The Impact Of Rules And Norms Shape State Behavior

In today’s society, norms are expected by everyone. According to the book Essentials of Sociology a Down- To- Earth Approach, Hansen states that norms are expectations of "right” behavior (Hansen, 2014). There are also two forms of norms that may be strictly enforced or not. There is folkways and mores. Folkways are norms that aren’t strictly enforced while mores are strictly enforced for essential thought to care values or the well-being of a group (Hansen, 2014). Along with a norm and the two types, there may also be reactions to it. These reactions may be positive or negative and termed as sanctions. Sanctions are either expressions of an approval given to people for upholding norms or expression of disapproval for violating them (Hansen, 2014). In conducting a norm experiment, the terms were put to a test. The experiment consisted of an observed norm violation and an individual norm violation. The experiments resulted in what I had hypothesized. My hypothesis consisted of sanctions of the norms that were conducted.

The idea of political culture is found within the state’s history. The history of the state is impacted by the people settled in the region, religious backgrounds, and geography. The history of the state influences the attitudes and beliefs that people hold regarding their political system. Daniel Elazar theorized a connection between the states’ history and attitude towards government by explaining differences in government between states. Every state is different with some common ground. Elazar’s theory divides states into three types: moralistic, traditionalistic and individualistic. The state’s constitution defines the powers of government with political culture bias. Because of the state constitution, the political culture

Whether one realizes it or not, the world we live in is governed by certain expectations and unwritten rules that our society creates. These expected behaviors are called norms. When one establishes the role that they play in society, they are governed by the expectations that society places on that specific role. Norms give order to a society, but is that enough to say that they are good for citizens? Are these norms needed to govern our behavior in a way that our government cannot? Social norms and the effect that they can have on a person or group of people is shown through Shakespeare's The Tempest. The characters in The Tempest are negatively affected by the unwritten social norms that they are expected to follow, and today these

Social norms have always played a major role in today's society. A social norm is how we consider behaviors to be appropriate. However, norms are the rules and guidelines regarding what kinds of behavior are acceptable (Mills 1959). Social norms are essentially the means by which any given society may construct and organize itself. They are the ways in which a society defines what tends to be acceptable and unacceptable when it comes to an individual. Different views change over time whether it is through history or an individual themselves who tends to age. Sometimes staying up to date with society and keeping up with the new trends can be unhealthy and have an effect on individuals and the public. The social norm I choose to break was walking into a public men's restroom at a restaurant while out with friends. I choose this social norm because it shows the men's reactions and behaviors once I entered their restroom. However, their behaviors showed how society acts toward certain situations in certain places and what roles are played during the process.

One of the main questions psychologist have is what a specifically makes a certain behavior a social norm. McLeod (2008) classified social norms to be un-written rules on human-behavior. Because these rules are unwritten, it is almost impossible to give a specific number of how many social-norms there are. Social-norms are guidelines humans follow in certain social-groups or cultures. Social norms influence public and private sanctions. For example, what kind of music one listens to or what kind

As we know, norms are social expectations that guide our behavior. In this paper, I will discuss norm violations that I’ve observed, and my own personal norm violation that I committed. I will describe what happened, what was done, and the reactions of the people around when these norms begat. I will also discuss the significance of folkways, mores, values, and sanctions to my observations.

Douglas E. Ramage, ”Indonesia: Democracy First, Good Governance Later,” Southeast Asian Affairs 2007:1 (2007), pp. 152.

tendencies. Together, the process-oriented approach is useful to understand and examine the how and why of normative behaviors in specific situations.

To understand the role norms perform in culture we must first know consider what a culture is. Sullivan (2009) says “culture refers to the total lifestyle of a people” (p. 57). Norms are a component of culture because they are a part of people’s lifestyle. They are one of the foundations culture stands upon, along with, beliefs, values, and language (Sullivan, 2009). Norms are certainly amalgamated with other parts of culture but they are not exactly the same as the other components. Norms differ from beliefs and values in that norms are more specific. A belief is an individual’s conception about what is true; while a value is an extremely broad guideline for acceptable or unacceptable behavior (Sullivan, 2009). Norms are rather more specific behavioral guidelines (Sullivan, 2009).

'Social norms are rules and standards that are understood by members of a group, they identity belief systems about our perceptions of how or not to behave. They are used to guide behaviour without the force of laws' Prislin & Wood (2008). Social norms help us to apprehend uneasiness. They attribute to our judge ment of how

Norms - Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members – Norms can apply to program, because the program is implemented to help correct students behavior, so it can give them the best quality life expectations. These norms can consist of following rules, doing civil leadership within a

Norms are the rules and regulation that a group lives by. It is accepted in ways of doing things- rules developed by a group of people that specify how people must, should, May, should not, and must not behave in various situations. There are three types of norms such as Folkway which often referred as customs. The standard behavior that are socially approved but not morally significant with less consequences. Mores is a strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior, it is based on definitions of right and wrong. Lastly,

Theorists have agreed, within their own disciplines, on either specific definitions of or even what distinguishes a rule from a social norm (Gibbs, 1965; Shimanoff, 1980). In general, norms differ from rules in that the latter are more formalized through codification and are prescriptive and controllable. Rules are punishable through external sanctions applies by other members of the group or designated authority outside of the social aggregate (Gibbs, 1965, 1972). A norm is an abstract idea of a behavior held in the mind of the group member that sets certain limits for acceptable behavior (Johnson,

After Suharto ended his long dictatorial reign in 1998 there was a substantial increase in religious and ethnic conflict in Indonesia. Author Jacques Bertrand claims religious and ethnic conflict defined Indonesia’s national model. This resulted in three critical junctures during Suharto’s retirement of his sovereign rule. The three critical junctures defined Indonesia’s “terms of citizenship, and give meaning to the structure and procedures of an institution” (Bertrand, 20). When Suharto left as dictator, major political and social changes consumed Indonesia, which threatened the Indonesian realm. The people of Indonesia struggled to define their sense of nationalism.

Political leadership in East Timor however has been an obstacle in the process of achieving actual sustainable growth. Many leaders date to the period of Indonesian occupation and their leadership styles reflect this. One example is the leadership style of its former Prime Minister Gusmao. Gusmao was chiefly accused of leading neo-patrimonially as a product of the resistance era mentality. Part of these accusations come from his tendency to award contracts and consistently make purchasing decisions without consulting the actual members of his cabinet. When advisors were consulted, they were frequently other members of resistance groups dating back to Indonesian occupation. East Timor’s own laws are written to prevent such events, but the mentality of guerilla leadership has lead to the idea officials can act unilaterally without a dialogue. Gusmao was replaced in 2015, but this makes up the majority of the young nation’s lifespan. Gusmao continues to hold office as the minister of Finance, and several other major government positions are occupied by other resistance leaders. Corruption is not an uncommon occurrence in developing nations, but