The Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Essay

HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the body's cells. The cells within a person's body that fight off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them. HIV over time will destroy so many of these cells that the body is unable to fight off infection anymore. When this starts happening, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the final stage

Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome, which is popularly known as AIDS is a deadly disease as it attacks and adversely destroys body’s immune system. AIDS is brought about by a virus called Human Immune-Deficiency Virus, better known as HIV. This virus is minute, even invisible to a powerful microscope and can remain in the body for years without showing any visible symptoms. AIDS is the final stage of infection of the virus. It takes a period of about 10 years between being infected with HIV developing AIDS. The first case of AIDS infection in America was detected in 1959. Later, AIDS emerged as a fatal widespread disease in the 1980s in almost all countries in the world. This started with

HIV is a sexually transmitted disease that attacks the body’s immune system by diminishing CD4 cells that help prevent and fight illnesses. HIV is a virus, more specifically a retrovirus that transcribes its RNA into the host cell’s DNA, and is spread by a transfer in bodily fluids namely drug injection and condomless sex. As the disease progresses into acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), the virus continues eliminating CD4 cells until the immune system becomes virtually ineffective [5]. Scientists first identified HIV in 1985 in response to the AIDS crisis plaguing the United States [6]. With no cure yet available, those affected with HIV must rely on antiretroviral drug therapy to decrease their chances of developing AIDS [7].

The human immunodeficiency virus gets its name by the sole species it affects and the characteristic damage it does to the body, which is also known as HIV. Viruses are notorious for the mode in which they reproduce; a virus enters the body, seizes the body’s cells, and uses it as a host. This is the only way for viruses to replicate. HIV takes over the body’s T cells, also known as CD4 cells, which are important to defend the body from various antigens. Normally, T cells would respond to infection and diseases by neutralizing, creating antibodies to fight off the antigen the next time it comes around, or lessen the effects it has on the body. Infections such as pneumonia that would make a regular person incredibly ill could be fatal to someone

HIV goes through several different movements before it leads to AIDs. The first step is the serioconversion illness. This symptoms of this illness is very similar to the flu and an affected individual will

HIV is a disease which eventually kills ones immune system, and as time progresses it leads to AIDS. When the HIV enters a human, it attaches itself to a CD4 receptor and continues to enter the T-Cell. It then reprograms the cell to produce more HIV using the enzyme, reverse transcriptase. The HIV then leaves the host cell, but kills it before it leaves. Then, the HIV cells attach their selves to new T cells, and infect those as well. After about 12 weeks, the HIV antibodies appear in the humans blood stream. The disease starts off with a fever, sweats, headache, sore throats and enlarged lymph nodes. Once the CD4 cell count decreases to 200 um, AIDS gets developed and the low T count cell lowers ones immune system. Then, the

The first stage is acute infection: during this period of infection huge amounts of HIV are being produced in the body. The virus then begins to use vital immune cells called CD4 which are part the white blood cells to make more copies of the virus while destroying the cells in the process. This stage is very critical because the HIV disease is at its all time highest.

Stein et al. (2015) similarly conducted a prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing effects of three ART treatments on carotid wall intima-media thickness (IMT). This was a multicenter project taking place over 26 institutions and included a total 328 participants. Subjects included HIV infected individuals who were not on any ART regimen and did not have known cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus. Participants who reported use of statins, fish oil, fibric acid derivatives or niacin were excluded from the study. All subjects received tenofovir/emtricitabine and additionally were randomized equally between one of three regimens of atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), or raltegravir (RAL). Right common

Asymptomatic (or latent) period which is the second stage is a period without symptoms. In this stage people may not know if they have the HIV and can pass it on to others. This period can last for 10 or more years and during this stage, the HIV is slowly killing the CD4 T- cells and damaging the immune system. When the person do a blood test during this time, the CD4 T- cell number is revealed. A normal person CD4 T- cell is between 450 and 1,400 cells per microliter. As the CD4 T- cells drops, the person body becomes vulnerable to other infections and the person will be in danger of getting AIDS. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the third and advanced stage of the HIV infection. When the CD4 T- cells drops to 220, the person is diagnose with AIDS. (According to 2005-2015 WebMD, “Understanding HIV/AIDS Symptoms”)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a dangerous virus that attacks the human immune system. Someone infected with the virus can live with HIV, or be HIV positive, for many years without any illness or showing symptoms. During this time, HIV remains in the body damaging the immune system and the person remains infectious. HIV causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if it remains untreated. AIDS is a stage of HIV where one can have life threatening illnesses. However, infection with HIV does not mean that one has AIDS. AIDS is the last stage of HIV and people can lose their lives at this stage. HIV is a virus that can be transmitted but AIDS cannot be transmitted. (Can.org.au, 2008)

