The Human Visual System ( Hvs ) For More Secure And Effective Data Hiding

Thus steganography is said to be a covert communication. In contrast to Cryptography, where the enemy is allowed to detect, intercept and modify messages without being able to violate certain security premises guaranteed by a cryptosystem, the goal of Steganography is to hide messages inside other harmless messages in a way that does not allow any enemy to even detect that there is a presence of second message [1]. Both steganography and cryptography are meant for secret communication but the approach is different. Hiding of secret message using steganography can be done in different forms like text steganography, image steganography, audio steganography and video steganography. Encoding secret messages in audio is the most challenging task while using steganography because human auditory system (HAS) is more perceptive than human visual system (HVS) [5]. Thus audio file is used as a cover file to hide secret data and it is called audio steganography. In Audio steganography, secret message is embedded into digitized audio signal which results into altering the binary sequence of corresponding audio file. There are several methods are available for audio

Steganography in the context of digital content piracy serves primarily as a method to track where digital assets are moving or who is receiving them. It can be a good solution for distribution of a small number of copies but becomes less effective when distributing on a wide basis. In order for it to be effective a content provider needs to recover the content by means of the unauthorized channel and examine the indicator marked on the copy. This is cumbersome for wide distribution but can be used on a broad basis such as by region. Region coding is used with many DVD releases for example but can also be considered a type of DRM (Andrew,

The internet and the development of digital technology (computer-based technology) in particular, have made the most significant impact in the field of information and communication technology in the past decade. The internet is essentially a network of computers across the world which is linked through global

Goal of coding theory is different to data hiding method even though both methods use the error correction codes [23]. In coding theory, syndrome equation in the first stage of decoder block is used to detect and correct error which is not expected in advance at the encoder block, whereas in data hiding, syndrome is used to choose proper coefficients to insert a watermark signal and decrease distortion. In the embedding process, by choosing proper e(x), some of the host image bits are modified intentionally.

In order to regulate these treats, the definition of property has been extended to ones that take forms of electronic data and even to intellectual ones. By recognising such properties it is now possible to identify the damage incurred and the victim which enables us to enforce the traditional doctrine of property offences approach. To reward the victims for the damages they suffered under the civil law and to prosecute the offender and enforce penalties under the criminal law.

Multimedia content is also in collaboration with Encryption & Decryption standards (CBR).The below paper is the general

“A copyright provides protection for original works of authorship, fixed in a tangible medium of expression including literary, musical, and dramatic works, as well as photographs, audio and visual recordings, software, and other intellectual works.” (Hinson, 2014) Copyrights are often the most difficult intellectual property to protect. The internet has become such an important tool for business and commerce. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to enforce laws that are broken via the internet. Many times piracy is the biggest issue of copyright infringement that involves intellectual property.

Information security is a major concept in today’s industrial and computer era, so security must be higher to protect the confidential data. Information security plays major role in computer and network security with the use of different cryptography algorithms that includes the encryption and decryption of data with the uses of the algorithm and the key. By means of text or numerical key for the encryption can be dangerous because with the several hack attacks that a key can be broken. So I have proposed a new mechanism that will replace the text key with the image pixels and can gain high security which cannot be easy to break without prior knowledge.

This division can be performed up to many levels. It captures not only notion of frequency content but also temporal content. Wavelets provide a mathematical way of encoding information in such a way that it is layered according to level of detail. DWT is more computationally efficient than other transformations because of its excellent localization properties. Wavelets are capable of complete lossless reconstruction of image[6].

The threat of steganography has been known to the law enforcement community for years but how can the hidden information be found with the messages spread across the entire internet. Hidden messages were always transported through public settings, with there being so many web sites especially those that could easily be modified anonymously like Craigslist, Wikipedia and Google maps could lead to an infinite possibility of locations to hide information. (Shachtman, 2010) The only way that many of these web pages are tracked are through the use of an email address and IP addresses, both of which could easily be spoofed through the use of one time use accounts, anonymizers or web proxies. Hidden messages could be hidden using any of the steganography tools, within these public web sites simply by posting an article on

Abstract- Steganography means secret communication. It can also be defined as the study of invisible communication that is used to hide the existence of the communicated data in such a way that it remains confidential. In steganography, secret data can be communicated in an appropriate multimedia carrier such as image, audio and video files. Steganography can be classified into two types - Adaptive steganography and Non-adaptive steganography. Each has its strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we review some adaptive and non-adaptive methods of steganography.

Image domain also known as spatial domain techniques; embed messages in the intensity of the pixels directly. In transform domain; also known as frequency domain, images are first transformed and then the message is embedded in the image. Image domain techniques encompass bit-wise methods that apply bit insertion and noise manipulation and are sometimes characterized as “simple systems”. The image formats that are most suitable for image domain steganography are lossless and the techniques are typically dependent on the image format. Steganography in the transform domain involves the manipulation The main purpose of Steganography, which means ‘writing in hiding’ is to hide data in a cover media so that others will not be able to notice it. While cryptography is about protecting the content of messages, steganography is about concealing their very existence [1]. The applications of information hiding systems mainly range over a broad area from military area, intelligence agencies, internet banking, online elections, medical-imaging and so on. The cover medium is usually chosen keeping in mind the type and size of the secret message and many different type carrier file formats can be used. These variety of applications make steganography a hot

The rapid invention going in internet usage has resulted in the media ownership and attention towards intellectual property rights among internet users. In this paper, a Multiwavelet Transform (MWT) based video encoding is proposed. Video watermarking is the practice of inserting an encode information known as the watermark, into an original video in an imperceptible approach. The watermark converts or represents information that can protect the watermarked video, typically identifying the source or the intended destination of the video. The embedded watermark may be detected by using a watermark detector, which helps to possible an application to react to the presence (or absence) of the watermark in a video. However, the watermarked video may be processed, or attacked, prior to watermark detection. Attacks may remove the fixed watermark or make the watermark more complicated to detect. A logo watermark is composed in the uncompressed field of a video. Using IM, the watermark is embedded into the chosen multiwavelet coefficients by quantizing the coefficients. Scrambled watermarks are generated using a set of secret keys, and each watermark is embedded in each motionless scene of the video. The multi-wavelet transform uses two transformations such as Haar transform and Doubchies transform. The work is done with the help of designed user interface. This method extracts the secret message correctly and this provides better performance.

Steganography (pronounced STEHG-uh-NAH-gruhf-ee, from Greek steganos, or "covered," and graphie, or "writing") is the hiding of a secret message within an ordinary message and the extraction of it at its destination. Steganography takes cryptography a step further by hiding an encrypted message so that no one suspects it exists. Ideally, anyone scanning data will fail to know it contains encrypted data (Neijts and Semilof, 2007). The need to keep sensitive information out of the hands of certain people is growing rapidly and for some organisations, it is becoming more of a necessity than ever with the growing rate of internet communications. This report presents both the general information on steganography and the importance of it. The report shows the need to be able to understand how it works, and the advantages and disadvantages of steganography for companies across the world.

The copying of text, sound, and graphics has become easy to do, but it is extremely hard to detect. With the increased use of the Internet and software tools that ease the copying of information, text, sound, and graphics can be used without the permission of the author or creator. To copy a word, sentence, or an entire paper all one needs to do is