The Hamilton Rating Scale For Depression

"A New Focus on Depression." Well a New Focus on Depression Comments. The New York Times, 23 Dec. 2013. Web. 10 Nov. 2015.

This instrument was developed by Aaron T. Beck who is a pioneer cognitive therapist. This instrument is commonly called the BDI and was developed in 1961. It was adapted in 1969 and a copyright was obtained in 1979. In developing the instrument Beck used a series of questions which enabled him to adequately measure the strength severity and complexity of depression. There are two versions of BDI, a long version which has 21 questions mostly used to measure specific symptom common with all patient suffering from depression. The shorter version which is composed of seven questions is meant to be used in a primary healthcare setting, with main purpose to evaluate, and monitor changes in of depression.

Depression is pervasive in both mental health and medical settings. In the US, the number of discharges with major depressive disorder as first-listed diagnosis was estimated 395,000 for 2010. The CDC also cites the percentage of persons 12 years of age and older with depression in any 2-week period at an estimated 8% between 2007-2010 (CDC, 2015). The American Psychiatric Associates guidelines on treatment of Major Depressive Disorder recommend the ongoing monitoring of symptoms among patients. Specifically, the APA recommends “systemically assessing symptoms of illness and the effects of treatment”. Consideration is given to matching clinical observations with clinician and/or patient administered rating scale measurements for initial and ongoing evaluation (American Psychiatric Association,

Client reported feeling down within the last month and using heroin to cope. Client also reported feeling better and motivated towards the end of the month. Client completed a Beck Depression Inventory in which he scored a 6 indicating normal ups and downs. Client VA records confirm a diagnosis for PTSD and the medication list includes, Sertraline and Setraline HCL, as well as methadone to which the client appears compliant. Client reported he is medication compliant. Client denied any S/I or H/I.

DAS is recommended for this group as it is reliable and gives correct prediction and outcomes regarding depression. This assessment tool is easy to use; it is a self-report scale consisting of 40 items with each item having a statement and 7-point Likert scale. The questions used in this assessment are direct and easy making it efficient for most individuals' use (de Graaf, Roelofs, & Huibers, 2009). Besides,

As a counselor to Alan I would used the following 5 assessments. I would use either Beck Depression Inventory or/both Hamilton Depression Inventory to look at the client’s depression. Alan admits to “being mildly depressed but insists, its not something I cant handle”. I think I would used the depression inventory to see where he would fall on the scale of his depression and then see how we can work with Alan. Though the client is well aware of the amount of alcohol or drug he uses. I would still apply both the Alcohol Use Inventory and the Substance Abuse subtle screening inventory. I think once we can show Alan how much alcohol and marijuana is affecting his life and how it will continue to affects his life. After we assess both his depression

In both Arbisi (2001) and Farmer’s (2001) review of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) addresses an area of weaknesses was the prior version BDI lacked the diagnostic questions that related to self esteem, energy level, frustration and lack of interest. Both authors agreed that the change was necessary and now aligns with a full assessment of depression signs (Arbisi, 2001), (Farmer, 2001). It appears from the articles that both authors agree on the improvements and easy administration of the assessment.

Psychotic depression occurs when a depressive illness also includes hallucinations, delusions or the patient feeling removed from reality. Psychotic depression affects approximately one in four people admitted to the hospital for depression.

The scores are based on a self-reporting scale (e.g. questionnaire) and are consistent with the DSM-IV criteria for major depression. For this test each item uses a 4-point scale of severity ranging from 0 to 3 (Beck, et al., 1996). Once all questions are answered the publishers have created a cut score guideline to use. The qualifiers are minimal (0-13), mild (14-19), moderate (20-28), and severe (29-63). Again, the terminology was taken from the DSM -IV criteria for major depression and each symptom is looked at based on

The mean baseline depression score of the experimental group is 14.00. The mean posttest depression score of the experimental group is 13.36. The posttest score is 0.64 lower than the baseline score. This was an expected finding because it was hypothesized that after the completion of

The Beck Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-II) is a 21-item mental health instrument for assessing the occurrence and severity of depression in adults and adolescents, 13 years and older (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996, pg. 1). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) includes: depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, weight loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue or loss of energy, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. The BDI-II accurately portrays questions addressing these diagnostic features within the instrument. The face validity shows the test is transparent and purports to measure what it claims. For example, question

The results indicated that progress was accomplished by the decreasing of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale throughout the three week session. By week five, eleven of the 26 total patients had their HDRS score decreased by 50% from the beginning of the baseline period. Another surprise in the experiment that stood out was that the CBF in the 16 regions of the brain were found to be inversely correlated with the age of the patients. I wonder if this hindered or helped the

“There are wounds that never show on the body that are deeper and more hurtful than anything that bleeds.” is a highly impactful quote spoken by Laurell K. Hamilton. Depression is a serious mental condition that is characterized by extreme feelings of sadness, worthlessness or hopelessness, fatigue, irritability, loss of appetite, inability to concentrate, and insomnial or excessive sleeping. Statistics show that between ten percent and fifteen percent of young people exhibit symptoms of depression. Depression may have physical or emotional causes and may require long-term treatment. Depending on the type of depression and the severity, treatment may include prescription antidepressant drugs or psychotherapy. Controversy surrounds the decision

Depression have become a major problem in our society today. People who haven’t experience depression will not understand how it feel and what it can do to a person. Many people also doesn’t understand what depression is, or how it can related to suicidal ideation. In fact, studies have documented that the majority of young suicide victims had depression at the time of death and most suicide survivors were diagnosed with symptoms of clinical depression at the time of their attempt (Mojs, Biederman, Głowacka, Strzelecki, Ziemska, Samborski 2015). It can affect anyone, from young adolescents to college students to the elderly people. There are many reasons that can make someone have major depression. Such as financial problems, family problems, social problems, school, work, etc. These stressors in our daily life can cause anxiety which can increase our stress level significantly, which then can lead to depression. A research said that anxiety disorder have a high comorbidity with depression and that anxiety occur prior to the onset of depressive disorders in many individuals (Batterham, Christensen, Calear 2013). People who experience depression must find way to cope with depression and know how to get help in order to prevent suicidal ideation. The people surroundings, friends and family, must also find ways to recognize the symptoms of depression, and show understandings in order to help those suffering. This research project will help people understand more about

The prevalence of MDD in the United States is approximately 7%, although the prevalence varies significantly by age groups and gender (APA, 2013). For instance, the prevalence of MDD in individuals aged between 18 and 29 is three times higher than the prevalence among individuals aged 60 and older (APA, 2013). Specifically, approximately 14.8 million American adults in a given year are affected by the disorder (Kessler, Chiu, Demler, Merikangas, & Walters, 2005). The World Health Organization assessed depression as the fourth leading disorder affecting individuals worldwide (Murray, & Lopez,