The Following Chapter Discusses Background Information

Besides the army, UAVs become more commonly used for civilian purposes. Drones with artificial intelligence can provide surveillance videos and aerial data from different places and heights. Furthermore, they can make a report on any activity from the air. It opens new horizons in building industry. Companies can use drones for making aerial pictures and analyzing data about the constructing process. The start up Kespry already uses UAVs for earthworks projects, mine planning. It also assists insurance firms. The drones

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), or drones, have transitioned from primarily military applications to use in the private sector; being used to film movies, delivering packages for Amazon, and even personal entertainment. Because of the advancement in drone

The Wright Brothers invented the airplane doesn't begin to describe their many accomplishments. The brothers craft was the first that could be controlled while in air but, the first fixed-wing aircraft was a kite on a stick. The very first successful Aircraft was the “1902 Wright Glider”. Every successful aircraft ever built since, beginning with the 1902 Wright gliders had controls to roll the wings right or left, pitch the nose up or down, and yaw the nose

If you have been paying attention, one of the latest crazes in advertisement is aerial videography. At first, you many wonder how they would get helicopters into such a tight places to acquire the footage you are viewing. Well, it’s not a helicopter that is being utilized; it’s a Quad Copter Drone. These unique remote controlled devices are taking the world by storm, being utilized as everything from a hobby to an intricate aerial photography and videography tool for businesses,

Throughout 20th century, two pioneering aviators and inventors, Orville and Wilbur Wright, turned human’s dream of flying into a reality. Although they were not the first to build and fly an aircraft, the Wright brothers made, the world's first power-driven heavier-than-air machine and aircraft that could be controlled while in the air. Before aircraft was invented, human tried to imitate bird’s posture to fly across the sky by building ornithopters, which was a designed to fly by flapping its wings. Therefore, Wright Brothers’ invention shaped our culture and changed the way we view our world .

Drones are being propelled to the forefront of many business’ operations. Currently with conservative regulations of the FAA many drones are being used solely for advertisement purposes. However, the FAA regulations are changing and becoming increasingly favorable to commercial drones, and with that comes the chance for companies to find innovative new ways to uses drones to cut costs and increase

Even though the design of the modern helicopter was not perfected until the late 1930s, it is arguably one of the earliest ideas for achieving flight, predating the concept of the glider by perhaps as much as two thousand years. Inspired by the flight of birds, even ancient humans dreampt of soaring at high speeds, stopping on a dime, and hovering in place, much like a

The exercise requires superior features that enable the UAVs to access the locations that regular drones cannot. Unlike the regular spaces, the confined spaces require special drones and software. Although, the construction may differ from one application to the other, the technology should provide a means of controlling the drone beyond the line of sight since the confined spaces may be in hidden locations. Further, the drones must have collision tolerant features in order to effectively move around without getting stuck or components crashing into objects.

The following one is a flapping wing UAV design and has been flew successfully in actual, which is designed by DeLaurier et al. [26]. Similar to the others, this mechanism converts rotation to translation. The working procedure is a motor connected with a system of gears by conveyer belts. While the motor is running, the mechanism is driven in an up and down motion and transport the motion to two parallel posts. The output of the two posts is converted to a centre section of wing which is connected to both wings in a hinge. Frequencies in the range of 3-5 Hz have been discovered in this mechanism [26].

With quadcopters, the operational hours are increased as compared to normal aerial vehicles as pilots of quadcopters do not need to handle G-forces.

Some of the earliest attempts at flying required an excess of manpower. Leonardo da Vinci is credited to be the first to design basic flying machines called ornithopters, that gave man mechanical wings. Through a system of pulleys the wings could be moved imitating bird’s flight but ultimately was unsuccessful as a human being lacks the power necessary to keep these contraptions in the air. [1]

Throughout the history of mankind, the greatest inventors were the few who paved their own roads to success and thought outside the box. Orville and Wilbur Wright were no exceptions to this. In their quest for manned mechanical flight these two men would shock the world of flight with their new provoking ideas. The wright brothers would go on to design the first sustainable automated craft. The Wright brothers were arguably the greatest innovators of the 20th century and would go on to transform man’s dream of flying and have a long-lasting effect on flying machines a

Unmanned Aircraft Systems are constantly evolving. The latest developments in UAS include features that can be abused by operators, such as anti-drone technologies, or that can increase the risk of accidents and unsafe incidents. This area of UAS use is expected to evolve for the foreseeable future.

Being that directional control of the drone is accomplished through the communication of two distinct cellphones on a populated network, there is a delay encountered because of the TDM method of communication. Rotor based UAV’s have six degrees of freedom: three translational and three rotational. Control of those degrees is only accomplished through changing speed in the four independent rotor motors. In robotics and control theory, this is referred to as under-actuation, meaning the system dynamics are nonlinear and thus extremely challenging for a human to control [16]. Disrupting airflows caused by wind and other factors exponentially increase the level of difficulty for complete human control. An instability not timely controlled tends toward an unrecoverable flight. Therefore, a stabilization control algorithm is required to act real time from onboard embedded hardware.

Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) are a class of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs), significantly smaller than typical UAVs. UAVs are aircrafts without human pilot aboard. These are controlled either automatically by on board computers or through remote control by a pilot on the ground [3]. The modern aircrafts can be as small as 20 centimeters. The design features and the configurations of MAVs are different from that of normal aircrafts. The speeds of MAVs are very low and the size is less than 30 cm in length, width or height. With the development and comfort of electronics, smaller aircrafts, which can perform various tasks that were previously performed by manned aircrafts or larger UAVs, have been possible. Commercially off shelf components like motor, propeller, ESC, servo motor, battery, autopilot, data modem, camera (Payload), video Transmitter are tested and trained for performance and is then integrated with MAVs for autonomous flight operations as shown in Figure 1.1 [4].