) shows that the bee’s eyes also detect “polarization of light in the sky and provides color information” (p. 298). Nilsson’s (1989) stated that the primary purpose of an image-forming apparatus in the eye is to

The eyeball holds many parts to allow eyesight. The retina holds the key to allowing the human eye to see color. The pupil appears as the black part of the eye that people see, the pupil however does not have much to do with comprehending color. As Clarence Rainwater said in his book “The pupil is simply the hole in the iris through which light enters the eye.” (84) The light then has to pass through many parts of the eye before reaching the retina such as the transparent cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor. Clarence Rainwater described the retina as “... the eye’s sensitive inner surface.” (86) The exciting part of the eye starts here. The retina holds the key as stated by Clarence Rainwater, “... a complex system

The eye is immediately drawn to the incredible brightness on the left half of the image, showing the people who are going to be gunned down mercilessly as the viewer’s eye is further directed by the man’s undoubtedly distressed visage towards the very things threatening his life. The lack of color is apparent as it all feels very muted outside of the only source of light being placed on the men who are in danger. The darkness and tones of brown and gray on the soldiers in contrast to the very bright, and light tones of the one countryman and his compatriots appears to display a sort of good versus evil struggle going on. If your eyes are not instantly drawn to the illuminated men then it is very likely that the guns would command your awareness, being at the literal center of the image painting. The firearms pointed at the men can only signal severe negativity as you only ever point any type of gun at something you intend to shoot, and you only shoot if you intend to kill. The entire painting is very heart-rending as it depicts men taking other men’s lives for seemingly no reason at all.

This paper will discuss how phenotypes are driven by DNA inheritance in offspring by the genes known as alleles. Each parent provides an allele although on allele is hidden in one parent and can be passed on to his or her offspring. The information presented in the monohybrid cross that shows where one parent has the hidden allele of a gene that carries the trait of orange eyes that disappears and reemerges later in the genetic make-up of an offspring. The inheritance in the offspring is driven by the DNA of that individuals parents and the genetic traits one is born with are decided by the dominant and recessive genes of his or her parents (www.nature.com, 2014).

The development of the human body is an exquisite process that involves numerous complicated processes for even the smallest of body parts, including the eyes. The eyes are an extraordinarily complex organ capable of gathering information through refracted light and sending it the brain to assemble a picture. They provide the ability to see and follow a moving object and the capability to tell an approximate distance of an object. When light passes through the cornea and iris pupil, at the anterior portion of the eye, it is focused by the lens onto the retina at the back of the eye. Photoreceptor cells, which are present in the retina, detect the light and send information to interneurons which begin to sort out the information. This information is then sent to ganglion cells which transmits the final information to the brain (Sowden 199). Because the eyes have such complicated and exquisite processes, the likelihood of developmental errors occurring are possible. A large number of these developmental errors lead to congenital defects and abnormalities that effect the individual’s eye sight. Some of these defects and abnormalities can cause serious diseases and syndromes that effect more than just the eyes, but also neurological processes, facial dimorphisms, growth failure, tracheal development, and genitalia anomalies.

Introduction The eye is a very important organ because it allows us to not just see something, but to also see them in colors. Vision is created when light passes through the cornea, and reflected by lens until it hits the retina in the back of the eye. On the retina are two types of light-absorbing cells. These two types are rods and cones cells.

Our eyes have different parts or layers you can call it. On the very top layer, there is the lens, which just like a camera help us focus on certain images. Then there is the eyeball which helps us see and also this is the only area of the eye that is pigmented. Behind the eyeball is the retina, this layer deals with sensitivity to light and triggers nerve impulses. The retina itself has a layer that basically consists of two light-sensitive cells.

In this experiment documents a white community school of third grade class in Iowa are exercising discrimination based on eye color with two distinct groups, the blue eyes and brown eyes. The purpose of the experiment if children can understanding of discrimination. The Teacher decided to divide the class by different eye color the blue-eyed and brown-eyed students. On the first day the blue-eyed students are praised more than the brown-eyed students. They’re reward were to get extra recess hours, they can drink from the fountain, get seconds for lunch, and play on the playground. The brow-eyed students were not privileged to do this activity. The second day the teacher switched the roles that the brown-eyed students are praised more than the

I looked into the physics of the eye itself and into corrective lenses because I wear glasses. The human eye is a very complex piece of anatomy. Like a camera, the eye is able to refract light and produce an image that can enable someone to see.

Light, a concept that has been worked with for many years dating back to 500 B.C. Pythagoras hypothesized that humans perceive light due to the human eyes ability to emit rays upon the environment and the emittance gives a human his or her sight (Sekuler). Afterward, human intellectuals started making it more concise to present day knowledge of light. This development of light came from two intellectuals named Christian Huygens and Isaac Newton. Newton exclaimed during the 1700s that light was a stream of particles carrying energy but Huygens, Newton’s contemporary, thought that light needed this invisible “ether” in order for these streams to make light travel. Then, a couple hundred years later, modern scientists such as Albert Einstein, Thomas Young, and Augustin Fresnel proved Isaac’s and Huygens’ hypotheses of light (Rossing, 23-24). This is how the basis of light was created.