The Great Conroversy of the Nazca Lines

The location brought the difficulties of the Andes. We traveled to the very rivers that sustained villages of rudimentary hunter-gatherer villages starting in 3600 B.C. to 2500 B.C. These evolved by 3000 B.C. by beginning to farm and ultimately became dignified civilizations. We discussed the first of them, the Chavin, found in the mountains from 900 B.C. to 200 B.C. We visited the site of their ruins that contained pyramids, plazas, and sizable earthen mounds. While having no evidence of any significant political or economical framework, they had an importance placed on their religious foundations. This, along with their art, carried on to the other cultures of the area. The Nazca lasted from 200 B.C. to A.D. 600 on the dry Southern coast of Peru. They were able to utilize agricultural techniques to their benefit to counteract the less-than-satisfactory land. What they were mostly known for was their textiles and pottery, but especially the Nazca Lines. These are around 1,000 pictures etched into the dry plain. To clearly see the image, you must get an ariel view, bringing up questions about the origins of these. I was even able to get to see one of them in the sky from a helicopter. Then there were the Moche on the northern coast of Peru A.D. 100 to A.D. 700, who were another to use irrigation for their crops. They created elaborate jewelry of gold, silver, and gems. Although they never developed a written language, the pottery they made was comprised of images of their customs and everyday

The short documentary, “Cracking the Maya Code” recounted the long journey to uncovering the meaning behind the Maya hieroglyphs. The glyphs were so hard to decipher because of the complexity and originality of the writing system. Another thing that added to the difficulty of deciphering the visuals was the Mayan scribes’ love of substitutions. The lack of understanding of the language and the forms of the glyphs also contributed to the length of the journey to decipherment. The lack of technology also most likely played a major role in the length of the journey. If it wasn’t for the scholars’ perseverance, determination, research, and their ability to make connections and predictions which ultimately led to the major discoveries, we would still be working to uncover the meaning behind the Mayan glyphs to this day.

Nazca: A civilization of southern coastalPeru, theNazcabecamefamous fortheirundergroundirrigation channels and their gigantic and mysterious lines in the desert in the form of monkeys, birds, spiders, andotherdesigns. (pron. NAHZ-kah)

The ancient civilization of Nazca is long disappeared and has granted one of the most significant legacies of ancient Peruvian culture. The Nazca has not only etched their mark into the surface of the Nazca Desert but they left a mark that continues to intrigue scientists and modern society in the present day. Actually, the Nazca left behind thousands of marks in the forms of various shapes, designs, mythological creatures, and a variety of intricate geometric lines. It is evident that the popularity of the Nazca Lines continues to gain momentum as the previous lines are studied and awed over as well as the new geoglyphs are still being discovered at this present time.

9). Serpent Mound is well documented and has peaked archaeologist and other researchers interest for a long time, the first excavation dates back to Putnam in the 1890s (Herrmann and others 2014, p. 117). However, the age of construction for Serpent Mound has been a point of contestation for researchers. Researchers propose two time periods for construction, either Adena (~2,300 years ago) or Fort Ancient (~900 years ago) (Herrmann 2014, p. 119). Recently published work, as of 2017, done by Romain and others have provided strong evidence for Adena construction, radio carbon dates from GeoProbe core samples, LiDAR analyses, and electrical resistivity ground imaging surveys support their hypothesis (2017). Despite of initial construction of Serpent Mound, Hermann and Others do not deny that later Fort Ancient and other cultural groups occupied the site, making the site multi-occupational (2014,

In Naica, Mexico, a cave system is found to hold some secrets to the Earth. What is described to look like something out of fairy tales has NASA scientists excited.

The Aztecs, who ruled central Mexico for several hundred years before the Spanish arrived in 1519, left the most extensive mathematical writings of any pre-Columbian people. Two manuscripts in particular have intrigued scholars because they portray land holdings in the Valley of Mexico along with their measurements, using the Aztec numbering system, for purposes of taxation. Now a geographer and a mathematician have zeroed in on just what methods Aztec surveyors used to measure the surface of a field in one of these documents, the Codex Vergara.

Art and architecture have both long been a gateway to understanding earlier peoples and their civilizations. While it may not always be possible to know every detail, or sometimes just the slightest bit of information, through the study of art and architecture one can get one step closer to understanding the way of life and history of ancient civilizations throughout the world. Although each different culture presents an equally different challenge, clues do exist if one is willing to look long, hard, and close enough to understand. In what is present-day Mexico but was previously considered ancient Mesoamerica, there lived a mysterious yet powerful civilization called the Olmec. Even today not much is known about the Olmec people, but through the Olmec’s various forms of art and architecture, one can get glimpses into the way of life and the beliefs that, what is considered to be the first great Mesoamerican civilization, held and lived by.

The Olmec civilization will baffle archaeologists and academic scholars today, with neither able to uncover, and solve the enigma surrounding the mysterious race that called themselves the Olmec, meaning the ‘rubber people’ in Aztec because of the lack of historical, and archaeological evidence to geologically

Serpent Mound is the largest prehistoric effigy mound documented, in the world. The human- made earthwork has fascinated people for years, especially archaeologists who wanted to know who built the earthwork and when. Frederick Putnam did some of the earliest archaeological excavations and reconstructions at Serpent Mound in the 1880s (Putnam 1890). Since the 1880s, several researchers have worked at the site trying to unravel Serpent Mound’s history. Researchers have proposed two primary hypotheses that the mound was either created by Adena culture (~2,300 years ago) or Fort Ancient culture (~900 years ago) (Herrmann 2014, p. 119). The most recent work done shows strong evidence for the mound being build ~2,300 years ago by Adena people (Romain

The Nazca civilization was formed in southwest Peru around 100 BC. They would continue on for hundreds of years until their final demise sometime around 600 AD. They emerged from and were influenced by their predecessors, the Paracas. The Nazca culture consisted of extraordinary pottery, fine textiles, and incredible geoglyphs etched into the ground and visible from the sky. These geoglyphs are known as the Nazca Lines.

Who do you think created the Nazca Lines humans or aliens? The only way to see the Nazca Lines is to fly a plane because they are so big. First, many people believe that humans created the Nazca Lines. Finally, others think that aliens created the Nazca Lines for many different reasons.

Unmuseum) The Nasca people believed that if you praised the water gods the gods would give them rain. On the other hand, some people claim that aliens created the Nasca lines in the nasca desert. The nasca lines look like runways for aircrafts. And aliens would use there aircrafts to construct the Nasca lines and figures.

Toward the end of the 15th century Western explorers began searching for a contiguous sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by way of what is now the Canadian Artic Archipelago.

In the year 1944, along the backs of the Ardeche River in Southern France, the discovery of one of the most impressive collections of prehistoric art was found within the Chauvet Caves. These magnificent pieces of artwork from the Paleolithic-era had been preserved within the chambers of a sealed off cave, whose entrance had been covered by a land slide hundreds of years ago. Scientific research has revealed that the paintings preserved in the cave date back to about 32,000 years ago. Thus, within the chambers of this cave resides a small piece of the past, left untouched and hidden from man for hundreds of years.