The Food Enters The Digestive System Via The Mouth Or Oral Cavity

The digestive system absorbs the minerals and nutrients from the foods that have been eaten. The break down of food beings in the mouth, where the

Digestion starts in mouth and it is going through several steps. Teeth which are a Mechanical digestion start tearing and crushing the food down into small pieces so that the food will smoothly run down our throat. The salivary glands are located underneath the back of our tongues and that’s what is creating our saliva. The saliva is the Chemical Digestion is helping soften the food in the mouth so it is easy to swallow. Also saliva is the first out of several chemicals that is breaking the food into smaller bits. The tongue is the muscle that works with the food and saliva to form something similar to balls that can be swallowed. Also tongue contains taste buds so that we know if the food is salt, sweet, sour or bitter. Esophangus is a simple transportation tube that is joining the throat with stomach. When swallowing we are closing a trap door in our throats called the epiglottis. By closing this trap we are preventing the food prom going to trachea and into our lungs. Also Food moves down the esophangus using muscles not gravity. Stomach is the first stop after the Esophangus. When the food gets into stomach the stomach uses chemicals to try to make the food smaller. These chemicals are called gastric juices and they include hydrochloric acid and enzymes. (Enzymes are

5. Explain why proteases are secreted in an inactive state and describe the means by which proteases are activated in the stomach and small intestine. – The enzymes protease, amylase and lipase, are potent enzymes that are capable of digesting the pancreatic cells- a process called autodigestion. To protect themselves from autodigestion in case the digestive enzymes accidentally get turned on, pancreatic cells produce enzymes in inactive form called zymogens, which are stored in membrane-bound sacks called zymogen granules. Enteropeptidase (also called enterokinase) is an enzyme produced by cells of the duodenum

But protease is important in terms breaking down complex protein into amino acids (1). The food travels down through the esophagus into the stomach. The stomach plays an important role since it break down proteins with hydrochloric acid and protease. In class, we learned that the strong acid will help break down the peptide bond into amino acids while the protease speeds up and perform hydrolysis of the peptide bond of the proteins. The protein will break down into simpler amino acids. The food content in the stomach will eventually become chyme in which it is a thick, liquified digested food that will travel through small and large intestine (2). As the food travels through the small intestine, the muscular wall moves the food and absorbs the nutrients through the wall into the bloodstreams. The amino acids will be available for cell to build to whatever the body requires.

What enzymes act inside the small intestine and what are the functions of these enzymes?

Teeth begin digestion mechanically, Chewing (“mastication”) breaks apart food, 2 sets of teeth, and the teeth are, Incisors for cutting, Canines “fangs” for tearing, and Premolars and molars for grinding

We start with the mouth, in the feature, I am chewing on a bit of bread from a sandwich, the sandwich softens up two distinct ways, mechanical and concoction absorption. Mechanically, teeth are utilized to bite sustenance into little pieces and blend it with salivation with the tongue's assistance. The tongue then sends this pounded up sandwich down the throat to the stomach. Synthetically, Salivary organs in the mouth produce spit, containing the protein amylase to separate starch, is blended with sustenance, making it gentler and smoother prepared for its adventure down to the stomach.

The digestive system is very important in digesting food and breaking it down so it can be digested easily. The digestive system turns food into energy. Throughout the process there are nutrients which are absorbed. There are many things that contributed to the digestive system such as the mouth which produces saliva which helps to break down food and nutrients such as carbohydrates with the help of an enzyme called amylase. The major food groups which are called macro nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins and fats. All of these nutrients play an important role in the body. There are also many micro-nutrients which include vitamins and minerals which provide the body with health and well-being. The digestive system is made up of the mouth, which includes the teeth (the teeth are used to cut and grind food into smaller pieces, they contain blood vessels and nerves), tongue (the tongue is a muscle that has a rough surface including the taste buds), salvia glands (they produce salvia which moistens the food to make is easier to digest), the pharynx (this helps the food travel to the stomach, the pharynx also plays an important role in the respiratory system. It also contains 2 different flaps to separate the 2 functions), esophagus (this connects the pharynx to the stomach and transports chewed food to the stomach), stomach (this is a muscle that is

The esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach, where the process continues. The stomach holds food while it is being mixed with enzymes. The small intestines release nutrients from the broken down food. These nutrients fuel the body and make it

The stomach is an expandable muscular sac that is capable of holding 2-4 liters of food and liquids and breaks them down with the use of pepsinogen, an inactive form pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme. If the stomach was damaged or dysfunctional, then it would be harder to gradually release food into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption and to digest the food because it is not as small or digested because the stomach also assists in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of the food as well as the killing of harmful bacteria due to the high acidic environment due to the hydrochloric acid. (Audesirk, T., & Audesirk, G. (1999). Retrieved November 21, 2015 from Chapter 29: Nutrition and Digestion. In Biology:

Digestion occurs mainly in the gut, formally known as the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Organs in the GI system include the stomach, small and large intestines as well as accessory organs such as the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. Accessory organs are known to provide secretions into the GI tract. These secretions include digestive juices that enter the gut by glands, including salivary glands, gastric glands in the stomach wall, pancreas and wall of the small intestine. Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach and helps gastric motility (Dimaline and Varro, 2014). It is important due to acid production in the stomach for dissolving and digesting some foods and is essential for normal cell growth in the stomach lining, walls of small intestine and colon.

Pepsin is an enzyme in the stomach that breaks down proteins. Theodor Schwann, German physiologist first recognized pepsin in the year 1836. Pepsinogen is a protein that is formed and held in glands of the stomachs lining. When pepsin is secreted into the stomach it mixes itself with hydrochloric acid and creates pepsin. The intestine depletes the pepsin’s acidity, so it will not travel through the lining of other organs. Proteins are partially broken in the digestive tract into peptides so they can enter into the bloodstream. Proteins which are not absorbed into the bloodstream are broken down further by pancreatic enzymes. Only limited amounts of pepsin access the bloodstream to further break down proteins. Laryngeal mucosa damage is caused

The pharynx acts as a passageway for food, fluids, and air. The esophagus is a muscular tube that carries food to the stomach. The stomach is a temporary “storage tank” where chemical breakdown of proteins begins by using pepsin and HCl. Absorption is also taken place in the stomach because the stomach can absorb a few fat-soluble substances such as aspirin, alcohol and some drugs. The small intestine is the body’s major digestive organ and within its passageways, digestion is completed and virtually all absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (also vitamins, electrolytes, and water are absorbed). The large intestine digests remaining food residues by using enteric bacteria. The large intestine also absorbs most of the remaining water electrolytes (mostly NaCl) and vitamins produced by bacteria, propels feces toward rectum by haustral churning and mass movements and defecates. The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract (ingestion) as food is voluntarily placed into oral cavity. Salivary amylase in saliva produced by salivary glands begins chemical breakdown of starch. Lipase begins chemical breakdown of lipids. The bolus then goes to the pharynx which is also known as the throat where deglutition(swallowing) occurs. During deglutition in the pharynx there is a flexible flap of elastic cartilage that’s function is to keep food out of

Digestion is the chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that are more easily absorbed. Digestion is a form of catabolism: a breakdown of large food molecules to smaller ones. When food enters into stomach, gastric juice starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin. The pH value of hydrochloric in the stomach is 2, as the activity of pepsin is optimal, while it will lose its activity at pH 6.5 and above. However, pepsin will regain its activity at pH of 8. In the range of pH1 to pH6.5, pepsin will be most active at pH2, and starts to decrease its

You use your mouth to chew your food, causing it to break down in pieces hence using the process of mechanical digestion, and you also use your mouth to form an enzyme known as amylase, or saliva which breaks down your food chemically, for instance when your saliva touches the bread from your sandwich it begins to form into sugars. Incase you did not know “enzymes are chemicals that are used to break down foods into other chemicals”. Saliva can also help you swallow the food by lubricating and “breaking down the complex carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates.”