The Father Of Symphony, And The Brother Of The String Quartet

Haydn lived with his parents in Rohrau. They knew Rohrau couldn’t offer him the musical training that he needed so they talked with a relative and let Haydn move to Hainburg. In 1738, he lived with Johann Frankh. Johann Frakh introduced him to the world of music. He was somewhere between the ages of six-ten years old when he left his parents. In 1740, Haydn moved to Vienna. He went to Vienna after he auditioned for Georg von Reutter. Georg von Reutter liked him. Georg Reutter choose Haydn and enrolled him at the St. Stephen’s Cathedral. At the institution, Haydn played a variety of instruments. He played violin, the clavier, the harpsichord, and other small percussion instruments. He trained for several years and then worked as a chorister for a few years. Once

Both Haydn and Beethoven are known as two of the greatest classical/romantic composers in the history of music. Haydn is identified as the father of modern symphony, as well as the father of the string quartet. He has played an essential role in developing the piano trio and the sonata form. Beethoven is also a widely recognized composer in Western music, his style joined the lull between the Classical and Romantic eras. Beethoven traveled to Vienna when he was young to study under Haydn. However, due to disputes and differences between the two composers, lessons only lasted for a little over a year. The teachings, if only for a short period, left a mark on Beethoven, and can be observed in his compositions.

As noted by Robert Hughes, "Beethoven was not only the embodiment of all that was before him, but also of that which was yet to come" (Hughes 486). The truth of this may be seen by comparing Beethoven's 5th Symphony in C Minor to Haydn, the father of Symphony, and his 95th in C Minor. While Haydn's symphony is both playful and dramatic, Beethoven's symphony is grander both in terms of scale and vision. He expands the size of the orchestra to incorporate the sounds swirling around, underlying, and depicting the arrival of Fate in a rhythm-driven, thematic symphony that takes Haydn's form and runs with it as though to the top of a mountain peak. This paper will analyze the symphonies by movement, according to form, size, structure, tonalities, melodies, orchestral sound and overall mood and effect.

          Haydn has a special preference for writing music in a bundle of six. Each of the six pieces has its individuality while sharing many common features at the same time. Haydn’s solo keyboard sonatas show striking diversity in type and style. They often could be categorized by their style periods and each of them reflects a corresponding social background.

Some of the great composers during this time were Franz Josef Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,

Mozart was a prolific and most influential composer of the classical era. As a mere toddler he began to observe his sister’s lessons with their father, developing a keen ear, and showing signs of surprising comprehension. His father, Leopold, was himself a successful composer, violinist and assistant concert master of the Salzburg Court. Both Mozart and his sister were tutored by their father, a dedicated and task-oriented pedagogue. Young Mozart progressed anon, excelling even above his father’s pedagogic genius. At the verdant age of six, he performed as a child prodigy at royal courts in London, Paris, and Zurich. Mozart’s youth was spent fully engaged in touring and performance. These tours were financed through donors and patrons. Through the years, and while abroad, Mozart met many accomplished musicians such as Johann

He is known as the “father of the string quartet” and the “father of the symphony”. Haydn made major contributions to musical form, such as the sonata rondo form and the double variation form.

Ever since his father began teaching him as a child to play the violin and clavier, any keyboard instrument such as the harpsichord, Ludwig van Beethoven has been amongst the most renowned and influential composers of music. Despite the harsh punishments and mistreatment Beethoven suffered through while practicing with his father, he still managed to become a “prodigy” at a rather young age, having his first public recital at around seven years old. After his first recital role music played in his continued to grow, and soon after dropping out of school to pursue music “full time” he published his first composition.

Some of the most well known composers came to be in the in the classical music period. Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the composers, along with other greats of the time like Haydn and Mozart, which helped to create a new type of music. This new music had full rich sounds created by the new construction of the symphony orchestra.

