The Importance Of Cultural Globalization

The Kiowa are a Native American people who have been greatly impacted by cultural imperialism. They were forced to adapt to western culture, and in this many of the Kiowa people were converted to Christianity. Christianity is said to be a very important aspect of many Native American cultures still today, but the way in which Christianity is portrayed and practiced in such societies, including that of the Kiowa, stays true to both the religion itself and their Native practices. The Kiowa are said to have "kiowanized" Christianity. The Kiowa version of Christianity is said to differ from "' the white man's way.'" This means that they believe in God, integrate their culture and lifestyles into Christianity, and they also relay the importance of their religion in a different manner. They use their native language in their hymns, and these hymns are comprised primarily of those elements that pertain directly to Kiowa culture. In the text Lassiter states, "Kiowa hymns 'give life to a unique Kiowa experience, preserve the language, and affirm and ongoing (and continually unfolding) Kiowa spirituality.'" This reveals the effectiveness and importance of the integration of Christianity and native Kiowa practices.

At this point of time, globalization has grown to be a phenomenon that is significantly important economically, politically, and culturally. The amalgamation and incorporation of the world economy around the globe has reshaped business. Not only this, it has created "new social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth, and, occasionally, wretched poverty" (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4) by restructuring the lives of the individuals. For some, globalization is associated to modernism and contemporary practices. Others understand it as American domination (particularly those living in Asia). On the other hand, some people believe it to be the emasculation of America (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4).

This will lead to the mass media homogeneity that will dissolve cultural differences. Cultural imperialism started right after decolonization when political or military control of another country could not be practiced. Psychological forms of control began to be used and were facilitated through the rapid integration of global telecommunications systems. They pushed American culture that promoted the ideas of consumption and instant gratification that would spread global capitalism and increase profits. The cultural imperialism argument has several strengths as well as weaknesses. It’s main strength is based on the idea that mass media from larger nations negatively affects the smaller nations because the national identity of smaller nations is lessened or lost due to media homogeneity inherent in mass media from the larger countries. Sometimes local interpreters keep some cultural diversification by transforming the imported media to meet local demand. The media is still influenced by the core but is also still unique and successful. Examples of this include the success of Korean pop music and Bollywood cinema in their respective “geolinguistic region.” The media imperialism theory fails to fully understand the internal historical and social dynamics within periphery countries. The West may have implanted the model of television consumerism, but the West is not required to sustain it and today many US programs lead the world in their transportability across cultural boundaries but are rarely the most popular when viewers have reasonable local options. (L&B p340-342)(Peripheral Vision) The social construction of reality theory attempts to explain how and why individuals view the world in a certain way and what role the media plays in shaping that view. It suggests that the media actually

A critique of this argument was made by John Tomlinson where he notes that discussions of cultural domination often locate the media as central to cultural imperialism (Tomlinson, 1991, p.29). It seems that when we reach a higher level of Globalization the enemy of the difference is the transnational system itself (Jameson, 1998, p.74). This all come to the fact that Hollywood films playing in European cinemas or in television makes a clear distinction between media products (films, television, radio, books...) and culture (repertoire of a national meaning). In this particular aspect Tomlinson notes that:

In the recent years, media, especially news outlets had been accused of being severely influenced by political party’s establishments due to their content. For example, in the United States, some had accused media companies of being biased towards a political party while they clearly support the other. It is a fact that this accusation, no matter how ridiculous they may sound, still holds some elements of truth in it. Since it is undeniable that the media industry is in one way or another affected by external factors, this essay will discuss the various ways of how movies and TV shows are affected by the political and economic factor. The essay focuses on movies and TV shows because they generally capture a larger scale of audience, causing

With the increase and spread of the mass media, the United States was the first to undertake researches and empirical studies on the effects of the media, and with time the pursuit became globalized. These effects were studied from different perspectives; some studies viewed the fact that the ownership of the media by only a few minorities is a problem in itself (kellner, 1). Many critics have also condemned the internationalization of the American film and television and its influence on the creation of hegemony over the world cultures lead and controlled by the American culture. The media effect was also studied in terms of culture creation, impact on morality, violence representation, and its effect on racial, ethnic and gender representations

