The Five Personality Traits Definitions

Personality theories, or models, are metaphors for describing something which is intrinsically indescribable, the human personality. Currently, one of the most popular approaches among psychologists for studying personality theory is the Five-Factor Model (FFM) or Big Five dimensions of personality. This essay will explore the 'Big Five ' personality constructs and seek to explain how useful they are to understanding how people are likely to perform in a work situation. In conclusion, this essay will also discuss some of the arguments against the relevance and accuracy of personality testing within the employment context.

The five-factor model (FFM) is a contemporary construct describing personality. It incorporates five traits – openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism also referred to as OCEAN. Within each dimension, there are specific personality attributes, for example, openness includes subcategories of feelings and actions. The FFM was influenced by Cattell’s 16-factor model (1957) and shares traits with many other personality theories such as Eysenck’s PEN model. There has been an ongoing debate discussing how many factors appropriately represent the brain structure of personality, suggestions have varied from 2-7, recently Almagor et al. (1995) advocated that a 7-factor model unfolds when evaluative traits are involved. Costa & Mcrae (1992) claim that the FFM is the best theory of personality, however, the model has received much criticism. Through examining different aspects of the model its credibility can be explored.

Neuroticism, agreeableness, extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness are the five personality traits that make up the big five traits. Everyone in the world has theses traits in their personality but have a variation in how strong they are in them. After learning in greater detail about the two ends of the spectrums people can be at or in between we took the BFI to find out where we are on the bell curve for the big five traits. Then we compared our scores with four hundred and fifty-nine other female Luther students to determine our percentiles in the BFI traits. In emotional stability (ES), I ranked in the thirtieth percentile. Since the big five uses neuroticism (N) which is the opposite of emotional stability I scored in the seventieth percentile for N. One with this personality usually experiences lots of negative effects, and is more prone to having irrational ideas, less able to cope well to stress, and control their impulses. Second in the big five traits is agreeableness (A), my percentile for this is in the fifth percentile. People in the middle of the bell curve do not lean one way or another but use a combination of the two spectrums. A person high in A is sympathetic to others and eager to lend them a helping hand. Compared to someone on the opposite side of the bell curve who is egocentric, skeptical of others intentions, and competitive rather than cooperative. Additionally, one low in A are usually science minded and will follow the data shown.

DeFruyt, F., Feys, M. & Wille, B., (2013). Big five traits and intrinsic success in the new

This study “Differences in Five Factor Model Personality Traits in an Elderly Cohort: Extension of Robust and Surprising Findings to an Older”. The study use a method of self-report, but also using past report from previous studies done over the sex differences in the big five factor model. Some of the self-report questionnaires they had used had been used/back up by other studies; some of which had been used in over 50 countries. This study used Goodwin and Gotlib (2004) replicated the neuroticism and agreeableness which used a brief trait-adjective measure of the lexical big five. This suggest the gender differences that are found do not fully come from this single study (Chapman, B. P., Duberstein, P. R., Sörensen, S., & Lyness,

I already knew before seeing the final results of the collages that my description of myself would differ from my partner’s portrayal of me. No matter who I had chosen to do it, I knew the final product would end with positive traits on their collage, and negative traits on my own. I am my worst critic, and am sometimes very blind to the good impressions I leave on other people. I do see a few of the same words between the two collages, as well as some general key themes I can make out between the two. I also notice my self criticism is very apparent, even from the other person’s point of view. I chose my mother to make the other half of the collage for me. So, obviously there is going to be a bit of a bias towards my good qualities rather

A lot of research has been done regarding gender differences in personality traits; which have given observable differences in previous research done on different levels of traits. This study addresses the gender differences in the levels of neuroticism and agreeableness in New Zealand. Results show that there are significant differences between the levels of neuroticism and agreeableness in males and females with women having higher levels in both traits.

This is a literary review of articles that primarily focused on the Big Five personality trait known as neuroticism or emotional instability, and its relation to social media. Social media has become significantly integrated into the daily lives of people across the world. Social media connects people to friends and family, former acquaintances, colleagues, and fellow professionals in the work arena. Major businesses and organizations use social media to create awareness about their products, brand, or causes they represent, and also use it as a means to connect directly with current followers or consumers of their brand. Individuals however use social media as a platform of personal expression and connection to potential friendly or romantic

Aziz, S., & Tronzo, C. L. (2011). EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORKAHOLISM FACETS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS: A REPLICATION IN AMERICAN WORKERS. Psychological Record, 61(2), 269-285.

The world encompasses approximately seven billion people, each having their own personality, unique to themselves. A thesis, referred to as the Big Five Model, presents the idea that there are five basic personalities, in which everyone demonstrates traits relating to each of these. Writing the Big Five Personality test can result in accurate predictions of how people will act in the workplace. The first of the five is named extraversion. To be high on extraversion is to be confident, secure and social. Extroverts are usually content with their careers and their lives as well. They thrive in jobs that involve social interaction as they tend to be socially dominant in all the environments they are found in. The

The Big 5 personality trait model includes Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion (sometimes also referred to as Extroversion), Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (sometimes seen as Stability). There have been many attempts to classify most traits found in people by providing research backing a specific school of thought for gathering data into prioritized or separate groups. To do the research, scientist and psychologists need a way to gather this information. The most common way to gather data to compare is by using personality tests that have been created. These include two different kinds of tests: Objective and Projective.

This research paper will set out to understand how personality traits change in early and middle adulthood by examining the Big Five personality trait dimensions (Goldberg, 1992; John & Srivastava, 1999; McCrae & Costa, 1999). It will be particularly interesting examining whether change on all of the Big Five dimensions stops or slows in middle adulthood, as predicted by the five-factor theory, or whether change is ongoing and differentiated, as predicted by contextualist theories. Subtle observable differences exist between male and female brains, but how exactly these relate to differences in behavior is unknown but will be explored in this paper.

Analyses shows that personality changes throughout life as different personality traits are used and forgotten. The results are generalized and don’t always apply to people but typically the results are correct.

There are many people who live in Chicago that I haven’t met yet. I see many of them on my way to school or on my way to work. Every day I pass by them on the train or just crossing the street. Each one of those people that I do come across have their own experiences in life and most of all they all have their own personality traits. The many different sets of personality traits are what defines who you are. When you want to describe someone, you describe them based on their personality. There are many different types of traits that define personality. The three I believe that most define me are extraversion, openness to experience and high need for affiliation.

The notion of personality can be defined as a specific set of organised characteristics that influence a person’s everyday actions. These actions are guided by different motives and cognitive processes causing the large range of behaviours in a person. Each person’s characteristics are unique and come together to create an individual personal identity (Burger, 2011). Therefore a personality is subjective to each individual person, it is these unique characteristics that make it so. Characteristics such as likes and dislikes, fear and strengths and weaknesses are what create the individual personality that is seen by others (D. Schultz and P. Schultz, 2005). It is an important endeavour to discern where these characteristics are derived from, the question whether or not a personality is the product of free will has many relevant explorations. Free will in personality would suggest that a person has a free choice over how their aforementioned personality characteristics may turn out (Maslow, 1943). This idea that a person can determine their personality through a series of life choices directly contravenes the idea of a pre-determined personality that is shaped by biology and life events, called determinism (Skinner, 1957). Determinism is championed by Sigmund Freud in his psychodynamic theory (Freud, 1912), although it will not be the focus of this essay, despite Freud’s theories constituting as part of the main crux of the latter part. In order to address the question