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The Health Action Process Approach Model

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Self-efficacy is defined as your belief in your own abilities to deal with various situations. This belief is important because it pertains to how/if your goals will be met throughout your life. According to Contento (2011), “Once we are convinced that taking action has the desired consequences for us, once we care, once we are motivationally ready, we need to feel confident that we can carry out the action to obtain these benefits” (p. 51). This is referred to as self-efficacy. Self-efficacy along with self-regulation and taking charge of our behaviors are significant to behavior change. In order to initiate and maintain change these aspects must be met. The Health Action Process Approach Model is focused around self-efficacy and how it relates to the motivational and action phases. The Health Action Process Approach Model consists of a motivational phase and an action phase. The motivation phase is used to create a goal using risk perceptions, outcome expectancies and perceived self-efficacy. Believing that we are at risk for a certain disease is risk perception. For example: All four grandparents have passed away from cancer. The outcome expectancy is the belief that if we do something to prevent the disease our risk will be reduced. For example: eating more fruits and vegetables will decrease our risk of cancer. The perceived self-efficacy is believing we can increase our fruit and vegetable intake because we have the control. The action phase consists of initiation,

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