The Importance Of Medical Research Experiments

This article is about the fast growing technique of endurance running, which has evolved over the years significantly. Although it may seem like a bit trendy and popular, this particular type of running has its pros and cons. Due to the fact that endurance running includes a various amount of repetitive ground impact forces, it is not unlikely for one to develop a stress injury to the lower leg. In order to decrease the risk that comes along with endurance running, preventative measures should be enforced. When running some of the most common injuries that one may be at risk for are patellofemoral pain syndrome, tibial stress fractures, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendonitis. But in this article, a new study suggests that Barefoot running contains the potential to promote the healing process, increase performance, and decrease injury rates. Still to this day disagreement exists as to whether barefoot/minimalist running stimulates healing, increases performance and decreases injury rates.

Jong Ra et al.’s (2014) study measured the ceiling effects of the Lysholm score and the IKDC subjective score when utilized for evaluating functional outcomes post-ACL reconstruction and compared their concurrent validity by assessing the correlation of each score with a one-leg hop test. This was a retrospective study, consisting of 134 participants who underwent an ACL reconstruction between May 2007 and April 2011. The authors of this study set up the inclusion criteria as an ACL rupture with or without a meniscus tear and participation in the 6 and 12-month evaluation. The study sample consisted of 134 participants, including 111 males and 23 females with an average age of 27.2 years who underwent ACL reconstruction with a single-bundle hamstring autograft. A subgroup evaluation was done for subjects who were not athletically active but only participated in recreational sports and had a pre-injury Tegner score of 6 or less. The recreational sports subgroup consisted of 100 subjects with an average age of 28.6 years and an average Tegner score of 5.1.

Gediminas T, Aleksandras K, Lankaite D. Isometric eversion and inversion testing after acute ankle sprains. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2014;57. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.978.

The study will analyze the effect that prophylactic ankle braces cause to the joints of the knee and determining if it increases the stress placed on them. The primary function of a prophylactic ankle that is being used is to put a restriction on the inversion range of motion it usually has, since it is where most injuries occur in an ankle sprain. What people don’t know is that it also decreases your overall performance, total range of motion, and other kinematics as well. When a player is jumping and landing, the use of an ankle brace significantly reduces the amount of internal and external rotation you have in your ankle. So, when the rotation of the subtalar joint in the transverse plane is reduced, your leg and foot aren’t able to

Capasso et al (1989) made a comparison of adhesive and non-adhesive tape when applied to the ankle. The authors determined that non-adhesive tape must be exchanged every three days due to loss of compression, and also confirmed that adhesive tape could be left on for five days. In this study, the forces were measured by merging a sphygmomanometer with the ankle taping. However, such method did not reveal an exact measurement and thus it was criticized. The subjects were instructed to heel strike, foot weight bear and toe-off weight bear while the data was collected in between phases as they held the position. This mechanical function did not reflect a real time gait cycle and therefore it was an inaccurate representation to gait. Furthermore,

The younger students were brought in from local schools and competitive athletes came from different sports leagues and organizations from a variety of sports. If there were any signs of diagnosed musculoskeletal conditions or if they were on any types of medicines, they were excluded from the study. The participants only reported to the lab once during the study. pQCT was used to assess vBMC and Ar.muscle at various sites along the monodominant tibia. The only exception for usage of the dominate tibia was if there had been a fracture anytime during the 10 years leading up to the study. Each participant started in an upright position with feet hip wide apart. Once signaled, the participant began jumping repeatedly (15 jumps). Fm1LH was measured using the Leonardo Mechanograph and each m1LH was separated by 1 min of rest. Any jumps that included heel contact were excluded and that was visually controlled during the

According to Hébert-Losier et al. (2009) there are no consistent evaluation purpose, test parameters, outcome measurements, normative values, or reliability and validity are currently documented for the calf-raise tests. However, the calf-raise test still commonly used on the sports & exercise medicine settings and involves concentric-eccentric actions of the plantar-flexors in unipedal stance, with the total number of calf-raises completed documented as the primary outcome measure (Hébert-Losier, Schneiders, et al., 2009).

