The Fourth Millennium Development Goal

There is a very low infant mortality rate, 2.8 in a thousand, and a relatively low birth rate as well, at 7.41 births in a thousand. However, the death rate, 9.83 deaths in a thousand, is

Pakistan with a population of 182,143,000 in 2013, it is one of the most populated countries in the world, but it is also one of the least developed (poverty in Pakistan) (WHO reference). Poverty is a prevalent issue through out Pakistan: “about one quarter of the population lives below poverty line” (Poverty in paki). Pakistani’s living in poverty being less common in the urban areas, and more common in the rural areas with about half of the rural population still under the category of absolute poverty (Poverty in paki). Poverty in Pakistan and throughout the world impacts the population’s ability to live healthy lifestyles. Without the means to acquire adequate nutrition, health care, and services, these people are unable to meet their individual health needs. Due to the link with poverty and health, it has remained priority in almost all national plans of Pakistan (Pakistan poverty).

while In Australia, vaccination coverage trend has been increased from December 2007 onwards , in children aged 1, 2 & 5 years of age (Health.gov.au, 2014) leading to highly improved mortality rate by 5 per 1000 live births. Some of the Health Statistics

Research done by the Centres for Disease Control and Protection (CDC) has shown that the MMR vaccine, or the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, is 93% effective against measles after one dosage, and 97% effective after two doses. Moreover, the Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is shown to be 98% effective after two doses, and the hepatitis B vaccine is shown to be over 90% effective in infants, children and adults alike. Despite the fact that the aforementioned vaccines aren’t 100 percent effective, their high success rates still prove that vaccines are extremely effective, thus making them essential to maintaining children’s

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) claim that immunizations are one of the most successful interventions in public health history (2015). The CDC is qualified to make this statement as research shows the vaccinations have eradicated smallpox and nearly eliminated the polio virus, in addition to diminishing the occurrences of preventable infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria and whooping cough (2015). However, despite the statistics and research, in 2015, only 71.6% of the children between 19 and 35 months received the combined 7 vaccine series (CDC, 2015). This decline in vaccination rate can have devastating effects not only on the individual child, but also on the community, as a whole. Consequently,

The above data shows that the mortality rates per 1,000 births have been declining from 1990 to 2010 in the United States.

The number of young children who are not fully vaccinated for preventable diseases has been steadily increasing over the last decade.

Birth rate is defined as the number of live births per thousand of population per year. The US birth rate has dropped to the lowest point in over 10 years. In the first quarter of 2017, the rate fell to 61.5 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44. This has fallen from the previous year of 62.5 births per 1,000 women. (Emanuel, CNN, 2017)

So some students may have experience with not receiving vaccinations as a baby. It is also important because soon the 90’s babies will be having babies of their own and have to make important decisions for their child’s life. Decisions on vaccinating their children will help future generations not worry about diseases that the United States fears today. With more children being born today than in the past the chances of all diseases are more prevalent, which makes the need of immunizations necessary to prevent diseases. Multiple medical groups, like the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, have concluded that there is no link in-between immunizations and

The importance of vaccines for children has a large impact on healthcare and my future practice. Therefore knowing what programs are available is critical to increasing the vaccine rates. Over the decades, there have been devastating consequences resulting from preventable communicable diseases as well as programs and strategies to assist in increasing the immunization rates. This paper will explain and critique the program called “Vaccines For Children”. This paper will also include how I will adapt this program in my future pediatric practice.

This is why the World Health Organization, as well as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, recommend an extremely effective schedule of routine immunizations for children (“Recommended Routine Immunization”; “2018 Recommended Immunizations”). If parents follow this schedule, their child will gain a lasting immunity against fourteen of the most common and damaging infectious diseases over the course of four to six years (“Recommended Routine Immunization”; “2018 Recommended Immunizations”). By immunizing the youth, society is concurrently building herd immunity. Herd immunity is the concept that when the majority of the population is properly vaccinated, a bacteria or virus will not be able to spread and will eventually die off, which protects everyone, including those who cannot receive immunizations for health reasons (Laliberte). Illustrating this idea, vaccination that built herd immunity has allowed for a 99% decrease of polio cases in the United States over the past thirty years; and the measles vaccine alone prevented an estimated 20.4 million deaths worldwide since 2010 (Oliver; “Measles Fact Sheet.”). These numbers undeniably prove the efficacy of

 7. What is infant mortality rate? Why do highly developed countries have low infant mortality rates? The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths under age 1 per 1000 live births. Highly developed countries have low infant mortality rates because the countries are known to have proper health care, have improvements in water quality/sanitation, and the countries are also able to properly take care of children with help from the greater food

The method of selecting the sample was clearly defined and the sample size met the suggested guideline for minimum sample size. Data was collected using the National Immunization Survey (NIS) in two phases. Phase I, a telephone survey was conducted to identify households that have children aged 19-35 months, followed by Phase II, surveys were mailed to those children’s vaccination providers. Of the 17,313 children aged 19-35 months sampled by the NIS in 2009, the researchers

Immunizations play a vital role in every parent’s life with the majority of us decide that vaccinating our children is the best option, while others believe it might not be the right choice. The first major concern parents have with immunizations is the health and safety of their child. Thoughtlessly complying with all the recommended vaccines may cause negative effects on our children and brings up the question: is complying with these recommendations the best for our children? When I had my children I was in my early twenties and did not realize that we had a choice on whether our children had to be vaccinated or not. I basically just did whatever the doctor said they needed. Although I might not have known a lot about this before, I still believe that our children should get most of the vaccinations that are suggested however there may be one or two that are not really necessary. As the amount of unimmunized children grows so does the outbreak of diseases. In this paper I will discuss the reasons as to why the outbreaks are growing and why it is

Despite the significant gains, there are yet nearly 22.6 million children under the age of one year (approx.. 20% of children born each year) who are not immunized, which exposes them to disabilities or premature death.