The Importance Of A 3d Supportive Structure

Regenerative medicine such as tissue replacement and wound healing has been used quite extensively for skin treatments over the years. Understanding the pathology of skin injury will bring effective treatments and wound healing outcomes. Several strategies like traditional skin grafts, certain biomaterials, and stem cell therapies are vital for current tissue injuries and the future of tissue regeneration.

Traumatic acute events leading to tendon losses as well as ruptures related to degenerative tendinopathy require a replacement of the damaged tissue. Yet in these cases, the healing process does not efficiently restore the native tendon structure and function, despite the surgical intervention with a high rate of re-tear (Sharma and Maffulli, 2006; Andarawis-Puri et al. 2015). Nowadays, tendon autografts are the common choice to reconstruct the tendon integrity, despite their limited supply, high donor-site morbidity, and poor functional outcomes ( Gazdag et al., 1995; Lovati et al., 2016). To overcome these limitations, tissue engineering widely investigated the generation of cell seeded scaffolds to promote regeneration and implant-tissue

Hepatic failure is a fatal disease that accounts for thousands of deaths annually, but currently the only long term solution for this problem is an orthotopic liver transplantation. The number of donors is decreasing whilst the number of people in need of transplantation is increasing and this therefore provides a very high demand for an alternative treatment. Regenerative medicine requires two main aspects; biologically compatible scaffolds to aid the regenerative process and suitable cells to replace the cells of the damaged tissue. Biologically compatible scaffolds can be defined as being adoptable by the host’s body system without causing harm and possessing the ability to be freely refined into target tissue shape. Scaffold

. Thus they must be treated in their acute phase to inhance reepithelialization, reduce inflammation and limit further degeneration of the epithelium and

In order to develop a scaffold system that significantly improves neural growth, a combination of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine techniques will be executed. First, a composite scaffold that integrates collagen and chitosan, in a 3D porous structure will be fabricated and characterized. Second, the necessary bio-factor composition to promote neural growth in a glial scarring environment will be determined. Third, and lastly, the scaffold’s ability to provide neuroprotection and to biodegrade will be assessed.

A hurdle to effective transplantation of organs and tissues developed in laboratory is the inability to build a viable network of blood vessels that incorporates the new tissue into the individual. Now, a new way of developing blood vessels that makes use of patient derived 3-D scaffolds - as opposed to artificial ones - could fulfill this need and provide a major boost to regenerative medicine.

Working with Lonnie Shea, Ph.D., professor of biomedical engineering at the University of Michigan, the team used a biodegradable scaffold, which had been developed for transplanting tissue into animals, to achieve successful transplantation of the mini lungs into mice.

Elastic tissues such as the skin must have a strong and resilient structural framework. This framework is called the extracellular matrix, or connective tissue. The orientation

Ttissue engineering has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years, offering the potential for regenerating almost every tissue and organ of the human body. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine remain a flourishing area of research with many new potential treatments for many disease and amputations. The advances involve researchers in a multitude of disciplines, including cell biology, biomaterials science, and Injectable Tissue Engineering of cell material interactions. Tissue

Development of scaffolds plays a vital role in bone tissue engineering in order to repair, regenerate tissues by mimicking of natural bone extracellular matrixes. Considering that bone is a composite of minerals and proteins, it is preferred to develop a composite that mimics natural bone. The ideal nanocomposite materials should have biocompatibility, suitable mechanical and antimicrobial properties, nontoxicity and surface functionality to favor cell proliferation.1,2

by protecting against the damage of cells caused by the free radical generated in the body.Free radicals caused

Barzegari, Abolfazl and Amir Ata Saei. "Tissue Engineering in Microgravity Bioreactors." BioImpacts 2.1 (2012): 23-32. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 24 October 2014.

I have done extensive work on characterizing the mechanical and chemical properties of photocrosslinked 3D scaffolds with different elastic moduli. Utilizing these 3D scaffolds with different elasticity, I am currently designing and conducting studies examining the role of the MSC membrane cholesterol and Cav-1 in cellular responses, such as morphology, filamentous actin organization, and neurogenic and osteogenic signaling.

An alternative larynx scaffold design to biological scaffolds may incorporate synthetic or biomimetic components. The main advantage of synthetic scaffolds is the ability for scalable

On the forefront of tissue scaffold fabrication is 3D printing. 3D printers have a multitude of advantages over traditional scaffold fabrication methods. High print precision allows fibers to be deposited into 3D structures with finely tunable dimensions, 3D printers also have the ability to incorporate multiple materials into the same structure through multiple extrusion heads. Jakus et al. used a 3D extrusion based printer to create a graphene and polylactide-co-glycolide scaffold and showed it could create a 3D graphene structure (3DG) with features as small as 100 um and as large as 10cm offering a large range of applications. They also showed that 3DG supports human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, viability, proliferation, and neurogenic differentiation with significant upregulation of glial and neuronal genes [9]. The ease in fabrication and the ability to precisely modify structure with 3D printers allows for opportunities in a wide range of tissue engineering applications.