The Human Papillomavirus ( Hpv )

The HPV virus has gone unseen by many until the recent controversy over the vaccine. However, this virus is thought to be one of the world’s most wide spread STD’s. “According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 6.2 million women and men are newly infected every year” with HPV. HPV has over 100 strains, with more than thirty that are sexually transmitted. Some of these strains are known to cause cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, or penis cancers and others can cause genital warts. “Studies have found the vaccine to be almost 100% effective in preventing diseases caused by the four HPV types covered by the vaccine—including precancers of the cervix, vulva and vagina, and genital warts” (“HPV Questions and

The most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) is human papillomavirus (HPV) (CDC, 2013). Over half of sexually activity people will become infected with HPV at some point in their lifetime (National Cancer Institute, 2012). HPV can fall into two categories: low-risk HPV and high-risk HPV (National Cancer Institute, 2012). Low-risk HPV, also known as HPV types 6 and 11, cause about 90% of genital warts (National Cancer Institute, 2012). High-risk HPV, also known as HPV types 16 and 18, causes about 70% of cervical cancer (National Cancer Institute, 2012).

HPV is the number one sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States, and anyone who is sexually active is at risk of contracting the virus. HPV is transmitted through intimate skin-to-skin contact with someone who has the virus, and it is so common that most all sexually active men and women encounter a strain without ever knowing they’re infected (CDC). There are many strains of the HPV virus, some of which don’t cause cervical cancer. To help understand and classify the types of HPV, the terms low-risk and high-risk HPV are used. Some

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most commonly sexually transmitted disease in the United States. It is estimated that at least 80% of men and women acquire an HPV infection during their lifetime. “In a recent study of women in the United States 25% of fourteen to nineteen year olds were infected with at least one type of HPV. HPV is often acquired within a few months of sexual initiation, even among people with only one partner”. (Contemporary OB/GYN) Men are the main carriers of this infection but once a woman has been exposed to the infection she is also a carrier of HPV. Once a person has been

Cumulatively, the prevention and treatment of HPV and its associated diseases are responsible for a staggering approximately 8 billion in

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a group of more than 200 related viruses. More than 40 HPV types can be easily spread through direct sexual contact, from the skin and mucous membranes of infected people to the skin and mucous membranes of their partners. They can be spread by vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Other HPV types are responsible for non-genital warts, which are not sexually transmitted. High-risk HPV types cause approximately 5 percent of all cancers worldwide. In the United States, high-risk HPV types cause approximately 3 percent of all cancer cases among women and 2 percent of all cancer cases among men. High-risk HPVs cause several types of cancer: cervical cancer, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, anal cancer, penile

This year alone approximately 12,360 documented new cases of cervical cancer in the United States and 4,020 deaths according to National Cancer Institute (“Cervical Cancer”, 2014). Cervical cancer is a slow growing cancer that grows in the tissues of the cervix (an organ that connects the uterus and vagina). The disease is predominantly caused by the human papillomavirus infection (HPV). According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the HPV virus is so common that nearly all sexually active women and men get it at some point in their lives. Many types of HPV exist, some causing genital warts and potentially cervical cancer. Individuals can get HPV by having unprotected genital to genital touching, oral, vaginal, or anal sex. Anyone who is sexually active can get HPV, and can develop symptoms years after they had sex with someone who is infected, making it difficult to know when they first became infected.

The Human Papillomavirus, also known as HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Currently there are millions of people in USA with HPV. It’s so common, nearly every sexually active person gets HPV at some point in their lives. Doctors are currently using 3 different vaccines to prevent HPV. Alot of people don’t know they have been infected because it may take years to have any signs or symptoms.

