The Impact Of The Building Industry

In the past decade, the severe air pollution problem in fast developing countries, particularly in China, has caused highly social and scientific attention. In 2014, 92 % of the world population are exposed over to the WHO Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) PM2.5 concentration level of 10 μg/m3 (World Health Organization, 2016). Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution ranked as the third leading risk factor in India and Nepal, and ranked as the fifth in China (GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators, 2016). In 2012, about 3 million deaths globally were attributed solely to ambient air pollution, and around 87% of it occurred in low- and middle-income countries (World Health Organization, 2016).

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges that we currently face. With the ever-increasing uptake in the usage of fossil fuels, and getting ever closer to reaching peak oil, it is becoming of increasing importance to reduce our consumption of these non-renewable resources. The United Kingdom (UK) has been set a target to reduce its CO2 output level by at least 80% by 2050, in comparison to a 1990 baseline (Climate change act (2008)). This is a great challenge set by the European Union (EU) that UK is legally obliged to commit to. A large proportion of this CO2 output can be attributed to the UK’s housing sector, which currently accounts for 27% of the UK’s total CO2 level (Davies, P. and Osmani, M. (2011)). Clearly,

Residential houses in the United Kingdom remain amongst the least energy efficient in Europe. Generally housing responsible for about 30.0% of all energy use in the UK. The figure for London was even is higher, approximately 37%. It is also within first 10 world's greatest producer of man-made carbon emissions, producing around 1.8% of the global total generated from fossil fuels in 2008. Climate Change Act 2008 set out provisions and a legally binding target for reducing UK carbon dioxide emission by at least 26 per cent by 2020 and at least 80 per cent by 2050. It sets out main actions should be taken by the UK regarding the issue and how reductions of the emissions should be delivered.

A questionnaire was sent to building companies and contractors to ascertain the reason less passive houses were being built

Population development is an issue set to move us all, not only those in the construction industry. Population development will put amplified stress on the world’s resources, with physical space on behalf of one of the most precious resources on the planet. It’s up to the construction workers and the architects to understand how to use urban spaces more professionally and efficiently, accommodating additional people in luxury without reducing resources drastically. Expanding populations and increasing economies overseas are expected to have a knock-on effect on Britain's construction industry, too. Britain has a worldwide recognised ability for design, architecture and engineering, although, according to the 2025 strategy report, we’re yet

“The construction industry is a sector of the national economy engaged in preparation of land and construction, alteration, and repair of buildings, structures, and other real property” (BusinessDictionary, 2016). This sector in recent years has experienced declines in growth and has growing tendencies of entering a recession. It has to be recognised that it is an extremely volatile industry which has adverse effects on macroeconomic objectives some of which includes economic growth and unemployment. This sector also affects aggregate demand and aggregate supply; all of which will be analysed and evaluated in conjunction with diagrams and the impact that they have on the economy in general. In addition to this, the effects that this sector has on the housing sector will be analysed. These areas will be critically analysed and evaluated to demonstrate the impact that they have on the economy in general.

The smog seen lurking over the streets of China is caused by the emissions of particle matter and these emissions contribute to the rising risks

The objective of this paper is to analyze the homebuilding industry fundamentals, externalities, and its cyclical history by evaluating macro environmental threats and opportunities; defining the products and markets; delineating capabilities and competitors within the homebuilding industry; describing the five-forces of competition; and identifying key success factors for this industry. This analysis will use two of the top four U.S. homebuilders, Lennar and PulteGroup to help better understand the industry. Although these two firms have opposite approaches to standard features, land and inventory strategy, and operational focus, both have shown the ability to weather the deepest and darkest housing crisis our country has ever seen and

On a more general level, certain building codes and standards must undergo changes and be able to adapt “in anticipation of changes to weather patterns wrought by global warming.” However, certain building standards seem to be slow to change, with the National Construction Code, or NCC, “loosening… requirements with respect to energy performance” and “not yet [containing

These samples were collected at varies times of the year including, spring, summer, fall, and winter over twenty-three hours for five to seven days for the three megacities and the reference city. Samples for the background sites were collected over thirty to thirty-six hours on two occasions. A particulate sampler was used for PM2.5 and PM10 sampling (Zhang et al., 2016). After samples were collected they were stored at four degrees Celsius. Samples were then analyzed using certain

Data related to energy efficiency, utilities and construction is really difficult to obtain for a building, as many multifamily owners and operators never benchmark the energy performance of their building. This critical shortage of information about building energy performance has prevented property markets from valuing energy efficiency and severely undermined both public and private efforts to increase the energy efficiency of multifamily housing. This has really affected the development of energy efficient and green policies in multi family building. Green building is about improving our design and construction practices so that the multifamily homes we build today will last longer, cost less to operate, and won’t harm the health of workers and residents. It is also about protecting natural resources and improving the built environment so that ecosystems, people, enterprises and communities can thrive and prosper.

Concern about the environment and preservation of natural resource had become a heated debate among citizens, designers, and politics. United States alone uses a significant among of world’s energy and produces a great amount of greenhouse gas. According to U.S. Department of Energy’s EIA for 2007, commercial and residential buildings consume about 40 percent of the energy usage in the United States. Building constructions plays an important role in sustainable development and environmental preservation because building life cycle starts with

On 20 March 2012, the Building and Construction Industry Improvement (BCII) Act of the Australian Government was replaced by the Fair Work Bill (FWBI) 2012 which was implemented on 1 June 2012 (FWBC, 2012a). It was regarded as bill for ‘Transition to Fair Work Australia for the Building and Construction Industry’. The bill is intended towards:

The construction industry in Australia has over the recent three years provided increased employment thereby improving the economic financial performance. This has been fueled primarily by middle market construction firms. However, forecast shows that the total non-residential construction would fall between 2014 and 2016 due to falling levels of investment on project activities. The economic deficits incurred in the construction industry would be offset by investments in the telecommunication and commercial construction, especially in apartment building.

Progressive deterioration of global warming and protection of environment are important areas of interest for the whole world. Buildings as an underlying cause are responsible for global warming. Edwards (1996) pointed out that building has a key role to play as they are one of the major sources of energy consumption. And he (1996) also stated with some statistics to support this point that buildings account for about half of all global – energy, water, and raw materials as well as in the EU (Edwards, 1996, P. xiv). And another data is that buildings constitute about 45 per cent of carbon-dioxide emissions (John, 1998, P. xi). In addition, buildings should be accountable to most of land loss in agriculture. But it does not