The Four Stages Of Breast Cancer

There are many different diseases that terrorize the human race every day. Of all of these sicknesses, one of the most devastating is breast cancer. Breast cancer touches all types of people all over the world each day. It is actually the second most common cancer amongst women in the United States. One in every eight women in the United States has some form of breast cancer and currently, the death rates are higher than any other cancer with the exception of lung cancer. Cancer is defined by the Merriam-Webster Online dictionary as “a malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally by invasion and systemically by metastasis.” Therefore, breast cancer is a disease of

Breast cancer’s physicality comes in the form of a lump on a woman's breast. Since breast cancer is the number one form of non-skin cancer; it influences many organizations to help victims of this heinous disease. Breast cancer is not a current issue today; it has plagued modern society since the 1700’s but was not formally diagnosed until much later. Since the 1700’s, however, “doctors are convinced that the best way to treat breast cancer is to remove the breast” (Breast Cancer Nursing Care and Management). During

This paper will inform you of Breast Cancer. It is the most common form of cancer in women today but thanks to medical advances it is no longer the number one killer of women.

Breast Cancer is hideous form of cancer in the breasts that affect mostly women but can also affect men. It is

(Treatment of breast cancer) Stage 1 breast cancer is indicated when the tumour is still within the breast tissue and is no larger then 2 centimetres. Stage 2 breast cancer is when cancer cells can now be detected within the lymph nodes of the armpit, the tumour is now greater than 2 centimetres. The tumour in stage 3 breast cancer can now be any size, cancer cells have spread to the chest wall and the lymph nodes near the breastbone. Stage 4 breast cancer is also know as invasive or metastatic breast cancer. The cancer cells have spread outside of the breast to other organs and tissues of the body. (Breast Cancer, Kathleen N. Lohr)

DNA makeup our gene in each cell which control our functions. Gene which increases cell division are called oncogene,others which slow down cell division, or cell die at right time are called tumor suppressor gene.Certain changes or mutation in DNA turn on oncogene or turn off tumor suppressor gene to cause normal breast cell to become cancerous.the stem cell mutation are the actual root of cancer which causes cancer again and again we use different strategies to diagnose the presence of these kind of mutation including different scans including CT scan,ultrasonography,FED.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related death. This disturbing disease is a dominant issue not only in the U.S but around the globe as well. Breast cancer initiates off in the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that fund them with milk. Breast cancer launches when the cells in the breast begin to mature out of control. In the event that one feels a lump on ones breast it is more than likely to be a tumor. Breast cancer can form in various parts of the breast. Breast cancer is the most public invasive cancer in females worldwide. It occurs almost entirely in woman, but men can also get it as well. As stated by the National Cancer Institute, 232,340 female breast cancers and 2,240 male breast cancers are reported in the US each

Breast cancer is cancer cells that develop in the breast of a woman. The most common type of breast cancer is ductal carcinoma in situ. The cancer cells develop in the milk ducts of the breast. Doctors and researchers do not exactly know the cause of cancer. All they know is that it usually occurs when a cell’s DNA is damaged. When cells in the breast start to develop abnormally they begin to develop quicker than the normal cells. They also keep multiplying, causing them to metastasize throughout the breast to the persons lymph nodes and sometimes other parts of the body. Sometimes breast cancer occurs in the lobules, but most of the time it starts in the invasive ductal carcinoma. Breast

Some treatments are called local therapy treatment, meaning they treat the tumor without affecting the rest of the body. (American Cancer Society) Surgery is a type of local therapy, it can remove as much of the cancer as possible (breast conserving or mastectomy). Radiation therapy is also a type of local therapy, treatment with high radiation, often in addition to other treatments. Breast cancer can also be treated using drugs, which can be given by mouth or directly into the bloodstream, this is called systemic treatment. (American Cancer Society) Chemotherapy; a form of systemic treatment, treats a woman’s whole body for breast cancer, not just her breasts. Hormone therapy; another form of systemic treatment, meaning it reaches cancer cells anywhere in the body. Treatment for breast cancer varies from patient to

All specialists specialize in different things such as surgery, radiation therapy and others in chemotherapy. Treatment plans are designed to meet needs of people with cancer. Decisions for breast cancer are based on, the stage of the breast cancer. Treatment options for breast cancer are surgery, in most cases a woman would be able to choose which type of breast cancer she would like to do. Although these are the options, breast-conserving surgery, followed by radiation therapy or modified radical mastectomy. Other surgical procedures that may be done include axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy offered in certain situations. Radiation therapy external beam radiation therapy is always given after breast-conserving surgery. It is sometimes given after a mastectomy. Systemic radiation therapy may be asked to be done for women with breast cancer that has spread to large areas of the bone, this is called bone metastases. Chemotherapy is an option for breast cancer that is early stage. The chemotherapy drugs used depend on the stage of breast cancer. Chemotherapy includes many drugs. Breast cancer is mostly treated with an anthracycline, a taxane or both types of drugs. Hormonal therapy is offered for hormone receptor positive breast cancer that is either early stage with a low risk of recurrence, locally advanced, advanced or recurrent, and the type of hormonal therapy offered will depend on whether or not the woman has reached menopause. The type of biological therapy offered will depend on the HER2 status of the breast

During clinical this week, the concept of quality of life vs. quantity of life was something I began to ponder. It all occurred during a breast biopsy for my one patient T.M. As we waited outside the ultrasound room, she began to share some information regarding her condition and health history. She mentioned that she’d lived the majority of her life with lumps in her breast. After her Dr. told her all the lumps were benign 20 years ago, she neglected to ever get her breasts checked and examined after that knowledge. Little did she know that 20 years later, she had developed stage 4-breast cancer in her right breast. As we sat outside the room, she stated she was unsure if she even wanted treatment and whether or not it was worth it,

Breast cancer is most common in women. A few treatments are radiation, surgery, biological therapy. However, If the tumor is not big, the patient can have surgery to get the cancer removed. However, if the cancer

     Breast physical exam – help to find lumps that women may miss with their own

Breast cancer has been acknowledged for centuries, with records dating as far back as the ancient Egyptians, over 3500 years ago (1). However diagnosis, research and progress throughout history have been slow due to it being a matter of taboo and humiliation. In 1957 the idea of surgically removing the tumours was suggested by Henri Le Dran, introducing mastectomy to the 20th century; the first scientific step in acting against cancer. Radical mastectomy lengthened survival, however was often declined due to the disfigurement left behind. To overcome this, Bernard Fisher published results from ‘breast conserving’ surgery accompanied by radiation or chemotherapy, which were ‘just as effective’ as a radical mastectomy (1).

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of death in cancer patients all over the world. Tumor node- metastasis (TNM) is a standard staging system for breast cancer. TNM staging system also provides the basis for the prognosis for breast cancer. The prognosis for breast cancer is majorly based on two factors; tumor size and biological factors. However, these factors have been further divided into subdivisions and have been discussed. In this paper the stages of breast cancer have been discussed along with the prognosis of breast cancer in detail.