The Four Levels Of Moral Distice In Normative Ethics And Metaethics

Ethical dilemmas exist everywhere around us in everyday situations. Something as simple as picking up a piece of trash off the floor to whether you should use a previously written paper from a separate class for a current assignment in this class. It exists in reality and even on television shows. How, then, do people resolve these ethical dilemmas and how do they defend their decisions? Nurse Jackie is a television series impregnated with ethical dilemmas, especially in medical care. In this paper, I will discuss the ethical issues found in the “Tiny Bubbles” episode of Nurse Jackie. I will further discuss the ethical reasoning with support of ethical principles. In addition, I will discuss how patient’s autonomy and non-maleficence principle of bioethics plays a role in decision making. Overall, there was a difficult struggle on the ethical theory of and utilitarianism, with ethical relativism playing a huge factor.

Ethics is a strongly culturally linked area of philosophy interrelated with what is considered acceptable human conduct. There are two branches of ethics; medical ethics and bioethics. The moral conduct and principles which govern practices of medical and health professionals falls under medical ethics, whereas in biomedicine and the health sciences theorised developments in the study of social and moral issues is considered bioethics(1). There are two philosophical principles within the conduction of health care research these are deontology and utilitarianism. Deontology is an approach to ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions (2). Utilitarianism states that the most benefit

Moreover, an emphasis is imposed on the rights of a single patient to commit an act or decision even though it is in contrast with the views of the others. In regards to the ethical dilemma, a nurse could not justify the morality of the two possible choices based on their results and consequences. The Deontological approach would encourage the health care staff as well as the patient to ask themselves the most righteous choice for their situation. With this in mind, a combination of ethical theories can also be employed to give light to the dilemma. In view of this, another ethical approach could be applied to solve the issue, and this is the Right-based approach. This theory also aim to promote the rights of every person, and that, they are indispensable just to make ends meet. However, not all ethical theories can be incorporated in every dilemma in a health care setting because their foundations would contradict one another. In order to provide an effective and efficient solution, nurses should be knowledgeable of the principles enveloping each of the ethical theories and should be wise to apply them in appropriate issues and

Ethical consideration has different kinds of treatment with in Health and Social Care setting which are: social justice, a person centred approach, right to life, honesty and empathy.

There are four principles of ethics: Respect for autonomy, Beneficence, Non maleficence and Justice. This four principles offers comprehensive thought of the ethical issues in clinical settings (Beauchamp and Childress 2001 cited in UK Clinical ethics Network 2011).

When working in a health or social care setting professional practitioners are very often with situations involving moral dilemmas. Therefore it is important for the health, care and social workers to understand morality and the meaning of moral decisions and how they are linked to the practice of heath and social care.

(TCO H) Ethics is defined by Pozgar as "a branch of philosophy that deals with values relating to human contact with respect to the rightness and wrongness of actions and the goodness and badness of motives and ends." Describe two ethical dilemmas you may encounter in a healthcare setting related to patient care. In the description, define at least one law or regulation that may apply to each ethical dilemma. (Points : 35)

Under the US law, any kid under the age of 18 years old considered to be a child and need his parental consent form regarding any activity that involves the kid including a medical condition that is listed in this case (Byrne, Rapee & Sweller, 2017)So, parents have the right either to give or denies a consent. When parents faced with a medical procedure that they do not agree and believe in because of their religious background, they have a right to be present another treatment plan that doesn’t go against their beliefs (Byrne, Rapee & Sweller, 2017). From the case study above, it doesn’t say anything about an optional treatment plan being presented to the family, which might be a big problem that the doctor might be held accountable for. The other factors need to be seen is the doctor’s professional duty. Doctors have an ethical, professional,and constitutional duty to save life when they are faced with a situation that is called an emergency (Hashimoto, 2011) From the case study the kid was in a critical health situation because he has a meningitis. Meningitis is a medical emergency that is caused by an infection and can be a life-threatening situation ( Baldridge, 2013).Lastly, the kid has the legal right to be safe under his parents or any person who have a legal guardianship, however, if parents are putting kid’s life under a situation that might lead to fatality, it is called a child abuse. In this case, parents can lose the custody of the child and can not even able have any saying about the child

Ethics is about what is right and wrong, the reasons one gives for the choices and action one makes, and basically “what ought we to do and why (St. Michael’s, 2018)?” Bioethics; autonomy (right to make own choice), beneficence (to do good), non-maleficence (prevent harm), and justice (fairness) play an important role in these decisions in health care (Furlong, B., & Morrison, E. E., 2014, p. 11). Healthcare

Decision making in the setting of healthcare is influenced by ethical, legal and professional frameworks that provide standards of conduct by appealing to ethical principles, moral rights and virtues (Tonti-Filippini, 2011). These principles give credibility to decision making in healthcare with International and National frameworks (Tonti-Filippini, 2011). Examples include the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Code of Professional Conduct, the Australian Charter of Heath and the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (Murray, 2009).

It is more common for parents to give consent to hospitals to perform lifesaving operations on children, but some parents will resort to a deep belief in a religious miracle. Parents have no right, based on their religion to choose or to refuse medical treatment for their children. In no way is it right for a developing child to be subjected to the opinions of his parents when his life is at risk.

Because of different view of parents, the dilemma is whether to give child treatment or not. Life is vital to every body in this world thus the priority is to save human life is crucial to everyone. Someone’s religious belief should not be obstacle in life threatening situation, it can be taken care after improvement of child’s condition. To deal with ethical dilemmas, systemic approach and ethical tools should be used to solve the problem.

Medical ethics and legal issues have been a key topic in medical field for many years now. It is important for medical professionals to understand the importance of the way we care for patients, it is therefore important to be knowledgeable and aware of the medical ethics and legal issues that govern good patient care. Health care professionals must make decisions based on ethical and legal issues to performance their regular duties. However, Medical ethics is not only about avoiding harm to patients. It is rather a norms, values and principles (Ethical theories 2015). Therefore norms, values and principles are intended to govern medical ethical conduct. Ethics is defined as “a standard of behaviour and a concept of right and wrong beyond what the legal consideration is in any given situation”. In another words medical ethics is a discipline that used to handle moral problems coming out the care of patients. Law is another important discipline that often comes together with medical ethics. Law defined as a “rule of conduct or action prescribed or formally recognized as binding or enforced by a controlling authority”. Government imply law to keep the society running smoothly and to control behaviour that could threaten public safety. Medical professionals have to often prioritise these terms before making any clinical decision. The following findings will constructively emphasise on medical ethics, its

The Code of Ethics furnishes a definitive model of conduct. The standard of conduct is entrenched in associations, affiliations, confidentiality, and commitment with health care professionals. The Code of Ethics for healthcare quality professionals is dedicated to routine enhancement and preserving integrity by identifying individual accountability and ethical obligation to patients, medical providers, employees, health care organizations, and the community (Oddo, 2011). Ethics are not voluntary in the health care field. They are a vital and central part of medicine. Ethical codes form and assemble moral atmosphere and allotting the ethical accountability and

The two cases show that, although the doctors using different ethical approach, they may end up making the same