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or AIDS comes from the latest stage of the HIV disease. HIV is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is a retrovirus which means it has RNA nucleic acid and genetic material where most have DNA. The virus enters the cells of the body as most do, through endocytosis of white blood cells trying to kill it. When a macrophage ingests a virus, the cell then takes a piece of the virus and presents it on the surface, thus becoming an antigen presenting cell. The antigen presenting cell would then bind to CD4+ cells, also known as helper T cells, who then initiate the humoral or cell-mediated immune response. The humoral response includes the B-cells who release antibodies. The cell-mediated response includes the killer T cells or CD8+ cells. The aspect of the virus that makes it so problematic is the CD4+ cells and how the virus affects them. Cells infected with HIV eventually die and the gradual destruction of the CD4+ cells weaken the immune system functioning because of their job of activating the third line of defense. The number of antibodies in the body would then decrease and with the immune system so reduced, regular microorganisms that normally would not affect the body are now dangerous. These now lethal microorganisms are known as opportunistic infectious organisms. CLASS NOTES

AIDS is one of the world’s most deadly diseases. AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the progression of the HIV virus. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. Unlike some other viruses, the human body can’t get rid of HIV completely. According to AIDS.gov, once you have HIV, you have it for life. HIV attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which help the immune system fight off infections. If left untreated, HIV reduces the number of CD4 cells (T cells) in the body, making the person more likely to get infections or infection-related cancers. Over time, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that the body cannot fight off infections and disease. The diseases include a number of severe infections, cancers and devastating illnesses, resulting in severe weight loss or wasting away, and diseases affecting the brain and central nervous system. These infections or cancers take advantage of a very weak immune system and signal that the person has AIDS, the last state of HIV infection. This is the affect of AIDS on the body. (AIDS.gov)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV, is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), and is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. AIDS HIV/AIDS deteriorates a person 's ability to fight infections. It can be transmitted through direct contact of a mucous member or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid and breast milk and through unprotected sex and needle sharing. An HIV test checks finding. Medications may subdue the virus and delay the onset of AIDS. HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source clear-sightedness. HIV/AIDS cannot be cured but it can be treated, it requires a medical diagnosis, and lab test. (According to 2005-2015 WebMD, “HIV/AIDS Health Center”)

HIV damages the immune system and destroys the body 's CD4 T lymphocytes (T cells), one of many types of white blood cells the body uses to fight disease. T cells help the immune system "identify" foreign organisms that should be attacked. Thus, when the T cells are destroyed, it 's like being defended by a leaderless army that is easily defeated.

As much as there are good happenings in life, there are bad happenings as well. Overtime there have been new diseases and viruses that strike us unexpectedly and for the worst. One of the many epidemic viruses that shook our world was the virus known as HIV. When the virus HIV first hit the globe it was horrifying and everyone around the world was petrified for his or her life. For instance, folks believed it would be another plaque sequence where many people died like the drop of a dime. In fact, the virus was fatal in certain areas such as San Francisco and most common amongst homosexual males. Men were living with no hope for the future and had to plan to live their lives in the moment. However, all the doubts and unfaithful thinking stopped when a major break through and advancement was developed for HIV. For years the medical field did not know how to help people infected with the virus but after research and experiments were conducted they found their first advancement against HIV. The advancement is best known as protease inhibitors, specifically Ritonavir. Although this was not a cure, the protease inhibitor Ritonavir was an advancement that prolonged people’s lives. With this advancement folks could look towards and plan for the future since there was a better chance of them living longer with this kind of treatment opportunity. With that being said, there was a lot of information that had to be researched and studied in order to transpire this advancement. This