The Great Chilean Earthquakes Origin

This lab uses earthquake data to construct profiles of two convergent boundaries: the Tonga Trench and the Peru-Chile Trench. Where two tectonic plates converge, if one or both of the plates is an oceanic lithosphere, a subduction zone will form. When crust is formed at a mid-ocean ridge, it is hot and buoyant meaning it has a low density. As it spreads away from the ridge and cools and contracts, or becomes denser, it is able to sink into the hotter underlying mantle. When two oceanic plates collide, the younger of the two plates, because it is less dense will ride over the edge of the older plate. The density of the

In Valdivia, Chile 1960 an earthquake changed the lives of many. An earthquake is the violent shaking of the ground that will destroy homes, buildings, landforms, historical monuments, and lives. Earthquakes begin with the breakage of rock along a fault line. When two tectonic plates rub against each other they create an earthquake. Earthquakes will ride along a fault line which will determine how long the quake will go on. The larger and longer the fault like the bigger the earthquake. Earthquakes send out waves, primary waves or, p waves and secondary waves or, s waves travel along the interior of the earth. These two waves are called body waves. While detecting the waves, the primary waves appear first then the secondary waves. Primary waves travel through solids, liquids, and gasses, which means they are about to travel through the liquid center. Secondary waves are only able to travel through solids which are why scientists have found that there is a loss of these waves once they reach the center.

The Pacific Ring of Fire reveals a connection between subduction zones and volcanoes. Inland of each subduction zone is a chain of spouting volcanoes called a volcanic arc, such as Alaska's Aleutian Islands. The Toba volcanic eruption in Indonesia, the largest volcanic eruption in the past 25 million years, was from a subduction zone volcano.

• This earthquake may not have released all of the strain stored in its rocks next to the fault this reveals a potential earthquake in the Santa Cruz Mountains in the near future. The occurrence of the earthquake showed that the Earth did not exhaust all its strain and hence other earthquakes could be expected. However, the dates could not be predicted. The extent of the damage could have been much more devastating for the region, but with the earthquake occurring near the coast this made half of the felt area westward in the Pacific Ocean. The occurrence of aftershocks ten days later reinforces the unpredictability nature and hence makes Geology to be a study that is always evolving. In conclusion, the Earth and the study of cannot be exhausted as every natural occurrence provides a new puzzle to be solved.

Imagine yourself home doing a couple of sets of jumping jacks but then you feel weary so you stop for a water break. You notice that you kept on bouncing but it wasn’t your body moving it was the Earth that was shaking you, an earthquake occured. Earthquakes happen when the underground continental plates move. Earthquakes can affect the Earth, people, and property. To begin with, when an earthquake happens something on Earth is most likely to change.

Breaking news on Fox today, It is May 20,1960 and the ground is shaking. Scientists are saying one of the biggest quakes in the 20th century now happening in Valdivia located in southern Chile. The magnitude, how vast the size of something is, in this case the earthquake was 9.5 and great damage is reported. Now, we are reporting from the remains of the city and are not sure if there is going to be an aftershock,which is an earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area. I am your news reporter Dasha Krumer and today I am with Shreya Srihari an expert on earthquakes a seismologist.

An earthquake would be classified as a sudden ferocious shaking of the ground, typically causing great obliteration because of manoeuvre within the earth’s crust or volcanic action.

For the fault zone that I chose to research for this project, I chose the Peru-Chile Trench, also known as the Chile Subduction Megathrust and as the Atacama Trench. It is called that because the area between Peru and Chile is called "The Atacama", and such was the plate named. The Peru-Chile trench is located along the western coast of Peru and Chile. It marks the zone where the Nazca plate is being subducted beneath the South American plate and is approximately 3,666 miles long. (Britannica, p.1)

The reason why so many people are choosing to live next to a subduction zone is because of their close proximity to certain geographical features (i.e. the oceans and mountains). This is because a subduction zone is where two tectonic plates are rubbing against each other. Over the course of time, this can create sudden changes to the formation of the landscape often involving: earthquakes and volcanic activity. (Lloyd, 2010)

What is an earthquake and why do they happen? : An earthquake is vibrating of the ground caused by the rapid breaking and motion of large parts of the earth’s rocky outermost crust. Earthquakes

Magnitude of the earthquake was 9.5 out of 10, with a rupture zone of about 1,000 km. About 1,655 people were killed, 3,000 wounded, 2 million homeless, and about $550 million lost in southern Chile. The volcano actually triggered a tsunami that killed 61 people and caused extensive damage in Hawaii, the Philippines, Easter Island, Samoa, and California. Residual damage caused landslides and volcanic eruptions after two days and lasted for several weeks. There were four foreshocks with magnitudes of seven or upper, five aftershocks with seven or upper levels, and some volcanoes. The first tremors and aftershocks began on May 21, 1960 and lasted until November 1, 2016.

“I felt very at home in California, but the place is prone to earthquakes, and the one in 1944 scared the life out of me. For months afterwards, I felt that every time I sat down, I should have to put on a seatbelt.” Earthquakes are when tectonic plates slip past each other causing a “snap’. The ground shakes violently and can even crack. Though the occurrence of an earthquake is dreadful, familiarizing yourself with the causes and effects can be useful, and in turn make it less scary.

Subduction is what occurs when two tectonic plates collide and one plate slips under the other tectonic plate. When this happens the bottom tectonic plate fall into the mantle of the earth and be melted to make room for new tectonic plates.

The Aleutian Trench is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire and is located along a convergent plate boundary. At this plate boundary, two plates are colliding. More specifically, this oceanic trench is a subduction zone in which the Pacific Plate is being subducted under the North American Plate. This occurs because the Pacific Plate, an oceanic plate, is denser than the North American plate, a continental plate and thus gets swallowed into the Earth’s mantle. As the denser plate is subducted under the other, the trench is formed. In addition to the formation of the trench, a subduction zone also forms a volcanic arc which occurs because as the Pacific plate is descending into the mantle, it begins to melt. The melted rock consequently rises to

     An Earthquake is the shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer. The sudden shaking of the ground that occurs when masses of rock change position below the Earth's surface is called an earthquake. The shifting masses send out shock waves that may be powerful enough to alter the surface of the Earth, thrusting up cliffs and opening great cracks in the ground.