The Hidden Dimension By Edward T. Hall

Place makes memories cohere in complex ways. People’s experiences of the urban landscape intertwine the sense of place and the politics of space,” writes architectural historian Dolores Hayden. Hayden’s work is concerned with how some identities are hidden when we represent or talk about place through certain narratives, or fail to talk about the histories of places at all. In this selection from her book The Power of Place, she unearths racialized, classed, and gendered accounts of place in order to reveal how those in privileged positions can bury the truth of occupation and inhabitance in historical geographies at various scales. In one example, Hayden describes how Chinese migrants built much of the US railroad system in the 19th century,

¨There was a law against luke. Not him personally everyone like him, kids who were born after their parents already had two babies (pg 6)¨. Would you like a law against you? Among the hidden by Margaret Peterson Haddix clearly shows that dictatorship is horrible. In this novel Luke is not allowed to leave the house or be seen. Luke leaves the house in cover and meets a girl the same as him she can't go anywhere so she tries to convince luke to rebel to be like regular people with her but he is to nervous. Luke shows the character traits of brave, jealousy and adventurous as he hides in the shadows.

Geography shapes who we are and our conceptualization of the world. Where we are situated in space determines who we are and how we interact with it. In his book, Race, Place and the Law, David Delaney takes on geopolitics, the actions or practices intended to shape what spatial relationship look like, the spatial conditions of social life. He discusses how every person has a geography of experience, that is, an individual way they negotiate a space. This means the same spaces can be negotiated differently. Overall, he talks about the different intersections between race, place and the law. More specifically, how black and white americans have been distributed in space and the function of legal practice in this process. He draws on court cases

Public spaces are social spaces where social phenomena happens, different activities leading to different social relations and interactions. Spaces with own rhythms of use and regulations that one can discover or rediscover in different cultural context.10 steven To understand how architecture can activate public spaces through play to make social spaces, spaces for public life, this paper first investigates how architecture defines the nature of a public spaces with the possibility of engaging public into play. Then, the paper discuss how play can engage people to redefine spaces and find something that have in common with others. And finally, how people can obtain their freedom through playing in a space will be explored. To do so, the

In the introduction of the book, Levitt and Dubner use scenarios from history and everyday events that explain how in many of them, generally accepted beliefs, known as conventional wisdom, are wrong. For example, they mention a scenario in which crime rates in the 1990’s were expected to rise greatly; however, they dropped to its lowest level in 35 years. Due to conventional wisdom, people predicted the increase in crime rates, crime was deemed unstoppable.

In this paper I will explore how the project makes us think about the way we occupy space, how language can affect thought, and how challenging these social norms cause a disorientation that can be productive in challenging power and discourse.

Tweed explains spaces are not merely objects, but processes that are constantly changing. Tweed reveals the Latin, Japanese, and English word for space, “refer to both extension and duration, a temporal and spatial ‘interval” (120). Tweed uses the Mexican chapel to explain that religious spaces have history. After a federal immigration law was passed, there was a notable change in the chapel. In fact, the chapel had, “much more resonance- and, shrine officials report, many more visitors- than it did during the late 1960’s” (120). Tweed implies that change does not have to be physical in appearance; there can be a change in history, tradition or

Violence and crime have a large influence on the short story, “The Disappeared” by Charles Baxter. Throughout the story Anders, the protagonist, is often affected by the crime in Detroit. He is unaware to how dangerous the city is because of his short time spent he has spent in the United States. “The Disappeared” does well in reflecting what Detroit was like in 1990, specifically in terms of violence and crime. The short story is shaped by how Anders and the other characters are affected by the violence and crime in the city.

In Mark Davidson’s article, ‘Displacement, Space and Dwelling: Placing Gentrification Debate’, he cites several contemporary case studies where certain deteriorated areas have been targeted for redevelopment and subsequent evictions have taken place. Using several philosophical authors, such as Heidegger and Lefebvre, Davidson’s focuses on the effect spatial metaphors have on displacement, and how these concepts tie into the conceptualization of space. In this paper I will compile a thorough summary of the article and formulate a comprehensive analysis of Davidson’s arguments as well as his sources.

