The Growing Paradox Between Decreasing Levels Of Population Health

Policy issues have emerged from both constructive and unconstructive effects of various global processes associated with development in the trans-national movement of funds, commodities, services, a rise in multinational corporations, widening inequalities, diseases coupled with poor access to social services. (Dodgson et al, 2002; Frenk et al 2002; Hurrell and Woods, 1995; Vieira 1993). Health related policies should involve the actions (and inaction) that affects institutions, organizations, services

Health has been influenced by many factors such as poor health status, disease risk factors, and limited access to healthcare. All these factors are due to social, economic and environmental disadvantages. According to the World Organization (WHO) (2015), “the social determinants of health are mostly responsible for health inequities, which is the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between countries”

Eating healthy is important for many reasons, it will promote intellectual development in children and adolescents prevent major health problems from developing and ensure a long and healthy life style. This research paper will introduce the importance of forming a healthy eating habit from a young age onto the senior years and will also point out some of the negative effects not eating healthy can cause such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, iron deficiency anemia, dental caries, under-nutrition, and eating disorders.

The Social Determinants of Health are the living conditions people experience, which plays a vital role in shaping population health (Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). Government policy is one of the Social Determinants of Health and also the one that can strengthen or weaken the other Social Determinants of Health such as education, income, employment etc. The Social Determinants of Health for Canadian young adults become worse today while the older Canadians today, young Canadians a generation ago, experience better Social Determinants of Health. This is because the Canadian government and policy maker put less effort to develop public policy so that the Social Determinants of Health are not strengthened today (Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). I choose

more on healthcare than any other country. In the first quarter of 2014 healthcare spending rose 9.9%,

Education and money are the top two social determinants in the United States (Burke, 2014). In Poland, regarding tobacco use, culture, post communism reaction, etc., are the social determinants (WHO, 2017). When there is scarcity of resources, and low levels of education and money, quite often the response is to react in ways that are harmful to one’s health. For example, if one should lose their job, and low education and income are present, as well as scarcity of resources, such as a support system or even hope that another job will come along, then an individual might smoke and drink more, not pay attention to their diet, and exercise less. According to Burke (2014), the event of poverty burdens the brain, such that rational decisions are less likely to be made. Hence, more tobacco use, and even the purchasing of lottery tickets. Another example of this, is the upward

Healthcare GDP- The U.S. healthcare spending continues to increase and is the most amongst the world. In 2013 the GDP percent was at 17.1 for the United States. The United States continues to spend the most on health while it increases annually around 7 percent expected to total over 4 trillion in 2015.

Health consequences are the result of accumulation of inequalities over the life course (Hofrichter, 2003). It has been argued, the more egalitarian a country is, the healthier the population, and key to a healthy population is the organization of material conditions in everyday life. These conditions are referred to as the social determinants of health, and include such things as levels of employment, standard of living, education, economic development, racism and workplace conditions to name a few (Hofrichter, 2003). It is these social determinants of health which in turn perpetuate health inequalities. Yet there are social gradients in health as who gets these resources is socially determined (Marmot, 2005), and problems of the social gradient are more prevalent in unequal countries as health tends to improve the higher the socio-economic status and those who are less well-off and socially excluded find their health status deteriorating as they fair badly in relation to social determinants (Farrell et al., 2008). These health inequalities are systematic and therefore, are not randomly distributed, they are socially produced, and they are not a product of biological processes (Farrell et al., 2008). Thus, the average wellbeing is not dependent on national income and economic growth, but yet “differences between – and within –

INTRODUCTION The essence of health is constituted by the method societies use to organize and distribute materials in the population. The main factors that shape health care, are the living conditions that we experience. Health and Health complications are as a result of multiple forces; Health related behaviors such as exercise, diet, physical environment and health care are significant to long lives, however social and economic environments are also very important to population health. The mechanism by which members of different socioeconomic groups experience varying degrees of health and illness, is referred to as “Social Determinants of Health”. Healthcare policy and governance is a jurisdictional space shared between

Medicaid is one of the factors that can cause the cost curve to shift. The government funded insurance has a profound impact on the cost curve as it increases the cost of health care to recoup funds to cover the cost of care for Medicaid recipients. Health information technology is a subsequent factor that influences the cost curve. In the age of technology, health care organizations must have updated equipment to aid them in providing faster top notch care. In both of these instances, there needs to be a way to fund Medicaid and technology consequently; these costs are passed on to the consumer causing the cost curve to shift increasing the cost of medical services.

This research will be done by using deductive reasoning. Sometimes this is called the “top-down” approach because the researcher starts at the top with a very broad spectrum, which would narrow that down into more specific hypotheses that can be tested. Stress can cause bad eating habits like impulsive eating, overeating, binge eating, or compensatory behavior. The key variables and concepts involved in this study are stress and poor food choices. One should not use food to cope with stress and other negative emotions, because afterwards he or she will feel even worse. Becoming obese not only causes many physical disadvantages, but also can create psychological insecurities that must be dealt with. I will be using the Student Stress Survey (SSS) that measures the major sources of stress among college students. Also, I will be using a Eating Habit Questionnaire (EHQ) to measure how healthy one’s choices are when they make decisions about food. Some contributing indicators for stress are: anxiety disorders, weight problems, depression, premature aging, heart disease, chronic fatigue, high blood pressure, memory loss/brain fog, migraines, PMS, sleep problems, seasonal affective disorders, joint disorders, and sexual dysfunction. The peculiar thing is, that the indicators for having malnutrition are similar. However, when dealing with bad eating habits, one who isn’t getting enough food or

Mental health problems are believed to be the result of a combination of factors, including age, genetics and environmental factors. One of the most obvious, yet under-recognized factors in the development of major trends in mental health is the role of nutrition.(Associate Parliamentary & Health, 2008). Recent evidence suggests that good nutrition is essential for our mental health and that a number of mental health conditions may be influenced by dietary factors.. The body of evidence linking both diet and mental health is growing at a rapid pace ( Associate Parliamentary & Health, 2008). Recently, there have been a number of published studies identifying an inverse association between diet quality and the common mental disorders, namely depression and anxiety, in adults (Bellisle, 2004). Other prospective studies suggest that diet quality influences the risk for depressive illness in adults over time. The evidence indicates that food plays a contributing role in the development, management and prevention of specific mental health problems such as depression, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease ( Associate Parliamentary & Health, 2008).

Product (GDP), by using the majority of the country‘s capitals. The rising cost of health care and

Population health revolves around the ability to stratify patients to understand the population and address disparities in care (Darves, 2015). The stratification measures allow the provider to track trends and improve the health of patients. This process often requires population health councils, leaders, providers and employees and breaking away from hospital or practice centric and focusing on the patient (Darves, 2015). The change will require special handling with a physician leader and a non aggressive management (Darves, 2015). Develop care continuum models in the hospital and community system to link patients back to their primary care provider. In addition, select clinics and pilot the program focusing on high risk patients and a selected disease management state such as diabetes, heart failure and COPD targeting high utilization and setting care protocols to gain support and demonstrate the success of the model (Darves, 2015). The shift to population health management is labor, technology and financial intensive. In the past patients received the same care, however with population health stratify the population and developing care models for each segment of high-risk, rising risk and health along with providing education to the staff and community will help deliver better care while lowering cost and ensuring patients receive the care when and where they need it (Darves, 2015). However with population health the patient’s health is broken down to high

There are a number of conceptual models that help frame the issues. The WHO’s Commission on Social Determinants of Health model of the