The widespread image of American culture is seen to hold a strong base for globalisation. The extensive connectivity of the modern world, confirms Marshal McLuhans prediction of the global village. Globalisation is commonly seen as western culture imputing international cultures. Internet and television have also created transnational media whereas globalisation is commonly seen as a flow of information impending of western culture. Whereas, how will the younger generation will not be able to enjoy immerging products like Apple, Krispy Kreme and Hip-Hop. Hence, the strength globalisation has on the developing world. However, this develops a dispute between globalisation and its effect on international cultures. Early mass media impact on

Over the next decade, there will be an increased need for innovative Earth information systems to support the international space community's efforts to provide a robust infrastructure.

As we know, globalization on movies and films’ changes in the past twenty years had an effect on people’s daily life,

Supporters of globalization argue that it has the potential to make this world a better place to live in and solve some of the deep-seated problems like unemployment and poverty. But the opponents general complaint about globalization is that it has made the rich richer while making the non-rich poorer. “It is wonderful for managers, owners and investors, but hell on workers and nature.”

Globalisation has become a major research area in media studies, as it has brought about changes and new developments in media technologies that have effectively produced new forms of interconnected worlds (Faulconbridge and Beaverstock 2008, p. 333). Held and McGrew (2002) in

The world 's technology is currently improving at a very high rate, pushing media through another phase of transformation, into the world of internet and globalisation. However despite entering a new phase, the culture industry brought up by Adorno and Horkhermer still stand relevant if not intensifies. Culture industry function according to the idea of replacing use value with exchange value. It robs the freedom of creativity in production. This can clearly be seen as big corporations extend their market on a global scale. It is caused by the ever-so-convenient internet that brought connectivity to the world. This essay will discuss about the culture industry in the current mass media before touching on the socio-psychological impacts on the consumers.

The advanced high tech brings the dramatic change for the communications media, which can be first symbolized by the invention of the video tape recorder by the Ampex Company. Then the communications satellites have largely shortened the world distance. The Canadian scholar Marshall Mcluhan sees the vision of the “world village”. However, some scholars question about the concept of “globalization”, thinking the various influential factors such as politics, economy and culture will cause an ideal or theoretical case of the “globalization”. Owing to the complex factors of geographic, language, culture tradition and some realistic reasons, the regionalization is more likely to happen. @ The author of this paper holds that the tendency of the regionalization and globalization exist at the same time. Canada which relies on English to communicate, keeps a special relationship with the America and stays at the active economic position in western countries has achieved great success with the help of America and other nations in its “globalization-oriented” culture products, though it also faces various challenges to protect its specific culture features. Firstly, this paper is to introduce what the specific Canadian content rules are. Second, this paper attempts to analyze the reasons for implementing such rules in Canada. Third, through analyzing the Canadian content rules, this paper aims to further explore its utility and value for the television.

The media environment has undergone major changes, driven largely by the forces of technology, media convergence and globalisation. (Media Development Authority, 2014) As

Globalisation is the process of interconnectedness and the integration of national and regional culture, economies, and society through the global network of communication, immigration, transportation and trade (Financial Times Lexicon, 2017). According to Reiche (2014), globalisation did not mean much in the past fifty years. It could be primarily focused on the trade and also foreign direct investment which are the economic side of the world but it has been expanded to a broader range which including media, culture, technology, trades and political factors nowadays. Although globalisation is considered as a wide range nowadays, it still can be classified as four main characteristics which are stretched social relations, intensification of flows, increasing interpenetration, and global infrastructure (Held, 2004). However, cultural imperialism has the most typical impacts on globalisation. This essay will define and explain cultural imperialism and its impact from the pessimistic globalist and transformationalist perspective.