The Heart And Circulatory System

The atrium chambers are small and collect blood returning to the heart from the systemic or pulmonary circulation. The ventricles are larger than the atrium chambers and they pump blood out into the circulation. The right atrium and right ventricle are separated by the tricuspid valve. The tricuspid valve has three flaps that prevent backflow of the blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium. The left side of the heart has a mitral valve also known as the bicuspid valve that consists of two flaps that separates the left atrium and left ventricle. The heart has a thick wall that is mainly of muscle and is constantly contracting and relaxing through every heartbeat. The hearts wall has three layers of tissue which consist of the innermost layer called the endocardium which is a smooth, thin membrane that lines the inside of the champers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves. The second layer is the middle layer that is called the myocardium. It is the muscular wall of the heart and is made of many layers of cardiac muscle which is striated and involuntary muscle tissue. Then the outer layer of the heart is the epicardium that is a double layered fibrous sac that covers and protects the heart.

Heart valves ensure one way blood flow through heart. The atrioventricular (AV) valves lie between the atria and the ventricles prevents the back flow of blood in to the atria while the ventricles contract. Chordae tendinae anchor AV values to papillary muscles. The left AV valve, the mitral or bicuspid valve consists of two cusps of endocardium. The right atrioventricular valve, the tricuspid valve, has three cusps. The second sets of valve are the semilunar valves. The pulmonary semilunar valves lie between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk. Aortic semilunar valves lie between ventricle and the aorta. Semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricle.

The four valves of the heart are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonic valve, the mitral valve, and the aortic valve. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is responsible for allowing blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle, preventing backflow of blood into the atrium. The pulmonic valve is located between the pulmonary arteries and the right ventricle and is responsible for allowing blood flow from the heart to the lungs. The mitral valve is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle, which allow blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle preventing backflow of blood back into the left atrium. The aortic valve is found between the aorta and the left ventricle and allows blood to flow to the aorta and throughout the body.

The left ventricle contracts, sending the blood to the aorta. The blood is then sent to the rest of the body. On the right side of the heart, the tricuspid valve separates the right ventricle and the right atrium allowing blood to enter the ventricle but not flow backward to the atrium. Blood flows through the pulmonary arteries to go to the lungs. On the left side of the heart, the mitral valve separates the left atrium and the left ventricle. Blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta through the aortic valves and to the rest of the body. Arteries carry blood with oxygen and other nutrients throughout the blood. Veins take blood back to the heart, which pumps it to the lungs in order to get oxygenated. The heart arteries which are called the coronary arteries provide oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle the right coronary arteries supply blood to the bottom and the back of the heart. The left coronary arteries split into two vessels. One branch supplies blood to the front of the heart the other branch provides blood to the left side of the heart. An electric system transmits signals throughout the heart to control what is pumping. The electrical signals pass down tot the end of the heart in the ventricles pathways carry this signal throughout the muscle so they can track at the same time to pump blood to the lungs and throughout the body.

On average, people with uncontrolled hypertension are:Seven times more likely to have a stroke. Six times more likely to develop congestive heart failure. Three times more likely to have a heart attack.Different types of hypertensionFrom my research, I didn't find any other types of hypertension.What are some causes?In 90% of cases, the cause of hypertension is unknown. This is called

The heart has four valves which each play an important role in healthy circulation. The four valves in order of circulation are tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve. Each chamber of the heart has a valve that must fully open to allow blood to pass through to its next destination and close tightly when the blood is done passing, to prevent backflow.

The cardiovascular system - The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting nutrients and removing gaseous waste from the body. It consists of the heart, which powers the whole process, the veins, arteries, and capillaries, which deliver oxygen to tissue at the cellular level. The cardiovascular system carries blood that is low in oxygen away from the heart to the lungs via arteries, where oxygen levels are restored through the air once oxygenated, this blood is then carried throughout the body via arteries, keeping our organs and tissue alive. The cardiovascular system is the workhorse of the body, continuously moving to push blood to the cells. If this important system ceases its work, the body dies.