An essay written by Gary J. Kornblith, the main focus is on a purely imaginative subject. The use of this counterfactual approach is widely accepted as a methodology in research of causation. According to Kornblith, counterfactual exercises are necessary to “think more clearly about causation and to distinguish between essential factors and coincidental developments”(79). He uses the counterfactual method to present the idea that if Henry Clay had been elected in 1844, which he goes on to prove as plausible, we would be in a much different country. The thesis as a whole is stated as “… My focus is on a different pair of wars: the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and the American Civil War of 1861-1865… Rather than project a different military outcome, I posit the absence of the Mexican-American War…The key to peace in my counterfactual scenario is a victory by Henry Clay over James K. Polk in the very close presidential election of 1844… As a result Texas would almost certainly have remained an independent republic in 1845, and the United States would not have gone to war with Mexico the following year. Based as it is on a highly plausible turn of events, this counterfactual scenario promises to advance our understanding of the causes of the Civil War”(77). He then adds the fact that there are two viewpoints that come from this counterfactual exercise; Revisionists, who believe that the Civil War could have been avoided, despite the sectional differences, and

When watching the movie Freedom Writers, I noticed much to do with nonverbal communication, but I thought I would focus on the topic of space or “proxemics.” Proxemics is the study of how close or far away from people or objects we position ourselves (p.88). When the students are outside of the school before class they segregate themselves into cultural groups. There are large spacial gaps between these groups which gives you the idea that the groups do not mix. Edward T.Hall has four zones of Space (p.88). When the groups outside are separated, they are in what Hall refers to as Public Space, which is 12 feet and beyond. The split follows into the classroom when the students sit for the first day. Many pull their desks toward and away groups

This concept of space being defined pertains to the ideas of modernism in reference to the importance of space, and exactly how to efficiently utilize it. Similar to that seen in the courtyard in front of Wiess Law, the large open space helps create a more communal and interactive area for the visitors to be more aware. Such as Mies embraces the idea of creating areas for individuals to become more contemplative about their surroundings, William Watkin had similar ideas when designing the original building and its landscape. This concept coincides with the building itself and its architectural

In Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe by Benjamin Alire Saenz and Maximilian the Mystery of the Guardian Angel by Xavier Garza demonstrate how positive male role models are part of the Latino culture in literature as well as in real life. Throughout these two books which target young adults, Saenz and Garza emphasize the constant presence of positive male role models and the importance of their impact on the characters. Similarities between Garza and Saenz indicate that contemporary Mexican-American fathers/role models can be affectionate, involved, as well as morally and emotionally supportive which helps shape the young individual become a better person academically and socially.

Henri Lefebvre (1991) asserted that the production of space concerns the “performances of power through (as cited in Aitken & Dixon, 2006, p. 332). Space is power. Large spaces between the rich and the poor in the buying area underline the performance of space. The representation of space is much more crowded for the poor as shown in the Piazza Vittorio. Gonzaga (2017) would call this the “cinematographic unconscious of slum voyeurism” (p. 102). Representational spaces are filled up with the power of the government and the rich. The scene of the linen being brought up in the warehouse of linen characterizes society’s gross inequality, suggesting that the rich steals from the poor the most. Depicting the poor as they are illustrates the spaces denied to them. If they are concentrated in any space, it is the space of neglect and impoverishment.

Space that is documented and utilized by humans, whether directly or indirectly, takes on a basic level of social utility and cultural construction. As Elias Canetti would suggest, the prospect of touch carries with it the risk of being taken and subsequently assimilated or digested (1). The predecessors to the first great urban parks in the United States, namely country estates, cemeteries, and town squares or plazas, all contribute some aesthetic and related ideological basis for a newly emerging discourse of urban parks. Parks were seen as the “poor-man’s countryside,” in reference to the country estates of the wealthy. Also, cemeteries were the first naturalistic open spaces consistently built within urban boundaries. The idea of the commons and town square is perhaps the most telling predecessor of the city park.