theory on terrorist waves emerged. In his article “The Four Waves of Modern Terrorism,” he states that September 11, 2001 is the most destructive day in the long bloody history of terrorism. “The casualties and the economic damage were unprecedented. It could be the most important day too. President Bush declared a “war” to eliminate terror, galvanizing a response that could reshape the international world.”(Rapoport, 2004, pg.46). According to Rapoport, terrorism comes in four waves known as the Anarchist
Terrorism like any other political concepts has encountered various definitions by different scholars and organizations. It has no precise or broadly accepted definition, but to put it in a description way, it would be simply stating terrorism as “a violence or the threat of violence calculated to create an atmosphere of fear and alarm – in a word, to terrorize- and thereby bring about some social or political change” (Rapoport, 2002). Furthermore, the term of terrorism has been defined by the U
Unit VI Article Review Summary The New/Old Terrorism, an article by Jeffery Kaplan (2011) discusses the United States the ramifications to the Terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 on the World Trade Center in New York. The article notes that the use of explosives to accomplish acts of terrorism is nothing new, and looks at the history of terrorism in the world. Kaplan explains rift in academia between Georgetown University professor Bruce Hoffman director of the Center for Peace and Security
Introduction From the 1980s, terrorism has increasingly taken a religious dimension, specifically that of an Islamic one (Hoffman, Rapoport). Islamist terrorism has been extensive on a global scale: starting with the early rise of the Islamist terrorist organizations like Hezbollah, Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and others that were largely focused with Israel, it continued with the more recent entrants like Al Qaeda, a transnational terrorist organization, and the Islamic State of Syria and Levant, now
Modern terrorism, as deduced from this literature, is acts to violence strategically used by secular groups spanning international borders with the aim of achieving a desired outcome. Further, it can be seen as organized activity whose genesis can be traced back to the 1880’s. From then to now there are identifiable traits and patterns observed from different (terrorist) groups which have allowed for the conceptualization of the term modern terrorism. This concept therefore, can be best explained
Terrorism State terrorism occurs when a county’s own government, within its own borders, oppresses its own people, takes away their personal freedoms and instills fear in those it is supposed to protect (Taylor & Swanson, 2016). Adolph Hitler is a prime example of a leader who committed some of the worst acts of state terrorism known to man, killing millions of men, women, and even children during a dark period known as the Holocaust. According to the United States Department of State (USDOS, 2017)
Introduction Terrorism is far from new to nations around the world. Attacks that make the headlines in international news occur almost daily. However, each act of terrorism provides its own goal or objective, which may or may not have a different aim than a previous attack, which makes the threat even more difficult to prevent. Terrorism is a concept that is hard to define, but many government organizations and authors around the world have defined or attempted to provide a definition of terrorism. In spite
The history of terrorism goes back as far as the 11Th century. The Sicarii and the Hashshahin were a group of assassins. The Sicarii were thought to be followers of Judas of Galillee that operated within Jerusalem. Their tactics included "selective, symbolic assassinations; more general assassination along with destruction or plundering of the property of the wealthy and powerful; and kidnapping" (Horsley 1979,439). The Hashshashin or "assassins" were secretive set emerging around the 11Th century
Throughout the 1990’s terrorism became more and more widely used as a means for achieving political ends. By the 2000’s, bin Laden had directed various attacks against the U.S. through the al-Qaeda terror network, including the 1993 World Trade Center bombing and the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings in Africa (Mulhausen). On September 11th, 2001 things would change, Bin Laden would strike on United States soil. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four separate planes and crashed them into World Trade Center one
shows there has been a majority opinion that religion is the cause of recent suicide-terrorist attack around the world. In the wake of recent terrorist attacks, Western culture has jumped to an easy and apparent conclusion that seeking to eliminate terrorism means realizing the motivations of the terrorists. The perpetrators of most of these terrorist attack, have all claimed motivation from their religion. However, religious beliefs and opinions plays a significant role in the lives of individuals as