The Female Heroine Of North And South

By investigating the gender roles of the Victorian Era in Jane Eyre and looking at the more modern presentation of gender roles in The Eyre Affair, a clear understanding of these author’s intentions to expose the gender issues can be seen. Jane Eyre is a classic novel in which orphan Jane opposes societal expectations by becoming an intelligent,

Women who had no claim to wealth or beauty received the harshest of realities in America’s Victorian era. Author Charlotte Bronte – from America’s Victorian era – examines and follows the life of a girl born into these conditions in her gothic novel Jane Eyre (of which the main character’s name

Jane Eyre is a personal journey for independence and belonging in an extremely unpleasant society. Jane Eyre is very distinctive from other romantic pieces of the era, in the fact that it portrays a woman searching for equality and dignity through independence from those who treat her as a second hand citizen. Finding independence is Jane’s only way to combat the situation she is stuck in time and time again throughout her life. Throughout Jane Eyre, Jane, attempts to find independence and a sense of belonging, while also attempting to form open and equal relationships.

Social hierarchy and the patriarchal society are explored in Jane Austen’s novels. She shows us how society and class order affected women in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Men were deemed superior over women. There were many differences that reflect the members of a particular social class and gender modes of conduct, upbringing, manner, education, and morality. Austen shows the injustice of inheritance laws and the psychological vulnerability of the women in her novels. Northanger Abbey portrays the volatility of patriarchal power.

In its simplest form, Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre tells the story of a young woman, Jane Eyre, who grows up poor, makes the decision to be independent, does so, and, eventually, marries rich. The novel follows her from her childhood to her reunion with the love of her life and she, throughout it, deals with classism and sexism and exhibits her own form of feminism. By the end, it becomes clear that, with this semi-autobiographical novel, Charlotte Bronte was providing a criticism on society’s discrimination toward those of a lower class, a subtle argument against the male-dominated society’s treatment of women, and an even subtler call to action for women to find their own agency outside of the men in their lives. On another end, however,

The reader’s first real introduction to the Victorian society and the women within is through Lucy Westenra and Mina Murray’s letters to each other. The letters reveal both of their characters and in their diary entries, the way the men act towards them. This reveals the society's view of women, often thinking of them as being below men, silly and childlike. When Lucy is introduced, she comes off

The title character of Catharine Maria Sedgewick’s novel, Hope Leslie, defies the standards to which women of the era were to adhere. Sedgewick’s novel is set in New England during the 17th century after the Puritans had broken away from the Church of England. Hope Leslie lives in a repressive Puritan society in which women behave passively, submit to the males around them, and live by the Bible. They allow the men of their family to make decisions for them and rarely, if ever, convey an opinion that differs from the status quo. However, Hope Leslie does not conform to the expected behavior of women during that time, behavior that only further expressed the supposed superiority of males. Hope

Everywhere we look, we see differences in race, gender, and status. Some people are held to a higher standard and are given more privilege than others. This inequality is seen today and was seen throughout the 18th century. Not many women have the courage to speak out about what happens, but two brave female authors have done so. Jane Austen wrote Northanger Abbey and Frances Burney wrote Evelina, and both novels bring to light the injustices women face. Both female authors used the negative aspect of gender roles that come along with growing up as female to show that an individual can surpass limitations and stereotypes through personal strength.

Northern women may be persuaded to listen to Jacobs because of how relatable her strong emotions are. Within the reading, she contrasts her situation with that of free women in

Although set later, the idea of women’s political power and movement is continued in ‘No Country for Old Men’, with the first woman being appointed to the Supreme Court in 1981. This is extremely important and could have links to morality and Sherriff Bell and Nick being used as the moral compasses of the novels. The teenage hitchhiker in ‘No Country for Old Men’ could be McCarthy’s portrayal of new found female freedom and perhaps offers a feminist perspective. However the stereotyped, traditional female caring role is continued by Carla Jean who mothers Llewellyn, when she demands to “see that cut” on his head. However, conflicting again, the use of the imperative shows Carla Jean’s influence over her husband. Fitzgerald also draws attention to the way the Buchanans are addressed by Nick when he goes to “have dinner with the Tom Buchanans”. Here the couple are referred to as the “the (man’s first name) (man’s last name)s”. Women gained the vote only a few years earlier, and, the genders were still seen as being worlds apart, with males strongly dominating.

This shift in how femininity is valued is both literary and historical. In “Gender and the Victorian Novel,” Nancy Armstrong has described a historical shift during the nineteenth century in conceptualizing the dangers of reproduction—from the danger of overpopulation earlier in the century to the danger of degeneration at its end. For Armstrong, this shift coincides with a development in literature that presents “the struggle between femaleness and femininity” (110). Lizzie and Lucy represent this struggle between “traditional femininity” (Lucy) and “female nature” (Lizzie) (108). What I would like to add to this argument is an account of the role Lucinda Roanoke plays in the struggle. As a figure both racialized and “savage,” Lucinda seems to represent the possibility of degeneracy directly. Lucy

The patriarchal system of the Victorian Era severely limited women’s independence and control of their lives; a theme that dominates this text. Jane’s husband, John, the antagonist, represents the mores of their society, and treats Jane like a child. After returning to bed one evening, John questions her reasons awakening “ ‘What is it, little girl?’ he said. ‘Don’t go walking about like that-you’ll get cold’”

In all walks of life, death is an ominous theme that creates new problems for someone to solve. In literature, does a death scene enhance a thickening plot? Or does it simply tell you something you didn’t know before? Death scenes in literature help to explain major themes in a literary work. In the novel Dracula by Bram Stoker, the death of Lucy helps further introduce the new found idea of vampirism and enhance the theme that the ideal Victorian women shouldn’t be a sexual being and what happens to the “new women” in society.

Jane Eyre, often interpreted as a bildungsroman, or a coming-of-age story, goes further than the traditional “happy ending,” commonly represented by getting married. Instead, the novel continues beyond this romantic expectation to tell full the story of Jane’s life, revealing her continual dissatisfaction with conventional expectations of her social era; as a result, many literary critics have taken it upon themselves to interpret this novel as a critique of the rigid class system present in 19th century Victorian society. One literary critic in particular, Chris R. Vanden Bossche, analyzes Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre through a Marxist lens, asserting the importance of class structure and social ideology as historical context and attributing this to the shaping of the novel as a whole. This approach of analysis properly addresses Brontë’s purposeful contrast of submission and rebellion used to emphasize Jane’s determined will for recognition as an equal individual.

North and south is considered as the significant piece of Victorian literature, written by Elizabeth Gaskell. Elizabeth Gaskell was a novelist and short story writer. Her stories usually have a contemporary attitude she emphasized more on the women’s role, complex and realistic female characters. North and south is considered as her best known work .It features a strong lead female ,a mature love story and relevant social and political explanation about industrialization and class conflict present in mid-19th century in England. Through, North and south, Elizabeth Gaskell challenges the limiting gender roles of the Victorian era , by giving her heroin , Margaret both the feminine qualities of virtue and selflessness and Masculine qualities of independence and action . Gaskell perfectly balances her heroin between feminine and the masculine world as to not to appear “unwomanly” and subtly influence the readers and call for changing gender norms.