There are several strains of the human papillomavirus the highest risk strains for cervical cancer are HPV 16 and 18 those strains cause 70 percent of cervical cancer along with a few other high-risk strains. There are low-risk strains that cause things such as common warts, which are seen on the skin, or genital warts seen on the mucous membranes. For the purpose of this paper, we will only be covering strains that can lead to cervical cancer. Transmission of HPV is fairly easy which may be why it is so prominent in our society today. HPV is transmitted primarily by sexual activity but can also occur due to prolonged exposure to things like skin-to-skin interaction, or wear of clothing that has been chronically exposed to the virus. It is

Subpoint 1: According to the CDC (2008), HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Approximately 20 million people are currently infected with the virus in the United States (Myers et al., 2000). About 6.2 million Americans get a new genital HPV infection each year

Papillomaviruses are exceptionally predominant in the set of all animals, however every infection has its own particular assault arrangement. Human papillomaviruses can cause an assortment of therapeutic conditions. HPVs are non-concealed DNA infections that contaminate cells of the skin and mucous layers. A great many people who contract human papillomavirus disease have no side effects, and they rapidly clear the infection from their bodies. In any case, in other individuals certain sorts of generally safe HPVs cause genital warts. Other HPV sorts are the primary driver of cervical malignancy, and are related with butt-centric, penile, mouth, and throat growths. These are alluded to as

Of the more than 100 known strains of HPV, fifteen types have been found to be the most carcinogenic and contribute to 95% of all cervical cancers. HPV-16 accounts for at least 50% of all cervical cancer while HPV-18—the second most carcinogenic—accounts for at least 10%. At the same time, HPV-16 alone accounts for more than 80% of all vulvar and vaginal cancer (p. 250). But cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers represent only a portion of the carcinogenic effects of HPV. Nearly a decade after the studies that linked HPV to genital cancers, Cleveland et al. (2011) completed a meta-analysis study of The Cochrane Library and the National Guideline Clearinghouse between January 2005 and May 2011, finding that “HPV-16 alone is associated with 85 to 95 percent of oropharyngeal cancers” (p. 917). Furthermore, the meta-analytical study of more than one million women on five continents by Bruni et al. found that between 14.0 and 24.0% of women studied were infected with a form of potentially cancer-causing HPV (p. 1790). Prior to Bruni et al.’s study, it had been presumed that only 10% of the world’s women were infected with HPV (de Sanjose et al., 2007), the true rates being 40% to 140% greater than expected. In other words, once a direct cause-effect relationship between HPV and cancer was found, the need to prevent HPV infection became an exigent, global issue for both men and women’s health.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). “Approximately 20 million Americans are infected with HPV as of 2009, and another 6.2 million people become newly infected each year” (Langwith, 2013, p.16). There are many causes for HPV including vaginal sex, oral sex, anal sex, abrasions of skin, and passing of HPV between mother and child during a vaginal birth. The effects of HPV after being contracted include cancer, genital warts, planter warts, and palmer warts.

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States among teens and young adults (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). HPV is known to attack epithelial cells and as many as 75% to 80% of males and females can become infected in their lifetime (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., 2012). There are many different strains—some of which cause no symptoms and others that can cause genital warts, as well as various types of oropharyngeal and/or anogenital cancers. There are currently three vaccines licensed by the FDA since 2006—Cervarix, Gardasil, and Gardasil 9. These vaccines are a 3-dose series recommended for routine use among girls and boys at ages 11 and 12, and ages 13-26 for those who have not previously been infected. Although these vaccines do not protect against all HPV strains, they do protect against the two most common high-risk (cancer-causing) strains—types 16 and 18. In addition to preventing types 16 and 18, the Gardasil vaccine protects against the two most common low-risk (genital warts-causing) strains and the Gardasil 9 vaccine protects against five additional cancer-causing strains, as well as the other strains previously mentioned. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015)The purpose of the Bauldur-Felskov et al (2014) study was to assess the efficacy of the HPV vaccine against cervical lesions by comparing the incidence trends before and after the vaccination program was first implemented.

Cervical cancer affects about 200 women in New Zealand per year and almost 70 women die every year because of it. This commonly happens to women whom are in their 30’s and often with no symptoms (Southern Cross, 2015). This problem is caused by a type of human papilloma virus or HPV which is commonly transmitted thru sexual contact and an estimated count of 80% on sexually active women are affected in their lives. About 40 types of Human Papilloma Virus are linked with