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Childbirth is one of the greatest privileges on the earth anyone could have and we, as women, should feel proud to be major contributors for it. Thus, a mother has to play a key role in aiding the healthcare workers to mitigate the health crisis associated with childbirth by performing her duties faithfully. One such associated health crisis is “Premature (preterm) birth” which occurs when the baby is born too early, before 37 weeks of gestational period (CDC, 2015). The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born across 184 countries (WHO, 2015).

The writer explained there could be no concern for fetal or maternal health during the delivery although some obstetricians tended to induce labor in all diabetic mothers to protect babies and mothers. Moreover, labor progress was supposedly assessed by old-fashioned methods, which resulted in performing unnecessary obstetrical practices. Intervention was imposed in cases of inaccurately labeled slow or abnormal labors and failures to progress. It is common practice that a primary cesarean generally produces subsequent surgical deliveries. The author realized that cesareans were performed because of insufficient data on laboring women’s

Randomization was used to generate what patient went to which group. The way the patients were chosen eliminated bias because “Randomization was performed according to a computer-generated list by means of sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes which revealed the allocation of the subject to either induction or expectant management”(Nielsen et al. p. 60). This secure randomization added a great strength to the study. The sample size seemed fairly large, 226 patients were split into 116 for elective induction and 110 to expectant management, although the power analysis was disclosed in this study and determined that 600 patients were required. Only 226 patients were used and because it would take 4 years to reach the required amount of patients, the study was discontinued. This was both a strength and weakness because disclosing this information made the study more honest but the quota needed to reach the best answers was not attained. The study for the 226 patients was pretty standard with the 80% power and alpha at 0.05. T-test and chi square tests were used to compare the proportions between the groups of people. The women were chosen based on the inclusion criteria of being 39 weeks gestation or older, maternal age of more than 17, fetal cephalic presentation, singleton gestation, a candidate for vaginal delivery, and a Bishop score of 5 or greater in nulliparous women and 4 or greater for multiparous women. This inclusion criterion was a concern because both nulliparous women and multiparous women were being tested together. This was a weakness because the labor patterns of a nulliparous woman compared to a multiparous woman are very variable and sure to distort study data. It was also disclosed how gestational age was achieved which included the crown rump test measured in 6-12

In the past, in the United States the majority of women delivered at home with no anesthetics; women might have received assistance through a family doctor, including midwife care (Thomas, 2011). A radical change happened by the 1960s, when hospital childbirths had become the norm, the pain of the experience was reduced by epidural anesthesia controlled by a physician. Pregnant women received education on breastfeeding and other topics during their medical visits (Thomas, 2011).

A catalyst for unplanned cesarean deliveries are inappropriate elective inductions. Being that the direct consequence of inappropriate elective induction is a cesarean delivery, a change must occur in the elective induction process. In order to decrease cesarean delivery rates, the rates of inappropriate elective induction must be decreased. This

Healthy childbirth is defined as a safe, natural process that rarely requires medical intervention (Goer & Romano, 2012). The medical model of care, however, often includes interventions that are not supported by the evidence and can increase a woman’s risk of having a cesarean section. These intrusions into labor and birth often lead to what has been called the “cascade of interventions” (DeClercq, Sakala, Corry,

Delivering a baby at 40 weeks gestation is optimal for mother and for baby. Spontaneous deliveries decrease the incidence of maternal and/or fetal complications (Bingham, Ruhl, & Cockey, 2013). Exploring ways to decrease elective deliveries that are not medically necessary in the current obstetric clinic setting is the point of interest. An important step in the reduction of non-medically necessary inductions is to develop and implement standardized protocols that can be used by all providers in any setting. The use of a standardized guideline offers advanced practice nurses (APN), certified nurse midwives (CNM), physicians and other providers a document to reference when scheduling induction procedures for patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for induction of labor (World Health Organization [WHO], 2011) provides guidance and offers specific instances of induction, methods used to induce, management of complications and safe settings for induction. The purpose of this paper is to appraise an existing guideline to determine if the guideline might be used in the current obstetric clinic as it is written or if the guideline needs modifications.

Many people enjoy the idea of planning events before they happen. Whether it’s going on vacation, getting family together for the holidays or planning the arrival of a newborn child;. The natural way for a baby to be born is through the mother’s birth canal and vagina. But, sometimes vaginal birth isn’t possible. More than ever, woman are opting to schedule childbirth electively, even though there can be serious risks and implications involved. Many who choose an elective childbirth, do have a legitimate reason as to why they made that decision. Center for Disease Control and Prevention recently reported that, “cesarean deliveries reached a record high of 32.9 percent” out of all births in the United States (National Center for

The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that Induction of labour should be offered to women when it is considered safer to deliver the baby for either, the baby, the mother, or both, rather than proceed with the pregnancy until spontaneous delivery. WHO specify there should also be an absence of contraindications for vaginal delivery and there should be no indication for a caesarean section (The World Health Organisation, 2011). This is supported by The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines, (2008) for IOL, which endorse that women should be offered induction after 41 weeks between 41+0 and 42+0 weeks to avoid the risks of post-term pregnancy such as intrauterine fetal death (RCOG,2008; NICE, 2008). Yelikar (2007) suggests that post-term pregnancy is a pregnancy that is greater in length then 294 days from the last menstrual period or where it has progressed passed the expected date of delivery (EDD). It can also be referred to as prolonged pregnancy, post-maturity or post-date pregnancy (Yelikar, 2007)

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Not too long ago, the term Cesarean Section would strike fear into the heart's of expecting mothers because of the number of risks involved with the surgery and not to mention the ghastly scar it leaves behind. Today, however, physicians give their patients the option to go through with natural delivery or chose a natural delivery. This may be due to the increase in celebrity trends or because women are having babies later in life and advanced maternal age comes into play when making the decision. Regardless of the increase of this type of delivery, one thing remains true, it is surgery and the

The United States Center for Disease Control recommends deferrals for several group of people based on various criteria. One of the group subjected to a deferral are men who have sex with men, referred to hereafter as MSM, and women who have sex with MSM. In November of 2014, a twelve-month deferral period replaced a lifetime ban on MSM donating blood. The basis for these deferral policies is preventing the spread of infectious diseases, particularly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), through blood transfusions. While the goal of the policy is well-intentioned, it possesses serious flaws and shortcomings.

As medicine has advanced greatly over the centuries, a large amount of people across the globe would suggest that a baby should be delivered in a hospital setting. A hospital birth has many, if not the most, positive aspects to its approach. As far as experience, knowledge, accessibility, and safety goes it is top notch. It takes twelve years to become an Obstetrician after graduating high school. At this point in time, one has learned and gained immense wisdom and knowledge about the human body studying the course of pre-medicine and medicine. Not only has an Obstetrician gained educational knowledge

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have a non-stop job of protecting people in our country. They are our nation’s prevention agency and have a long reach all over the world. Their job is 24 hours a day and 7 days a week, in which they work to protect people from injuries, disabilities, diseases and other health problems that comes with natural diseases and bioterrorism attacks. They do a lot of good, but face many challenges.

2. Decreased newborn complications associated with elective inductions of labor and operative births (Adams, et al., 2016).