The Impact of Multinational Enterprise (Mne) on the International Market and Nigerian Economy.

Typically, a multinational corporation develops new products in its native country and manufactures them abroad, often in Third World nations, thus gaining trade advantages and economies of labor and materials. Almost all the largest multinational firms are American, Japanese, or West European. Such corporations have had worldwide influence—over other business entities and even over governments, many of which have imposed controls on them. During the last

For several decades, literature has suggested that multinational corporations (MCNs), transnational corporations (TNCs), and or international business companies (IBCs), are among the most powerful and wealthiest organizations in the history of the world (Tirimba & Macharia, 2014; Bouquet & Birkinshaw, 2008; Fuchs, 2007; Cohen, 2007; Stopford, 1998; Meleka, 1985; Hawkins, 1979).

Multinationals have existed since the 17th century with European based companies such as British East India Company. These corporations have acknowledged as main agents of civilizations especially during the colonization era. In more recent times of globalization, these multinational organizations have been herald as being instruments for improving global relations through commercial engagements. However, what exactly are multinationals? Multinationals are business entities with presence and operations in more than one country. These operations outside their home countries is always channeled and achieved through mergers, acquisitions, and collaborations. It is estimated that multinationals globally are responsible for sales totaling $7.1 trillion and 28.3 percent of the world's GDP. To ensure that the operations of multinationals are checked and standardized, there are a number of institutions set up and these are The World Trade Organization (WTO), The World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

In the last few decades of the 20th century, the rapid transformation of the industrial world took a new form. The economy is one of the areas experiencing striking changes in these times. What is certain is the emergence of multinational companies, to some extent, open up opportunities for economic globalization. The economic growth in the 19th century in many developed countries are originated from international capital movements that growing rapidly at the time. Mobility of factors of production that occurred between the states reached its breaking point with the presence of multinational companies. Perhaps, the most important developments in international economic relations during the last three decades is the amazing surge of strength and influence of large multinational corporations. They are the main distributor of various factors of production, capital, labor and production technology, all in a massive scale, from one country to another.

Transnational Corporations (TNCs), also known as Multinational corporations (MNCs), are businesses that have subsidiaries in at least one other state other than their home state (Jackson, 2013) Due to their reach they have a fairly significant role on global politics. They control the mass of the economy and GDP of many states, place pressure on policy makers through their decisions and influence the decisions of citizens through media. They, however, would not be able to function without the rules and economic control states have to create a market place and media channels. This limits their power to an extent but they still retain a position of power within the global political scene.

The nature of Multinational Corporation does not allow containing a homogeneous structure of policies and practices. As, they operate into many

Globalization Operation, from the 1990s became the buzzword. With increased trade, investment and international financial capital flows, the world economy is undoubtedly steadily toward globalization. Foreign goods purchased by consumers increased, more and more transnational company, people feel the world is getting smaller, more intimate contact with each other. Following by China's reform and opening the market, China's growing economic strength and international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises is also rising, the number of multinational companies have increased, but there are still less competitive and dynamic issues such as inadequate in the development process . This article on how big of multinational companies

Multinational corporations are companies that that has at least one facility in another country than its home country. A good example of a multinational corporation is Nestle, Bacardi, Proctor & Gamble and Intel. These companies have offices and/or factories in other countries where they coordinate global management. While having facilities in other countries is a great way to cut costs and to create jobs in other countries, there are some disadvantages that should be taken into account regarding this practice as well.

As per definition of Pitelis and Sugden (2000, p.72), Multinationals (MNC’s) are corporations that operate in more than one country. Until recently, multinationals from developed economies had the primary control over the global market. They created opportunities, made acquisitions, made FDI’s in emerging markets. They were also sharing their knowledge and experiences with SME’s in emerging economies. The flows to a great extent were one way, however in the last few years, a considerable two way relationship has developed. The main reasons for the change in the set of circumstance has been due to the emergence of companies from rapidly developing economies, from what SME’s have learned from the knowledge and experience shared by

Several transactions occur every day in the international landscape and these are the special focus of the International Business. There are different relationships between companies, governments, and customers that shape the way business are conducted and challenge the strategy when a new market is going to be explored. There are two common activities that Multinational Enterprises MNEs perform: exports and imports, and foreign direct investments, these activities set a framework of regulations, policies, and economic considerations that vary according to the region or countries where MNEs act.

Rugman, A.M. & Cecilia, B. (2003). "Multinational Firms are Regional, Not Global", Multinational Business Review, 11 (1): 3-12.

Every Multinational Corporations (MNCs) or Multinational Enterprise (MNE) is a specialty unit which works all the while in various nations of the world. Sometimes the assembling unit might be in one nation, while the advertising and venture might be in other nation. In different cases

Multinational business enterprises have had a big impact on the global economy over the years because of their

Multinational Corporation may be defined as a group of people who works together in a private sector that produces whether goods or services and also brings into existence financial surpluses as target and also own assets used for production in more than one national unit in a global complex of nation states. The examples of multinational corporation companies are Coca Cola, Air France, chevron and so many others. Some of their advantages is that they operates massively, their assets and sales run into billions of dollars and make supernatural profits. They also operate all over the world, their control resides in the hand of individual organization but its interest and transaction spreads across national boundaries. It is also oligopolistic in structure, this occurs through the process of merger and turnover, they acquire awesome power coupled with it giant size makes in oligopolistic in character. They grow in a spontaneous and unconscious manner. They also operates in collective transfer of assets or resources which takes place in form of packages like equipment, machineries , raw materials, finished products and also managerial services. These are some of the benefits, it provides advanced technology and other technologies that are not in the host country, it also provides advanced capital internally and externally and gives a country the privilege to access global capital market. It allows the host country has access to superior global distribution and marketing

With globalization and development of advanced communication systems, many firms and corporations are becoming multinational enterprises. The term multinational firm describes the situation in which a firm extends beyond the borders of its individual mother country, state or nation and operates with affiliates and branches in more than two countries. Multinational firms also extend beyond continental boundaries and hence it’s always desirable to understand the reasons and factors which prompt firms to go multinational. In most cases, multinational firms replicate the same products in their host market. However, others distribute the phases of productions beyond their nation boundaries as a way of integrating the whole process (Contessi,