The First Theory Of Development

Both normative and nonnormative influences and nature and nurture influences both shed light on human development over childhood and adolescence. The nature and nurture debate refers to whether particular aspects of development are a result of inherited characteristics (nature) or obtained characteristics (nurture). The answer to what characteristics were obtained by which source is a difficult task as there is still much to learn about the way genetic markers work and how their patterning influence organisms. Instead nature and nurture should be looked at as a intricate ecology (Claiborne, Drewery, Paki, & Peters, 2014). This is where characteristics are not considered to have only a single source but can linked to a contribution of our genetic

In D1 I will be assessing the genetic and social factors on a person’s development; I will be using the David Reimer and few case studies of my own about twins. I will then come to my own conclusion of which one I think is the most important in each story nature or nurture.

On the other hand, the set of talent and role that is refined through time, concern that a person live out while completely doing away with the unpredictable of hereditary characteristics. Therefore, a person invests their time and effort into something that they are good at even if it is not in their lineage. For this reason, when a person is born with certain distinctiveness and even though their nurture may have influences on their personalities to change or be improved, their genes encompass a large influence on how they will live their life. Children may see their friend cheat on a test at school but will not do the same, because they now it wrong because of punishment indirect or direct learning from their parents (Benokraitis, 2010). For this, “one strategy is longitudinal research in which children's initial characteristics can be observed to change over time in relation to specific parenting experiences” (Collins, Maccoby, Steinberg, Hetherington & Bornstein, 2000, p. 223).

Development is a process that involves a passage of several stages as discussed by different individuals and theories of development. At each stage of development, people show a typical pattern that can be generalized or applied to age set for any normal developing person. Although there might be slight variations, development seems almost the same regarding perception, cognition, socialization, and use of language among particular groups during development. In this paper, I will discuss the activities and interaction that I observed among adults and relate them to the theories of development discussed by various scholars and psychologist.

Through Up Series, it could be observed how both biology and environment played a significant role in Andrew’s development. Behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr (1993) theorized three ways that heredity and environment can be correlated.

All humans are created in similar ways and have unique biological elements. We all are conceived, grown in a woman’s womb, evolve through generations, and contain genes that form the physical aspects of humans. According to Friedman and Schustack (2012) B.F. Skinner proposed the idea that “who he was, his personality, was clearly the result of his reinforcement history” while being raised (p.193). Reinforcement is anything that may make a behavior stronger; this idea suggests that personality can be shaped through conditioning (Myers, 2013). Skinner determined the ideal way to analyze behavior was “to look at the causes of an action and its consequences”, known as “operant conditioning” (McLeod, 2007). According to Friedman and Schustack (2012) operant conditioning is defined as “changing of a behavior by manipulating its consequences” (p. 194). Through operation conditioning, a greater understanding of human behavior and personalities were brought into perspective; environments are a major aspect of what makes

Three different theorists were considered in this assignment. Two children were used to explore the theories of development by Piaget, Vygotsky and Kohlberg.

While the study of human genes is increasingly improving our understanding of human development, it is not solely our genetic makeup that determines how we will develop. Humans as a species share many universal traits, which make it easy to disregard the large influence the environment plays in development. Throughout the lifespan, the environment presents itself in many different positions that help determine and shape human development. By looking at the influence of the environment and genetics on human development we are able to create a more holistic view of this process and gain a better understanding of the complexities involved within it. Through this comprehensive lens, it is easy to see how probabilistic human development offers the greatest amount of explanation, unlike the predetermined views of genetic influence in the past, and that environmental influence has an extensive impact on human behavior.

In my paper, on child development I will discuss three different points of view on cognitive, physical and emotional development. I will write about the three differences and similarities. I will discuss how they have an impact on the way they help in the development of children. I will explain how important child development is in regards to assisting in a child’s potential. I will show the relationship between the developmental domain and the developmental theory. I will focus on all three domains and how they influence each other.

Genes are segments of DNA passed down from parents to offspring. Genes are responsible for the development of behavioural characteristics. When genetics and the environment contribute to individual variations in human behaviour, the premise is that the inheritance of DNA influences behaviour of genetics. Genes are not only responsible for the behaviour, but it is also the building block so genetics alone does not affect behaviour. With other factors environmental factors also influence the development of an organism. Nature versus nurture is one of the biggest ongoing debates within the world of psychology, however the series of correlational studies show the relationship between the the effect of genetics and/or environment. While many psychologists theorize that genetics somewhat influence human behaviour due to the genes and environmental factor.

According to authors Boyd and Bee "Psychologists use theories to formulate hypothesis, or testable answers, to "why" questions about behavior. At the broadcast level there are three families of theories including psychoanalytic theories, learning theories, and cognitive theories. These theories attempt to provide developmentalists with compressive explanations for just about every fact of human development. Additionally, theories that deal with the biological foundations of development and interactions between these factors and development and interactions between these factors and the environment extend developmentalists ' understanding of age-related changes beyond that provided by three major families of theories. Thus, the most comprehensive explanations of development phenomena often include ideas from the psychoanalytic, learning, and cognitive approaches as well as from biological and contextual theories" (Chapter 2: Theories of Development. Page 27 In The Growing Child)

Theories of child development have been researched and published over the years. These researches have been done by popular theorists four of whom are Piaget (1896 –1980), Vygotsky (1896 –1934), Ausubel (1918 –2008) and Kohlberg (1927 –1987). First and foremost let me define the term theory. A theory is a collection of related statements; the principal function of which is to summarize and explain observations. It is in a sense an invention designed to make sense of what we know or suspect. Developmental theory on the other hand is a systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a coherent framework for understanding how and why people change as they grow older. The writer in her essay will outline two theories of

Of the four major psychological theories (ecological, behavioral, humanistic, psychoanalytic), which one(s) is/are most closely aligned with your personal belief system? All four major Psychological theories are very significant, but based on my reading about all of them, I can convey that the ecological theory is the most closely aligned with my personal belief system.

Over the years genetics has proven to be the fundamental component of human composition; it dictates a person’s hair color or eye color, but does the same apply to our own personality? People like to think that they alone are responsible for the actions they take, but recent studies has proved that, that very sentiment may not be true. Based on the experiment discussed in the article The Minnesota study of twins reared apart it can be concluded that genetic factors also known as genomes account for a vast majority of human characterises. The experiment used twins that have been separated at birth to determine whether or not environmental factors contribute to a person’s personality. According to the study the physiological, personality, psychological interests, and social attitudes were almost identical even though they were raised in different environments. The only characteristics that differentiated were there intelligence. Based on this there are many questions that may arise such as, does our parents genetics really determine our personality or our behaviours? What about where we group up, does that influence our behavior? Or, should we just give up, and say we are genetically programed to think and behave the way we do? What about our intelligence, does that come from our parents? This paper will address those questions and discuss: environmental factors and there relation to personality, the relation

Scientists have been investigating about genetic inheritance and its influence on behavior in humans. A gene is the unit of heredity that is passed on from parent to offspring. These investigations have been conducted because there has been a lot of debate about whether human behavior is more influenced by genetics or the environment. This debate is also called “Nature Vs. Nurture”. Although there is a clear correlation between genetics and behavior, genetic inheritance only has a partial influence due to the environmental factors that also play a role in shaping behavior. This statement can be supported by correlational studies that have been performed by numerous scientists over many years.