The difficulty of his breathing increased, less air came in with every breath, tightness filled his chest and lungs - this had to end. Antonio Vivaldi, known as “The Red Priest,” due to his hair color, attempted to give mass, but his bronchial asthma restricted him from doing his job well (Heller). He lost his ability to preach when the pain proved too much. So he returned to his first love: music. Antonio Vivaldi’s father, a barber-turned-professional-violinist in Venice, taught him to play the violin at a very young age. At ten years old, Vivaldi became his father’s substitute at St. Mark’s Orchestra (Getzinger). Thus, at an early age, he showed extraordinary promise. Years later, that promise came to fruition as he revolutionized Baroque music. Because Antonio Vivaldi’s compositions added warmth and a rhythmically textured sound to a rather ornamental Baroque style, his musical approach appealed to listeners and changed how everyone viewed concertos. His revolutionary style influenced other musicians and European society from his first composition in 1690 to his death in 1741. More than two centuries later, his music, best represented by The Four Seasons, continues to have an impact. When Vivaldi lost his ability to preach, he found a new but familiar voice through the violin and became the Baroque period’s most influential composer, changing the way Europeans, and even other composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach, approached music.

Throughout the eighteenth century, the symphony underwent a process of sophisticated development - mainly through composers integrating new ideas on structure, form, and instrumentation. The symphony also experienced a phase of unfortunate degradation. However, Joseph Haydn was the predominant figure to revive the symphony and bring it to popularity. As David Wyn Jones states:

Franz Joseph Haydn is one of the most recognizable names and characters of the Classical era. He is recognizes as the inventor of the string quartet, and tutored many other easily-recognizable musicians such as Ludwig van Beethoven and Amadeus Wolfgang Mozart. Haydn’s first experience with music was when he was eight, and he was recruited to sing as a choirboy at St. Stephen’s choir in Vienna. He eventually came to love the keyboard and violin, and supported himself in his early years by teaching and playing violin. His most famous pieces include: the "Rider" quartet and the Surprise, Military, Drumroll and London symphonies. The listening example: Symphony no. 94 is known as the Surprise Symphony, and is the second of the twelve London Symphonies.

In 1747 Leopold Mozart married Maria Anna Pertl. Leopold and Maria Anna would have seven children, two of who would survive. Maria Anna born in 1752 who the family called Nannerl . Then in 1756 Wolfgang Amadeus who was nicknamed Wolfgangerl. Wolfgang Amadeus was not his original birth name it was shortened to this from Joannes Chrisostomos Wolfgangus Gottlieb. It is little wonder even two of the children survived; “Given Leopolds insistence that they be brought up on a diet of water and gruel, the wonder is that any survived at all.” (Siepmann, Mozart His life and Music) Leopold Mozart was very musical himself and was a skilled violinist, composer and an author. He wrote a well

The early piano sonatas of Beethoven deserve special mention. Although his first published examples of concertos and trios and the first two symphonies are beneath the masterpieces of Mozart and Haydn, the piano sonatas bear an unmistakably Beethovian stamp: grandiose in scope and length, and innovative in their range of expression. The sonatas were able to move expression from terrible rage to peals of laughter to deep depression so suddenly. Capturing this unpredictable style in his music, a new freedom of expression which broke the bounds of Classical ideals, was to position Beethoven as a disturbed man in the minds of some of his contemporaries. Furthermore, he was to be seen as the father of Romanticism and the single most important innovator of music in the minds of those after him. (Bookspan 27).

Many prominent musicians produced major works during the romantic period. Among these are Beethoven, Strause, and Bach. But the musician that I think had the most impact, was Franz Schubert. Franz Peter, born on 31 January 1797 was one of fourteen children born of Franz Theodore Schubert and Elisabeth Vietz, four of which survived. He grew up in an apartment that daily converted to a classroom in which his father taught several elementary school classes. He received a thorough basic education; his father being a good teacher, and son being a bright student. From his father Franz also learned to play the violin, and from his