THE FOCAL LENGTH OF SPHERICAL MIRRORS
Section 1: The Focal length of a concave mirror
Section 2: The focal length of a convex mirror
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I.D: 201100635
24 Oct. 11
Section 1: To determine the focal length of a Concave Mirror by locating the centre of curvature.
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ABSTRACT:
In this paper we want to discuss the focal point of a concave mirror by locating the centre of curvature. The focal point is a point in space at which light incident towards the mirror and travelling parallel to the principal axis will meet after reflection. The diagram at the right depicts this principle. In fact, if some light from the sun were collected by a concave mirror, then it would converge at the focal
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In the diagram I have drawn I’ve had to exaggerate the shape of the mirror a bit to be able to use it in some of the diagrams later on, but you should be able to get the basic idea. Like a regular circle, the distance from the centre to the surface of the mirror is the radius.
Focus or Focal Point (F)
If an object was infinitely far away from the mirror, the light from it would converge on this one point. In the diagrams we are doing we will mostly be looking at how some light rays pass through (or appear to pass through) this focal point. The focal point is exactly in between the mirror and the centre. Since the distance between the centre and the mirror is the radius, the distance from the focal point to the mirror is half of the radius.
Principle Axis
The blue line is the principle axis, a line that we will use as a reference point in our diagrams. It passes through the centre and is perpendicular to the surface of the mirror. (White, 1999)
There are two main rules we need to use to figure out where the image of the object will appear. All of the rules involve what a ray will do when leaves the object.
Rule #1: Any ray through the focal point will reflect parallel to the principle axis (Figure 2).
Light reflects off objects at all sorts of angles, and if it will help us to find where an image is, we might as well assume one ray goes right through the focus.
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In between the prism and the mirror is the focusing screen. Behind the prism is the viewfinder through which the photographer sees the light. When we see through the viewfinder and when you try to focus we see little squares with red light blinking so these are actually imprinted on the focusing screen. Now let us look at the light path inside the camera.
surface of a glass. With concave mirrors, the reflection would appear to be out in front of a
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This view is reflected most directly
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All this confusion is caused by an optic illusion created by the mirrors making the image to be repeated
The goal in this experiment is to determine the magnification and focal point when it came to using convex and concave lenses. The meaning of a focal point from the lens is when as the light is directly hitting the lens, whether it is concave or convex, it creates an image where the light rays are altered by the lens. As they are altered by the direction, one is able to see if the light rays converge or diverge. A converging lens consists of the light rays that are considered to be positive because of the focal length. And diverging lens is considered to be negative because of the focal length as well. When the light converges, it consists of the lights rays that meet at a focal point, which will then bounce off to different directions. To where the light meets at a focal point it is known as the term real. When the light diverges, the rays spread out in different directions as they pass through the lens. To where the light rays diverge, the exact point is known as virtual. With this data in hand, it is very crucial to use these terms in order to visualize and see exactly what is going on when the light passes through the lenses. In theory, convex lenses are to purposely to have the light rays to meet at a focal point. An example would be when one would use a magnifying glass using the sun light rays, which contains heat energy, which is then used to use the focal point to heat up an object. For a diverging lens, the theory behind it consists of the image being spread out