For the three-direction SEBT, requirements include a level floor, some adhesive athletic tape positioned at one hundred and twenty degree angles to each other in the ANT, PM and PL directions, a measuring tape, a pencil and eraser (Gribble et al., 2013; Coughlin et al., 2012). Footwear will not be completely standardized for this study, as participants will be asked to wear whatever footwear they normally use during physical exercise as the majority of ankle injuries will occur during physical activity, during which athletic shoes are most often worn. Average peroneus longus activity, an ankle evertor responsible for maintaining ankle stability (Neptune et al., 1999), does not differ between a standard shoe and when a custom

A difference between left and right leg is observed in many individuals as defined one as dominant leg and another as non-dominant leg. Leg dominance is usually defined from a limb preference to perform a motor task depending on a nature of the specific tasks (manipulation or stabilization) such as kicking, highest jumping, stepping-up, or unipedal standing (Mcgrath et al 2016). A preferred kicking leg is famously used to classify leg dominance in various lower limb asymmetrical studies. In strength and performance studies, the literatures showed no significant differences between dominant and non-dominant leg in active adult population (Brown et al 2004, Daneshjoo et al 2012, Delextrat et al 2013, de Ruiter et al 2010). In addition to a postural control study showed no differences in sway area and sway path length between dominant and non-dominant leg during unipedal standing (Hoffman et al 1998). Although most studies showed no leg dominance effects

An additional Ottawa Ankle Rule (OAR) has been developed for ankle and foot trauma. The PDR is simple with the mechanism of injury including blunt trauma or a fall, with two criteria 1) age under 12 or over 50 and/or 2) inability to walk four weight bearing steps in the emergency department (ED) (McKinnis, 2014). Conversely, the OKR bases ordering radiographs on five criteria, 1) age greater than 55, 2) Tenderness at fibular head, 3) isolated tenderness of patella, 4) inability to flex knee to 90o, and 5) inability to walk four weight bearing steps immediately after injury and in the ED (McKinnis, 2014). Despite the specific criteria, two differentiate the PDR from the OKR. The OKR only applies to patients older than 18, however the PDR applies to people of all ages (Cheung, et al., (2013). Additionally, the OKR contains in the assessment the ability to walk four steps including any weight transfer during walking, while the PDR assessment limits it to walking four full weight bearing steps (Cheung, et al.,

(male) and M.B. (female). The first of the various procedures was the handheld BMI body fat calculator which the subjects could administer themselves. The subjects held the device firmly in both hands, entered their corresponding weight, height, gender, and age. After confirming the accuracy of the information their BMI and body fat percentage was determined, however, those calculations may be flawed because they were determined before weight and height were taken. Height and weight were measured immediately after. To determine height, each subject was required to remove their shoes and hats and stand fully erect on the stadiometer. Weight was determined in a similar process, were the subjects removed their shoes and stood on an electric scale which was provided. Height and weight measurements were taken only once and administered by the

When I completed the medical school, I was fascinated by the medical research. This fascination led me to select the specialty of immunology. This specialty offered the opportunity of preparing me in medical research without dissociating myself from patient care. In the years as a resident I got important tools such as: the statistical processing of the information collected, and the ability to interpret in an efficient manner the results of research studies. On the other hand, it allowed me increase my knowledge which gave me a greater understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms of many diseases. On having concluded the immunology residence, I began to work on the Institute of Hematology and Immunology, where I could combine the medical research, teaching and patient care for four years.

Foot injuries are very common in athletics as well as in everyday life. It’s very debilitating to have a foot injury since we use our feet in all of our daily activities. Research published in "Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise” indicates that the average adult takes between 5,000 to 7,000 steps a day. Some sports require the most dedicated athletes spend multiple hours a day pounding their feet on the turf or pavement. Most injuries that occur in the foot require a person to try and stay off of it or completely immobilize it. Since this is very difficult for a person to do, a large percentage of foot injuries often have a very high chance of reoccurring. The severity of some injuries that can be deceiving as well. Often times a nagging pain is ignored and eventually becomes a much bigger problem.

Interviewer: (11:10) That’s a good idea, having a conference, because I know some people I’ve spoken to say, “Look. We don’t really have time for things like this,” but they do go to conferences. So that’s a good suggestion. In terms of other types of professional activities, do you undertake trials with companies? I know you’re a scientific expert.

And there are five level are estimated from the result, they are underweight, healthy range, overweight, obese and severely obese. If your BMI result are under 18.5 unit, that means underweight; if your result are within 18.5 to 25 unit, that means you are healthy; within 25 to 30 unit, that means you are overweight; within 30-40 unit, that means you are obese; over 40 unit, that means you are severely obese. (Mary. L. G. ¶14).