The Guano Age In Peru

First, this paper will talk about Peru’s history. Peru has a unique and rich heritage among the nations of the Southern content. Peru has this rich heritage for over 10,000 years, and is one of the most harsh and inhospitable environments in the world. Peru has an empire that spanned a third of the South American continent. Peru also surpassed many of the great empires in world history, and also established a historic division and became divided economically, socially, politically, and between a semi feudal (Peru Facts and Culture).

1. Before Francisco Pizarro began the Spanish conquest in 1532, the Incan empire dominated the Andes Mountain region. An emperor who demanded strict obedience ruled the land. All business was run by the state, which could draft citizens for its projects. The Inca, terracing the landscape and irrigating the crops, farmed the mountainsides. The Inca were brilliant engineers, whose roadways included bridges. The city of Machu Picchu is an example of their skill with tools like the plumb bob and wooden roller, which they used for in heavy construction. Hundreds of years after their civilization was subdued by the Spanish, the descendants of the once-dominate Incas make up about 50 percent of Peru’s population.

Peru is rich with minerals, natural resources, and precious metals such as silver, gold, copper, timber, iron ore, coal, potash, phosphate, petroleum, and natural gas. Natural resources have created Peru's infrastructure jump in growth in recent years. Peru has been building roads that go through different types of terrain to include mountains, rainforest and urban areas. Peruvians have updated their railway systems that transport civilians to and from their jobs all throughout the country. Although Peru is wealthy; unfortunately the majority of this income from these natural resources does not make it to the miners and farmers that work long days in order to acquire the resources for global sale. Many of Peru's citizens still live in poverty

Peru gain minerals, as well as New Spain, gain gold and silver, “cochineal (little insects like flies), from which crimson dye is made, leather, cotton, sugar” and more. The King gets one fourth of the millions of pounds, tenth-part of the gold and silver which is minted to coins, in all he gets a fifth of what was formed. In the past years, there’s been an abundance of gold and silver on the earth surface but now, the million pounds of gold and silver is unlikely to be the same. To get much more gold and silver, they would have to dig deep into the earth surface, which requires special training and guidelines. But, the Spaniards was not willing to do the digging, nor was the Indians going to do it either because they were freed by the Emperor

Peruvians now make Moche, wall hangings, and clothes from alpaca wool. Music is also important to Peruvians, one of there music/dances is Baile de las Tijeras or Dance of the

De Peru is an equal opportunity and determined to develop a diversified workplace. We also are willing to provide any accommodations as needed for disabled upon request. De Peru strives to hire anyone available for employment who meet the employment eligibility standards, regardless of race, ethnicity, religion, education level (beyond high school), height, gender, age (beyond 16) or any other qualities not related to how the employee works.

According to the U.S. Department of State, coca growth and cocaine production in Peru started in the 19th century, when profits were high from exporting to the United States. In 1948, Peru outlawed cocaine and the production of it, prompting illegal growth in the largely uninhabited Hullaga Valley. The Hullaga Valley consists of incredibly rugged terrain, making it difficult for the government to control the growth of coca, ultimately leading to an increase in cocaine production in Peru. A large proportion of this cocaine was shipped southward out of Peru, through Chile, until roughly 1970 when an increased military presence near shipment routes caused a reroute through Colombia. By 1980, Peru was considered to be the world’s

The present day country of Peru today is nothing like the Peru during the 1200 through 1519. Before the conquistadors arrived in Peru, a group of natives called the Incas had existed there. The Incas had lived in the Inca Empire between 1200 to 1532, which was created by Manco Capac. Manco Capac was a person who was deemed to be cultural hero according to Inca mythology.["Peru History Timeline."] The mostly known ruler of the Incas was Pachacuti who had been known for gaining territory for the empire. During this time, Pachacuti was not the ruler of Inca empire but in fact his father, Viracocha was emperor. Pachacuti had done this due to the fact that the Inca’s rival, the Chanca Indians were invading the empire. The legendary battle of Cuzco

Peru began to take form in the late 1400s when Diego de Almargo and Francisco Pizzaro heard of a rich and prosperous empire, or country, located just South of Central America. Most individuals who occupied the land during this time were of Indian descent or more popularly known as the Inca’s. Throughout history, there were many arguments that took place over the type of culture that would begin to inhabit Peru amongst its diverse community. Many of its natives whom were of Indian descent did not want a European influence on the Peruvian culture and for the most part has resisted it throughout the course of time. It wasn’t until the Peruvian War of Independence against Spanish rule in 1821 that Peru became its official name and the diverse

In 1460 AD, the Incans conquered a region from the native Huancas, Xauxa, of South America that proved to be both logistically and environmentally important to the empire. Prior to the Incan invasion, the Huancas densely fortified themselves on hilltops in defensive, nucleated bands or tribes. The Huanca clearly saw security as an issue. Yet after the Incans introduced their methods of subsistence agriculture, the Huancas began moving down slope to inhabit the low-lying river valleys where crops could be grown and surpluses could be accumulated. At the same time, the Incans began adopting Huancan polities into regional and state government, a transition made easier since food production was not an overriding concern. Here the Incans have used their agricultural practices as a unifying force to incorporate a conquered tribe into the empire, a common theme for the

Culture is the aquired knowledge that people use to interpret, experience, and generate social behavior.

The Humboldt Current, also called the Peru Current, is one of the world’s largest ecosystems that support high levels of biological production. The Humboldt Current extends along the coast of Peru and Southern Chile up to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands. Although the current has unique features, it faces a serious of environmental challenges. The first one being the cold surface currents. Not only does the cool current produces nutrient-rich waters that rise to the surface and attract multiple fish populations, but it causes the concentrated area to become vulnerable to anthropogenic ocean acidification. In addition, high winds are caused by coastal upwelling zones that are disrupted by El Nino. These high winds cause slow productivity, stock

The territory in which the country of Peru is now located has been uninterruptedly occupied for thousands of years. This continuous human settlement in the area has left us with a vast number of archaeological sites, historic buildings and religious structures. The large number of sites – in addition to the large artifact collections that can be found in the Peruvian museums – creates an almost insurmountable labor for the federal, provincial and local governments, as well as the professionals involved in the various aspects of the preservation of these materials.

Peru is as complex as its most intricate weavings. Festivals mix ancient tradition with Christian holidays. The urban vanguard beams with artistry and innovation. Yet, the role and contributions of women to this cultural tapestry, especially indigenous and mestizas (mixed), has far too often been undermined in the pages of history. Official documents and older history books often don't include much of what's needed to understand women’s contributions to its history. Historians must often supplement official documents with more personal items, like journals and diaries and letters to get a glimpse into this piece of undervalued histories.

The letter to the president of Peru was from H.E. Jose Antonio Garcia Belaunde who is the minister of foreign affairs in Peru. This letter was created at the General Debate of 64th Period of Sessions of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, on the twenty eighth of september 2009. Because the letter was a primary source it has no known or thought of limitations. The purpose of the letter was to inform the president about the drug trade problem in Peru and its effects on the country. It was only made for his eyes to see but was then release to the public with none of it changed on the United Nations website. There are no limitations for its purpose because the letter was not a cry for help, made Peru look weak and was made to inform the president. This source is valuable because it is primary and shows exactly what is going on in South America. The author is also trustworth, qualifies to write about drug trade and not biased.