The Food And Drug Administration

Institutional Powers have always affected my life in many ways. The main institutional power that control both positive and negative consequences of my life would be the FDA the Food and Drug Administration. The first way they control my life is they regulate all human and veterinary drugs in our country. Second, the FDA is responsible for protecting the public health and products. Lastly, they supply and control the entire United States Food supply. I believe that this specific governmental institutional power is 100% the authority over my life. The FDA needs to care more about the general health of the public and take into consideration how they play a major factor in the health of our bodies, minds, and environment as well.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is best known for its role on protecting the health of the public by making sure that food, medications are safe and effective. Especially when it comes to the pharmaceutical industry, its mission is to regulate pharmaceutical manufacturers, as well as the drug approval process. However, in the recent years, many arguments and controversy regarding drug development and regulation have risen. Drug advertisements make false and misleading claims, products are being put out on the market without any proof of safety, causing many unwanted incidents such as the Avandia incident and Vioxx incident, which could have been prevented in the first place.

Food and drug administration is a department of U.S health and human services. It’s responsibility is to test the safety and efficacy of new drugs entering the market as well as to make sure that these medicines are quickly accessible to people. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act has been passed in 1938 to ensure that foods other than meat, poultry and fish are clinically hygienic and safe to eat. This act also requires that the food should be labelled according to its content. (FDA.org) Drugs and tobacco are also regulated by FDA and in 1996, FDA strictly regulated the use of tobacco products like nicotine, cigarettes and smokeless tobacco, by children and adolescents because of the increase in diseases prevalence and tobacco addiction. Annually 40000 deaths are attributable to its use and most of them are of premature. Therefore the goal of FDA is to stop the tobacco addiction by minors and prevent the deaths and diseases due to nicotine addiction. (FDA vs Brown, n.d) This essay will cover the food and drug administration’s role in under and over regulating drugs and medicines and how it effects our economy, health care system and patients health and safety.

To understand when, how and who began the Food and Drug Administration, one must trace it back to 1848 and to a man named Lewis Caleb Beck. In 1848, Beck was appointed to the Patent Office, to perform chemical analyses of agricultural products; later this function was passed on to the Department of Agriculture in 1862, which was the beginning of the Bureau of Chemistry, the predecessor of the Food and Drug Administration. In 1930, the Bureau of Chemistry changed its name to FDA, and today it serves under the Department of Health and Human Services. In 1883, Dr. Harvey W. Wiley became the chief chemist at the Bureau and he immediately increased the food adulteration studies; which was the beginning of an uphill battle for law changes in the

In 2008, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of Moxatag, a once daily extended release formulation of amoxicillin, for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. The clinical study results indicated that Moxatag was as safe and effective as penicillin V, the first drug of choice for the treatment of pharyngitis (Infectious Disease Society of America, 2013). Moxatag is the only once daily medication FDA approved for the treatment of pharyngitis. The manufacturer claims that once daily dosing will improve compliance, thus improving patient outcomes. Moxatag is very expensive relative to immediate release penicillin. Price comparisons found a difference of 144 dollars between Moxatag and the next equivalent medication. There are equivalent alternative medications, although these medications have their own drawbacks, being off label, intramuscular injectable or increased doses per day. Also, on August 25, 2014 it was announced that a generic for Moxatag is being produced (Fera, 2014), which will introduce a lower cost once daily alternative. Once this medication is introduced, it may offer a better option than the current alternatives to Moxatag. For the time being, however, I believe that with good prescribing practices, these current alternatives are effective and significantly less expensive, which make Moxatag unnecessary to prescribe.

The FDA plays a very prominent role in everyone’s lives whether people realize it or not. The role of the Food and Drug Administration is to put regulations in place in order to keep the population safe from disease, like ones that come from contamination of meat in slaughterhouses. The problem of contamination of meat often originates from a lack of cleanliness in slaughterhouses and stockyards, which is something that stockyards and slaughterhouses lacked much of in the book Devil in the White City.

A federal agency is an administrative division within the federal government to serve specifically assigned purposes across executive departments. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), serves as a federal agency to The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The goal of the HHS is to protect the health of all American citizens and provide essential human services. To further the protection of public health, the FDA was created to protect and promote public health through regulation and supervision offood safety, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription and over-the counter pharmaceuticals, vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices, cosmetics, animal foods & feed and veterinary products.

United States spending on healthcare amounted to $2.9 trillion in 2013. This cost breaks down to $9,255 per person

Chapter IV explains that not everyone in the healthcare profession is permitted to dispense medicine without a physician order, there are regulations and precautions that must be observed in order to prevent misunderstandings. It is very important to see out any situations that the patient may have that prevents them from healthcare whether it is transportation, medicine allergies or disabilities. According to a U.S Food and Drug Administration article, a medication error is "any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer. Such events may be related to professional practice, health care products, procedures,

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) audits clinical-trial information for new medications and figures out if the advantages of these medications exceed the risks.1 This necessity, enacted in 1962,2raised the bar to regard and diminished the probability that new medications would be inadequate or reason significant wellbeing issues. Growing such information about investigational medications requires some serious energy for the evaluation of items that at last end up being sheltered and compelling. Such a period slack can be an issue if elective medications for the condition are not accessible. The FDA hence added to an arrangement of extended access to allow patients with genuine conditions to get investigational medications before formal

I completely agree with your opinions. Supplements should not be the one that people depend on to lose weight or simply to stay healthy. It is important to consider the process of weight-loss as you mentioned because losing weight unnaturally can affect one’s health negatively. Moreover, the product seems dishonest because the medical establishment does not want to reveal the formula. I hope that Food and Drug Administration will find a way to remove those kinds of unethical products from the marketplace in the near future.

The factors include the amount of calories and taste. The brand name is secondary to the two. The company’s new brands have addressed consumer preferences in terms of taste and minimized calories. However, consumers never understood the changes in the new brands. The sustained market share is mainly due to the traditional brand image, as opposed to the new changes in the new brands. Most consumers perceive the new brands as absolutely new products. Consequently, besides meeting the customers preference needs, the company has to strategize to ensure customers are well informed about the new brands.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2008, 'FDA Public Health Notification: Serious Complications Associated with Transvaginal Placement of Surgical Mesh in Repair of Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Stress Urinary Incontinence ' U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, updated 2015, viewed 13 January 2016, .

One of the risks for following an observed consumer trend, like LOHAS, is the change in company’s production activities. According to the case, “… LOHAS, a market segment that strived for a healthier lifestyle and environment…The movement started as a ripple that spread to other consumers, who started demanding to know the origin of the food…” (University of Virginia, 2013, p.2). This new trend has driven the company into researching for new products or improving the quality of current products in order to meet the consumers’ preferences. Another risk that company faces is the ability to compete with competitors in the same the market segment. Being able to come up with better products does not guarantee a positive outcome. As PepsiCo’s CEO pointed out, “… customers were sending mixed messages. They claimed they wanted to eat healthier snacks and lost weight, yet Lay’s ‘Smart Spot’ products didn’t sell as well as its core chip products” (University

In recent years, the fast-food industry has been facing significant challenges due to the increase in the consumer awareness on the production process and health concerns. The consumer awareness on health factors and the marketers detecting the possibility of change in the consumer taste have led the firms to expand their product lines in drinks & more healthy foods (Schlosser, 2001). In other words, the industry is fighting saturation by creating a much more diverse variety of offerings.