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The Great War: The Causes Of World War I

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The Causes of World War One
Forty years of glorious and prosperous peace had dominated over Europe. Nevertheless the time of peace and prosperity was to end with the outbreak of the biggest and most destructive war ever seen at the time. World War I was to break out in Europe in the summer of 1914, but what were the reasons of this outbreak? Why after such a long prosperous time of peace, such a great war? Many are the ideas, and big are the debates concerning this topic, and the causes of World War I are still now very controversial, and various for many historians. Three were the main causes of the Great War: Nationalism, Imperialism, and Militarism.
Nationalism was the major cause of the war. To fully understand the extent at which this …show more content…

This territory had been under French rule since the 17th century and after the loss of this land, France nursed the desire to regain it. This was the first crack in the peace in Europe, and the first rivalry to arise. Before the outbreak of World War I Germany had put itself in the position of having rivals on both its eastern and western front. Nationalism contributed to many Wars over the 19th century. The Balkan area was a very unstable territory for it was composed of many ethical groups, but two big empires mostly ruled it: the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. A strong desire for revolutions and independence arose led by the political movement of the Pan-slaves who strongly believed in independence from the empires. Italy had severed has an example for the idea of a united country for it was successfully unified. Greece also served as an inspiration since it was able to gain its independence in 1829. Later in 1878, countries such as: Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria were also able to gain their independence. These created the Balkan League and set disputes in those areas undermining the peace in Europe. The Great Powers had to intervene …show more content…

Militarism is the philosophy of building a strong army to compete against other countries. This philosophy is, to some extent, the result of the philosophies of Nationalism, and Imperialism. The excuse for the creation of such strong and vast armies was to protect the country and its colonies. It was believed that in order to keep peace, countries had to prepare for war as the maxim “Si vis pacem, para bellum” says, literally meaning, “if you want peace, prepare for war”. It was intended to produce security inside the country and its colonies, and for it to be able to function. This started what historians call the “Arms Race”, which is the build up of armies to settle disputes among European countries. If one country increased its army size, all other European countries increased their armaments proportionally. This created a vicious circle, resulting in an average military expenditure of 109% between 1890 and 1913. All European powers passed bills and regulations to increase their armies. In 1913 Germany passed bills allowing the ministry of defence to increase the number of soldiers in the army. As a result a year later, just before the outbreak of war, the Russian parliament passed the program, which allowed the founding to increase the army and lower the age for mandatory military service. Not only the army increased but the arms race applied also with naval armies. Indeed Germany and Great Britain

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