The Heart Of Heart Disease

Heart failure is a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the body 's needs for blood and oxygen. Basically, the heart can 't keep up with its workload. American Heart Association Statistics (2016) reveals that heart failure accounts for 36% of cardiovascular disease deaths. Projections report a 46% increase in the prevalence of Heart Failure (HF) by 2030 by affecting over 8 million people above 18 years with the disease. Healthy People 2020 goals are focused on attaining high quality longer lives free of preventable diseases, promotion of quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across all stages of life (Healthy People 2020, 2015).

Both the right and left atrium contract causing blood to flow though the two valves, and then into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta. This systemic circulation system is much bigger than the pulmonary circulation system, which is why the left ventricle is so big. The blood on the left side of the heart is oxygenated. It becomes oxygenated when the deoxygenated blood passes through the right atrium and then flows into the left ventricle. It is then pumped along the pulmonary artery into the lungs where it is oxygenated. It then travels through the pulmonary veins back into the heart. It enters through the left atrium and then travels to the left ventricle. This process is repeated over and over again, to make blood continuously flow through the heart, lungs and body. This process ensures that there is always enough oxygen for the body to work

Likewise, Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, and then is pumped to the lungs to receive oxygen. From the lungs, the blood flows to the left atrium, then to the left ventricle, forming the complete circulation.

The hearts function as a double pump that serves two circulations. The pulmonary pump in the right side of heart is provided for the gas exchange in the body, and the systemic circulation in the left side provides the functional blood supply to all body tissues. The functional blood to the heart is provided by the coronary arteries. Right coronary artery supplies the heart through the posterior interventricular and marginal artery branches; and the left coronary artery supplies the heart via anterior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery. The myocardium is drained by great, small, and middle cardiac veins which

In a normal human being the heart correctly functions by the blood first entering through the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava. This blood flow continues through the right atrioventricular valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts forcing the pulmonary valve to open leading blood flow through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk. Blood is then distributed from the right and left pulmonary arteries to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is unloaded and oxygen is loaded into the blood. The blood is returned from the lungs to the left

Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease (CVD), is the leading cause of death in the world (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016). A depressing number of Americans are diagnosed with heart disease every year at 11.5% (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 2016a). With 1 in every 4 deaths being from heart disease, the national age adjusted death rate of 167 and over half of the deaths are from men, we can see that heart disease is a serious problem (CDC, 2016b; CDC, 2016c). Oklahoma is no exception, with a CVD related death rate of 228.1 (CDC, 2016d). Community and individuals are dependent upon the demographics and qualities of that community to determine their health. Currently, Oklahoma faces a number of issues that affect overall health, including cardiovascular health of the entire state and the included communities. Therefore, this paper will analyze CVD statistics in Oklahoma, compare data and demographic features to Minnesota, and discuss lifestyle risks related to Healthy People 2020.

According to the WHO, cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death globally claiming 17 million lives a year, more deaths than all cancer combined (Chiu and Radisic, 2013). Cardiovascular disease is responsible for a preponderance of health problems and its impact is expected to grow further as the population ages. In the UK, NHS spends about £7.74 billion as the expenditure to deal with cardiovascular diseases (Barton et al., 2011). Cardiovascular disease in the form of myocardial infarction has become the principle cause of death in developed countries, accounting for nearly 40% of all deaths (http://www.bhf.org.uk/). Congenital heart defects, which occur in nearly 14 of every 1000 new-born children, is another tragic fact that baffles medical industry (http://www.heart.org/). About 61 million Americans (almost one-fourth of the population) live with cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, congenital cardiovascular defects, and congestive heart failure.

Cardiovascular disease has reportedly been the number one disease killer for men and women in the United States of America. Every one out of four deaths is caused by heart disease in the United States alone (Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention). Heart disease refers to the different types of conditions and symptoms that can affect the one’s heart and its functions to the body (Mayo Clinic). Cardiovascular/Heart disease has many causes and conditions, prevention methods and symptoms, and treatment options.

Heart disease is known widely all over the world. It is the number one cause of death in the United States, especially in the state of Oklahoma. Even though America is counted as one of the most developed countries in the world, it is still facing an issue of finding a cure for these deadly diseases. However there can be solutions that can be implemented and used. Including raising taxes on unhealthy food and building sidewalks and tracks. In Oklahoma, the top causes of death are heart diseases and strokes (Heart Disease and Strokes). It is Oklahoma’s leading killer for both men and women, resulting in more than 9,000 deaths in 2012 (Understanding Heart Disease). Some of these heart diseases are Coronary Artery Disease, which is narrowing

The left side of the heart, has the left atrium and ventricle that takes in oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it out of the aorta.

Meanwhile, the left receives the now oxygen rich blood that comes from the lungs and is then pumped through the arteries. However, this time the left ventricle receives the

On the right side of your heart, it is collecting and pumping blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries, in which your lungs are refreshing the blood with a new supply of oxygen, and removing any waste products (Heart Disease- Mayo Clinic). On the left side of your heart, it pumps more blood throughout the aorta ( the main artery), to supply tissues throughout the body with oxygen and nutrients( Heart Disease- Mayo Clinic).

The numbers involving heart disease fatality in the United States are very alarming. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2015)”about 610,000 people die of heart disease in the United States every year.” The most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease (CHD) which takes the lives of over 300,000 people a year. (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015) There are about 735,000 Americans who suffer from a heart attack every year. Of this number there are 525,000 people who are experiencing one for the first time, and about 210,000 people have had one before. (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015) The rate of heart disease fatality differs based on the races of ethnic groups. The Center

Research by the American Heart Association (2014) states that heart failure effects an estimated 5.1 million Americans and it is predicted to increase 25% by 2030. Heart failure is a pathophysiological condition that indicates the heart is unable to promote enough cardiac output causing insufficient blood supply to the body. Pharmacological treatment for cardiac failure is dependent upon the ability to decrease rate of blood flow and blood pressure. Survival after heart failure diagnosis has improved with medication but the death rate remains high with over half of the people diagnosed with heart failure will die within 5 years. (Go et al., 2014)

has to work harder pumping blood to the rest of the body. Blood in our