The Importance Of Self Report Measures And Behavioral Tasks Essay

This essay will compare and contrast two theories of behaviour management by Carl Rogers and BF Skinner and argue ways in which one of these theories could be implemented for a particular context and practice. Roger’s theory is based on a humanistic approach, while Skinner’s theory takes a behaviourist approach; each theory has both benefits and shortcomings. Their views form opposite ends of the learning spectrum. These theories will be examined as their respective works address the underlying issue of how children learn to behave.

Applied behavioral analysis (ABA) is the leading scientific method that helps patients with Autism to overcome their condition. In order to improve their condition, ABA specialists focus on a system of reward, which encourages positive actions like speech, social activity and life skill improvements. This works mostly with children as they are more likely to absorb and accept new challenges; this is commonly referred to as "positive reinforcement" in the literature and has become one of the leading directions for treatment. ABA therapy was devised and implemented by Dr. O. Ivar Lovaas at UCLA in 1987. Since then, ABA therapy has become a leading branch of psychology - behaviorism.

From neurobiological point of view, Impulsive aggression is seen as a consequence of a failure in the regulation of negative emotions, such as anger, for example. This thinking of Disinhibition and hostility was found and documented by Grafman et al. (1996) in TBI patients with frontal lobe damage involving subcortical limbic structures. According to Davidson et al (2000), threatening environmental stimuli are transmitted to the amygdala, which makes projections to the basal ganglia, where they are integrated with information of the social context that comes from the orbitofrontal cortex. Appropriate behavioral responses can, therefore, be initiated through projections toward other cortical regions, hypothalamus or brain stem. Consequently, the orbitofrontal cortex and adjacent areas such as the dorsolateral prefrontal

The flaw of impulsivity is one that can hinder someone if they are unlucky enough to have this weakness. Whenever I make an impulsive decision, it almost always causes a new problem, or something negative happens. The flaw of impulsivity is generally not the kind of trait a person would want to have. (hook) Protagonists of the short stories “The Sniper”, “A Sound of Thunder”, and “Harrison Bergeron” all show share a form of weakness that affects the their decisions and the trajectory of their lives. (transition) The main characters from these three stories share the same weakness or flaw; their impulsivity. (thesis)

Dr. Marisa Silveri suggests that teens act impulsively “to gain new experiences that will ultimately lead to their independence”. The representation of youth being impulsive can be related to many different aspects of life. Portraying teens as impulsive may be correct but is also an unfair judgment considering they are being constantly exposed to varying models of life and are being pressured by the media, peers, social media, and

Impulsiveness is shown by patients through sometimes reckless acts such as substance abuse, self-harm, or reckless driving. This impulsivity is used as a coping mechanism to deal with the emotional pain patients feel.

Then there are the difficulties in applying cognitive and volitional tests such as irresistible impulse tests (Smith, 2012). The problem here is how one determines if the person

Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct that refers to ‘a predisposition toward rapid, unplanned reactions, with diminished regard to the negative consequences’ (Moeller et al.,2001; Brewer & Potenza,2008). Aspects of impulsivity are suggested to be governed by the executive function of behavioural inhibition, that regulates self-control (Miyake & Friedman,2012). This encompasses a continuum from high self-control to impulsivity.

However, Loree et al.,(2015) mentions that impulsivity also negatively influences treatment of substance use disorders. That is to say, the lack of impulsivity regulation not only is a risk factor for substance use disorder, it is also an aspect that inhibits the treatment of an individual with a substance use disorder. Abu-Shakra and Cox (2014), aim to do is say that disinhibited behaviours such as impulsivity not only influences substance abuse but, also disruptive behaviour disorders. The aim of their paper is to suggest that externalized behaviours, also known as disinhibited behaviour traits, influence the progression of disruptive behaviour disorder and substance use

Impulsive decision making often results in unintended or undesired consequences. An impulsive or spur of the moment decision is made without planning or thought as to what may happen in the future. While not all decisions made in the moment are regrettable or ill advised, ultimately the person making the decision must deal with the consequences, which may have long-term ramifications; therefore, considering all possibilities before making important choices is highly advisable to reduce the chance of negatively impacting his/her future. There are numerous examples of impulsive decision-making in literary works. Romeo is an impulsive character.

The point of this article is establish ties between drug-addiction and deficiencies in the brain that regulate impulse control. The article shows that through the testing of drug-addicts brains and comparing their brain functions to those of their non-addicted siblings revealed that the deficiencies present in the drug-addicts also existed in the non-addict siblings, suggesting that drug addiction is hereditary. The article goes on to say that if that is true, it serves as a basis for the prevention of drug addiction since the non-addict siblings were able to exert some level of control over their impulses and not become addicted to drugs.

Every single day is a struggle for an autistic child and his or her family. Autism affects all aspects of a child’s life from their ability to show affection to their family to being able to do simple tasks such as communicating and thinking in ways that we take for granted. Autism is defined as a developmental disability in which children experience abnormalities in social functioning, language, often act in puzzling ways, and usually appears before the age of three (Mash &Wolfe, 2010). Although the exact causes of autism are unknown there does seem to be a strong genetic component. Having a child or family member with autism is a constant battle of emotion and frustration. Everyone wants to help the people they love when they have

I also agree that management has to be able to change and grow and continue to listen to any upward communication from the staff. In order to accomplish better communication, management should provide an ‘open-door’ policy and also informal meetings where employees can either feel free to go to their supervisors first with any questions or concerns and also raise issues with resources or basically anything that interferes with their job performance (Newstrom, 2014, p. 70).

Behavior Psychology Psychology is defined as a science that focuses on the study of and to

Another form of social influence is obedience. Obedience occurs when an individual acts in response to an order by a person in authority whether that order goes against what they know to be right or not. This can be done to gain acceptance or to avoid punishment. Obedience accounts for a large amount of the medication errors that happen in hospitals each day. An example of this is a nurse following a doctor’s order even when the doctor’s orders go against her professional obligations. This was demonstrated in an experiment conducted by C. Hofling. In Hofling’s experiment 22 nurses who worked at a hospital were contacted by a staff doctor that they did not know. They were told to give twice the highest dose of a drug to his patient. If the nurses did what they were told they would be going against three different rules. First, they were not to accept doctor’s orders over the phone. Second, the dose called for by the doctor was double the maximum for that drug. Third, the medication was not on their authorized list of medications. Of the 22 nurses 21