The heart is located beneath the rib cage, between the lungs, to the left of the sternum (breastbone). Most people believe that the heart is located on the left side of the chest because the bottom of the heart is tipped to the left. Therefore, you feel more of your heart on the left side. The heart is a powerhouse with muscular walls that contract, thrusting blood throughout the body’s blood vessels. The blood must flow in one direction in order for the heart to function properly. The three focal types of vessels are arteries, capillaries, and veins which form the circulatory system. These vessels, like elastic tubes, transport blood to every portion of the body. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body’s tissues. They progressively become smaller as blood is carried further away from the heart. The capillaries are the small, thin blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins. Nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste products are allowed to pass to and from the tissue cells by their thin walls. Veins, on the other hand, carry the oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. These vessels gradually become larger as they get near to the heart. The blood vessel system runs over 60,000 miles long.

Heart(cardiovascular) disease involves many statuses where the normal function is disrupted by the condition of the heart or blood vessels. It will slow down the delivery of oxygenated blood into the body. There are several requirements for the heart to have a normal function. There needs to be adaptable coronary circulation because the vessels that supply the oxygen and nutrients to the heart must be functional, capable and meet increased demands when needed. It must provide a flexible response by the myocardial contractile cells so when the animal needs additional cardiac output during exercise and stress, the cells of the heart can provide a higher heart rate output. The valves on the heart are crucial and must be maintained for blood flow

The heart has two parts each with a left and right form (meaning four total): the auricle and ventricle. Knowing this, though it may seem backwards, it is helpful to consider various characteristics of the veins and arteries that are intimately connected with these parts. There are two veins, the pulmonary vein and the vena cava. There are two arteries as well, the aorta and the pulmonary artery. The way these function together, as Harvey demonstrated, is that the vena cava takes blood into the right auricle. This blood is pushed into the right ventricle, where it cycles through the lungs from the pulmonary artery and arrives at the left ventricle through the pulmonary vein. From here, the blood is pushed into the left ventricle where is distributed to the body through the aorta. These are the purposes and functions of the various veins and arteries

The heart contains four chambers, the right atrium, the left atrium, the right ventricle and the left ventricle. The right atrium is located in the upper right corner of the heart, above the right ventricle whereas the left atrium which is positioned in the left side of the heart separated from the right atrium and the left atrium. The atria has a very interesting texture, it has a thin, less muscular wall and is smaller in contrast to the ventricles. The atrium is joined to the veins that transport blood out to the heart and is categorized under the four hollow chambers of the heart. The left ventricle is situated in the bottom left portion of the heart. It lies under the left atrium separated by the mitral valve while the right ventricle is located in the lower right portion of the heart below the right atrium and opposite of the left ventricle. The aorta is the largest artery in the body; it begins at the top of the left ventricle. The right pulmonary artery begins at the base of the heart’s right ventricle. The left pulmonary artery passes horizontally in front of the descending aorta and left bronchus. The heart consists of four types of valves, the tricuspid valve located between the right atrium and the left ventricle, the pulmonary valve situated between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, the mitral valve positioned among the left atrium and the left ventricle and finally the aortic valve located between the left ventricle and the

The Heart is hollow organ which is composed of four muscular chambers the right and left atrium and ventricles that is specialized for pumping blood throughout the body. The heart is also consists of four valve; two atrioventricular valve which is the bicuspid and tricuspid valve that is allowing blood to flow in the atria and closes when there is a increase ventricular pressure that prevent backflow into the atria as ventricles contract (Craft, Gordon, and Tiziani, 2011), and the semilunar valves which include the pulmonary and aortic valves is located at the exit of the large arteries from the ventricles that opens when there is intraventricular pressure exceeded the aortic and pulmonary pressure which allows the blood flow into the systemic

Blood pressure is a measure of the pressure exerted by the blood against artery walls. Blood varies with heartbeat strength, age, blood volume, health and fitness. Blood pressure is measured as two numbers, e.g. 120/80 these numbers represent systolic and diastolic the big number is systolic which the blood pressure is during a heartbeat and the smaller number is diastolic which the blood pressure in-between heartbeats is. The numbers show pressure reading in mm of mercury.

Blood pressure is a measurement of how forceful your blood is pressing against the walls of the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from your heart throughout your body. Blood pressure does not stay the same. It rises when you are active, excited, or nervous. It lowers when you are sleeping or relaxed.

Blood pressure is defined as the force of the blood against the artery wall. If ones blood pressure is too high or too low it may cause cardiovascular problems in the future. When blood pressure is measured, a cuff is placed on your arm, we will add pressure to this cuff to temporarily stop the blood flow. With a stethoscope we will then listen to your blood flow. By doing this we get two measurements, the first is systolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the reading when the blood is being contracted by the heart, or when the heart contracts, and diastolic pressure, measured when the heart relaxes.