The Impact On The Middle East

The Crusades first came about when a Muslim force from Asia Minor threatened the Christians that lived in Constantinople. Pope John Urban II called for the First Crusade in the year 1096. The Pope ordered this crusade to back the Byzantines, a Christian civilization, in the city of Constantinople because they were threatened by a Muslim force, ““Envoys arrived from Emperor Alexius of Constantinople to ask for help against the Muslims of Asia Minor”. Crusaders would follow the word of the Pope because he promised that, “fighting for God in return for a promise of salvation”. This compares to the inspiration of the War on Terror because President George W. Bush called for “this Crusade, this, War on Terror”, following the events of September 11, 2001, the

At the Council of Clermont in southern France In November of 1095, the Pope called for Western Christians to take up arms to aid the Byzantines and recapture the Holy Land from Muslim control. His plea was met with an incredible reply, by the military elite and ordinary citizens. (History.com)

The Crusades, a series of wars, are an extremely important part of history in the 12th century, occurring during the Middle Ages. The Middle East or the Holy Land was always a place that Christians traveled to to make pilgrimages. The Seljuk Turks eventually took control of Jerusalem and all Christians were not allowed in the Holy City. As the Turks power grew, they threatened to take over the Byzantine Empire and Constantinople. The Byzantine Emperor, Alexius I, asked Pope Urban II for help and Pope agreed, hoping to strengthen his own power. He He united the Christians in Europe and In 1095, Pope Urban II waged waged war against muslims in order to “reclaim the holy land.”

The Crusades were a series of holy wars that began in 1095 CE. These wars were fought between Christians and Muslims to gain control over the sacred land. The Turks moved into the middle east during the early part of the 11th century CE. Most of the Turks served the Islamic armies and would invade land rapidly using combat forces. This alarmed the Greek emperor and caused him to seek out Pope Urban II and ask for mercenary troops to confront the Turks. The Pope called a council and had 300 attendees to show up. During this council, the Pope made a plea to free the Holy Land, which received an enthusiastic response. After this, Pope Urban II promptly waged war against the Muslims and took armies of Christians to Jerusalem to try and

The start that led to the first crusade was in 1095. Alexius I Comnenus reached out to Pope Urban II to help him in taking back the Holy Land from the Turks. Wanting to have more power over the church, Pope Urban II accepted Alexius' request and banded the lords of Europe together as a military.

The First Crusade took place from 1096 to 1099. When the Byzantine army was defeated by the Seljuk Turks at the battle of Manzikirt, this created an outburst of chaos and civil war within themselves. When Alexius Comnemus took the throne, she decided to send Pope Urban II a letter asking for help. Pope Urban made a speech declaring the call for a Crusade to fight against the Seljuk Turks. Urban asked Christians to join forces to work to free the Holy Land from Muslim invaders.

Three of the world’s most powerful religions had gone to war during the Crusades, the same war that is responsible for an estimated 1.7 million deaths. The Crusades were a series of Christian military expeditions that lasted through nine Holy Wars. The first crusade, in 1095, was called upon by Pope Urban II in an attempt to stop the Muslim expansion to the Holy City of Jerusalem. Through this, the Christian, Catholic, and Muslim churches will go into a time of warfare as an attempt to both show their religious superiority and have a religious expansion. The western side of Europe was the most significantly impacted by the Crusades because of the 4th Crusade, the foreign influence from the East, and Europe’s economic relations with the world.

There were eight crusades the happened between 1095-1270. Pope urban ll called for a crusade in 1095. He had objectives for the crusaders to follow. The first crusade didn't happen till 1097 and only lasted a year. In that year they had done a lot.

The First Crusade (1096 - 1099) played a very important part in Medieval Europe .the First Crusade was an attempt to re-capture Jerusalem. After the capture of Jerusalem by the Muslims in 1076, any Christian who wanted to pay a pilgrimage to the city faced a very hard time. When the pope urban 2 made his speech he made lots and lots of people listen and got to war he machined that a lot of people were slaughterer and that this is what god wanted. Muslim soldiers made life very difficult for the Christians and trying to get to Jerusalem was filled with danger for a Christian.

For 200 years from the eleventh century to the twelfth century (1091-1291) a war between Christians (which is the most popular religion at this moment) and the Muslim religion fought to get back the Holy Land. Byzantine Empire were losing against the Muslim. The Byzantine Empire called the Pope for aid, he decided he would help only because they were Christians. This was a barbarous act that caused the death of an abundance amount of people and the eradication of many things. That is why The Crusade had a negative effect of the world even to this day, a big stain. One of the most impactful events that left a mark was the killing of many innocent people during that time. In Doc 1 it states “In Europe, crusaders sometime turned their fury against

The first crusade started in autumn of 1095. Pope Urban II initiated the first crusade by calling upon his Christians to reclaim the city of Jerusalem. The Crusade was also meant to seek revenge on the followers of Islam. The followers were accused of committing crimes against “Christendom”. Pope Urbans crusade was made possible by the work of St. Augustine on Christian Violence in the past. Many Christians joined the crusade because the Pope promised rewards for the afterlife. After the fourth century, Christianity underwent a transformation when it fused with the Roman state for which warfare was essential. St. Augustine and Pope Urban enabled violence to be an option for Christians and it can be described in this quote, “For the first time in Christian history, violence was defined as a religious act, a source of grace.” After the Pope’s Christian tour, many Christians were ready to destroy everything that stood in their way.

In 1095, Pope Urban II authorised the first Crusade to recover the holy land from the Muslims. This event has brought a big challenge because the Church was making a war against another religion. So the Pope wanted to take back Jerusalem (holy land) so he stated that he would forgive the sins of all people who went and fought in the holy land. This has changed drastically because the Pope has issued a new way to forgive sins and that just shows that the Pope is willing to do anything to win the Crusades. In 1099, the Crusaders conquer Jerusalem.

Pope Urban II called for a holy war in 1095. Urban wanted the Christians to take over the holy city of Jerusalem. He also said the Islamic people committed crimes against Christendom. When he called for this crusade he expected to have trained soldiers partake in the war and taking over of Jerusalem. What he didn’t expect were thousands of untrained peasants, but that’s what he got.

The Middle East is far from monumental and homogenous. Its differences have been a source of both strength and inspiration. The most visible, most pervasive, and the least recognized aspects of

The new borders created after World War 1created long lasting conflicts that continue to cause strife even today. At the end of WW1 the French and the British sat down to recreate the borders for the Middle East because they thought the local population would benefit from European rule. Prior to WW1 the region was based on tribal borders as represented by the following map.