Chapter 17 Assignment #3 (Ryan Cho) 17.3
Joseph II of Austria, Toleration Patent 1781, pogroms, Pietism, John Wesley, Methodism, “gift of God’s grace”
1) Joseph II of Austria. Joseph II of Austria was emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1765 to 1790, and served as ruler of Habsburg from 1780 to 1790. Joseph strongly emphasized an enlightened version of absolutism, which gained him much needed support at the time. During his tenure, Joseph sough truly radical changes in government through Enlightenment ideas. His commitment to modernizing reforms, although, endangered him and allowed significant opposition to gain power against him. For that reason, he never fully implemented his plans of absolutism, as he died without an heir to the throne.
2) Toleration Patent 1781. The Toleration Patent of 1781, also known as the Edict of Toleration, was an edict that was issued in 1781 by Joseph II of Austria. The edict allowed members of minority faiths (not of Christianity, for example, Protestant religions) to perform religious practices without being persecuted. This was very important for minority faiths it finally allowed them religious freedom and separation from the Church, which led to the growth of Protestant populations
3) Pogroms. A pogrom is a somewhat organized, and violent riot or massacre aimed against a specific group or ethnicity. One, for example, was aimed specifically at the Jews. The word pogroms spread and was entered the dictionary because of the countless
Joseph II: He was the Holy Roman Emperor and was one of the three Enlightenment monarchs, including Catherine and Frederick the
The Grace That Keeps This World, by Tom Bailey, is an enthralling novel about the Hazen family who have lived in Lost Lake their whole lives. In this novel Kevin Hazen, a young man of 19, is searching for where he belongs in the world and in his own family. He wants more for his life than the life of survival that his parents have lived their whole lives. The story of the Hazen family is centered around the first day of deer season. For the Hazens, this hunt is more than just a sport. They use the meat of every deer they shoot to help them survive through the winter.
Acts of Religious Toleration- 1649, the toleration act made Maryland the second colony after Rhode Island to affirm liberty of worship. It did not protect the Christians nor did it separate church or state. It was passed in 1649.
Martin Luther and Jean Calvin were the two of the most influential reformers during the Protestant Reformation. Luther began the Protestant Reformation by nailing his 95 Theses to the Wittenberg Chapel in 1517 in response to the corruption and abuses of the Catholic Church. In Switzerland, Calvin also had new ideas about religion, the main being predestination (the belief that people's fates (whether they go to Heaven or Hell) are predetermined when they are born). Their reforms and ideas definitely laid the foundation for capitalism, free government/democracy, religious tolerance, and individualism, but I do not believe that the reformers (people like Luther and Calvin) had the direct intention of doing these things.
The first amendment, Establishment Clause, prohibits the state and federal government from establishing an official religion or from favoring or disfavoring one religion over another. Though government cannot declare an official religion, citizens are given the privilege to practice their own religions freely. In Ancient Rome, Constantine the Great ruled the empire from 306 A.D to 337 A.D. He issued the Edict of Milan, which declared religious tolerance throughout the entire empire. Along with this, while on his death bed, he converted to Christianity. After his death, the people of Rome converted as well and Christianity spread under this proclamation which is still part of our society today.
33. Joseph II of Austria: sought to improve the productivity and social conditions of the peasantry
The Grace That Keeps This World is a novel about a man named Gary Hazen who lives with his wife and two sons in the Adirondack Mountains of New York in a close-knit community. He depends on hunting and working outdoors as a means of survival to take care of his family. He has two sons whose names are Gary David, who is the oldest, and Kevin, who is the youngest. His dream is that his two young sons will follow in his footsteps, becoming avid hunters who work and live off of the land. Gary Hazen’s original dream for his two young sons does not fully become realized. Kevin goes away to college and is unsure of where his future will take him but begins to say he no longer wants to hunt because his girlfriend does not like it which causes
The Act actually brought about less toleration, but it made sure to shelter the Christians.
Religious toleration declared one Virginia patriot, was part of “the common cause of Freedom.” There’s already seen that some colonies, for example like Rhode Island and Pennsylvania, had long made a practice of toleration. But for freedom of worship before revolution past more from the reality of religious pluralism than from well-developed theory of religious liberty. The authorities in England had occasionally presses the religion’s rulers to become more toleration, but the revolution most colonies supported religious institutions with public funds and discriminated in voting and office holding against Catholics, Jews, and even dissenting
Genocide is the mass killing of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. During World War II, Jews were blamed for the losses that Germany had by a man named Adolf Hitler. Hitler happened to be the leader of Germany, and the extremist group, the Nazis. Jews were punished and put in concentration camps and were eventually killed. Source A, or an excerpt from The Diary of Anne Frank, is about what Anne and the others of the Secret Annex suspect is happening to their Jewish friends. Source B is a website which shows the eight steps that lead to a genocide. Source C is apoem about not helping others and in the end being helpless. Finally, Source D is an allegory
Joseph’s mother Maria Theresa was known to be a despot because she aimed to improve the peasants’ way of life. Maria Theresa essentially served as an inspiration for Joseph II. In fact, Joseph supported religious equality between the Protestants and Jews before the Edict of Toleration. He believed that a person’s belief is their own business. He even allowed free press by ending censorship, He also tried to put the Catholic Church under royal control, but there were many conflicts.
Joseph II, the Enlightened Despot When Maria Theresa – Empress of Austria (1717-1780) – died, her son, Joseph II, became the absolute ruler and enacted all reforms which he wanted to fulfil, and which opposed those of his mother. Greatly influenced by the Enlightenment ideals of freedom and equality, his ideas of abolishing serfdom, carrying out the reforms of religious toleration, and promoting welfare for the people best reflected the Enlightenment ideals. In the political order of the Holy Roman Empire, neither freedom, religion, nor religious equality were granted.
As a filmmaker I am interested in exploring the idea of creating empathy for specific feelings among an audience. What are some ways in which film can express particular feelings? How specifically, does an actual creature, including elements of body horror help this? What justifies the use of black and white in creating the atmosphere of this particular feeling? These are some of the questions that arose in the production of “Grace”, a fictitious short film I produced and directed aimed at expressing a specific feeling of anxiety.
People often ask, “What does God have to offer?”. These people may not believe in God, or maybe they just don’t understand him yet. But let’s think for a minute. The world that we are ALL living in now was created by God. And well so were all of us. With out God this world and all the people in it wouldn’t
The purpose of this thesis is to provide an understanding of the meaning of Soteriology and the relation to the Doctrine of Salvation and Grace (Free Grace). Soteriology is “the study of the doctrine of salvation.” Basically, the teaching of Soteriology is part of Systematic Theology.