The Francis Report

One of the biggest obstacles to successful management of the NHS, and also to any analysis of its current well being, remains the significant lack of any valid information as to what the NHS does, how much it costs and where the money is spent. Indeed, it is perhaps surprising that 'the 1990 changes' were conceived and implemented as fast as they were, given the lack of information that was available in 1988. (Ham, 1996) Attempts were made at the start to ensure that hospitals began from a 'level playing field' so that they were in fair competition with one another, but the sometimes 10 fold differences in the early quoted costs for identical services in different hospitals had as much to do with differing costs of maintaining buildings

Learning disabilities are a life long struggle but if caught at a young age and early intervention takes place. The stress on the child and family is greatly reduced. Learning disabilities spread to every part of a child’s life affecting them socially. Teachers must remain professional and refrain from calling students lazy as in Adams case. A good teacher or specialist can demystify a learning disability and help a child’s

The aim of the NHS is to ensure continuous improvement in the standards of clinical care, to prevent errors in clinical practice, to raise standards and improving outcomes offering access to a range of healthcare services (Freedom D, 2002). This paper intends to

“Down’s syndrome or learning difficulties are at a lower risk of 4 in 10 infants per 1000 live infants born”.

Furthermore, staff ought to treat patients as co-producers of health and not passive recipient of care. Clinical governance (CG) is a notable driver of continuous improvement in the health sector. According to Department of Health (DoH) (1997) CG lays emphasises on excellence in clinical care. The NHS in 2013 established the improvement quality (IQ) which sought to support achievements of health outcomes in England. The Francis report (2010) highlighted various failures in quality of care at the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust. Jennings (2008) argue for transforming healthcare by rapidly increasing and broadening world-class leadership with innovative ways of working and technology. The NHS leadership framework (2011) advocates for staff potentials to contribute effectively in service improvement regardless of their roles and disciplines. This permits a workforce that develops a culture of continuous service

In 2007 Julie Bailey and family members of those who died due to the negligent care at the Mid Staffordshire hospital set up a campaign which they named ‘Cure the NHS’ BBC News (2010) expands on this story. This prompted an investigation that changed everything. The scandal grabbed national attention following a yearlong investigation made by the Healthcare Commission in 2008 at the Stafford hospital. Sir Robert Francis led the investigation in which he made a staggering 290 recommendations

The Secretary of State for Health, Andrew Lansley, has set out the government’s plans to reform the NHS in England. The plans, documented in a new white paper entitled ‘Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS’, state that more power will be given to patients and professionals in the design and delivery of health and social care. This briefing outlines a summary of the key reforms. Please note, some terms which require further clarification are explained in a glossary at the end of this document. The white paper focuses on four key areas: 1. 2. 3. 4. Putting patients and the public first Improving healthcare outcomes Autonomy, accountability and democratic

Down syndrome occurs in people who were born with three, rather than two, copies of the 21st chromosome. This extra genetic material is what brings about the effects of Down’s syndrome. It is often characterized by an impairment of cognitive (process of thought) ability. Most people with Down syndrome have lower than average, mild to moderate, cognitive ability and this cannot be predicted at birth. A smaller number fall into the severe impairment range. Physically, people with Down’s syndrome are smaller in stature, have less muscle tone, and have noticeably different facial features. The number of these births occurs approximately in one out of every one thousand (ndss.org). As of 2007, the number of people in the United States with Down syndrome stood at about 350,000. These numbers will shrink because now (most) potential parents can know the condition of the fetus early. This information is included to let the reader relate to the struggles that some with Down syndrome goes through.

Downs syndrome-anyone who has downs syndrome is likely to have some level of learning disability, usually children are able to do the majority of tasks themselves, however they may reach certain milestones slightly later than some of their peers. ADD/ADHD-children with this diagnosis can suffer with many difficulties as they grow, they may be irritable, can be

Since the Mid Staffordshire trust was investigated by Robert Francis in 2009 regarding the lack of care given to the patients; there has been many changes implemented within the NHS to improve the care and safety of the patients. Some of the recent changes include the whistleblowing policy, implementation of the 6 c’s and the CQC. These were all put into place to try and stop any further problems similar to the Staffordshire scandal in the future. All nurses and midwives must be registered to Professional body in order to practice which could be the NMC. Another way to ensure the safety and best care for the patients is to

Different disabilities may affect development in different ways. However, with support from teachers and parents, these affects can be minimalised. A learning disability such as Dyslexia (a common type of learning difficulty that can cause problems with reading, writing and spelling) could lead to a child becoming frustrated which could further lead to behavioural issues. Moreover, without assistance, Dyslexia will allow for the child to become unmotivated and prove to be a hindrance to them as they look to strive in later life. Physical disabilities such as Cerebral Palsy (a neurological condition that effects movement and coordination) will affect development as children will have difficulties communicating, eating and drinking and with their

A small group of students, 2 girls and 8 boys, with Down syndrome were recruited to participate in a case study. The students, ranging in age from 6-10 years, attended a mainstream elementary school and received support from a teaching assistant throughout the day. All of the students who were apart of the study had previously received intensive reading and language interventions.

Adults with LD may face challenges in several areas of life, including education, employment, daily routines, and social interactions. However, many are able to make successful life adjustments. Research has recently been directed toward learning what factors help these adults succeed. Most of these studies used such measures of success as educational attainment, income, job level, and job and life satisfaction. Success was influenced by educational experiences and personal characteristics/ background. Educational factors included the following: high school completion; quality of elementary-secondary education; quality of postsecondary education, training, and services; and a shift from a remedial to a compensatory approach in special education (Gerber and Reiff 1994). Successful college students with LD

Growing, developing and learning are the facts of life for all children. Each day children are faced with many new concepts and various challenges. Can you imagine how it feels for a child to face not only new challenges life has, but to face these challenges while living with a learning disability? These challenges are met not just when they begin school either. Students suffer from learning disabilities from the moment they begin learning, not when they start school. Learning disabilities are real and they affect millions of people. “One such disability that affects over approximately 15 percent of the total American population is dyslexia” ( Nosek 5).

On the other study conducted by Waldron, the results show that children with learning disabilities did poor on math compared to children without learning disabilities. Programs to help children with learning disabilities improve in math should be enforce in every school to help these children succeed. The dropout rate on children with learning disabilities was 14.1 percent on a longitudinal study conducted by Doren. The reason for dropouts was that children with learning disabilities felt they were not compatible academically as children without learning disabilities. They felt disadvantaged compared to the other children. This shows that children with learning disabilities are in greater danger to dropping out of school. Programs designated for children with learning disabilities to help them on their reading, math, and writing would drop the rate and help those students graduate