The Importance of Mendel’s Laws in Modern Genetics Essay

Development in personalized medicine could greatly influence the current standards of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. The Human Genome Project guaranteed a revolution in the individualized treatment concept. Just as a person’s characteristics are unique to their genomic information, the origin to a disease could be correlated with the genomic sequences unique to that person. An advantage of such a therapeutic approach is diagnosing the possible susceptibility to a disease and preventing this outcome by providing drug therapies much before its outbreak.

Scientist is studying the human genome to determine its sequence. Understanding the genomic sequence can prevent any form of disease, however, each person does not contain the same genomes which means it is hard to understand each genomes sequences. The advantage of understanding the genomics, is to understand how human genomic mutations can lead to life-threating conditions such as cancer and prevent them from happening again. The disadvantage for researching genomics cost a lot of money, the research nearly cost thirteen-billion

The basis of genetics were established by Gregor Mendel, an Augustinian monk in the mid to late 1800’s. Through the observations from cross-pollinating pea plants, Mendel was able to discover the basic laws of inheritance. Mendel’s experiment was to cross pollinate pea plants and observe how traits were passed on. He started his experiment with two true breeding pods,

Mendel's Laws explain most of the physical variations observed in living things. Genes, the genetic units of heredity, are merely reshuffled from one generation to another, but new genes are never formed. Different combinations create variations, but these variations are limited. Each cow, person, dog, etc. has variations, but the genetic units do not permit dog-people, or cow-dogs. Breeding experiments by competent biologists confirm that these boundaries exist.(Fix,1984). Since mutations are the only mechanism (according to Darwin) by which new genetic material becomes available, then mutations must have occurred regularly to have spawned all our present life forms, and further, mutation must consistently go from simple to complex to have gotten us out of the primordial ooze. However, many noted biologists, including C.P. Martin and Theodosius Dobzhansky (who mutated the fruit fly), consistently report that mutation does produce hereditary changes, but "invariably affect it (the organism) adversely."(Salisbury, 1969). All animals are born with complex organs (the human brain has over a hundred thousand billion electrical connections), and further, all animals are born with fully developed organs. If evolution were occurring, at some point people

Gregor Mendel theorized that certain combinations of alleles in a genotype would result in a specific ratio of phenotypes expressed in each generation. For example, in the case of the dominant heterozygous anthocyanin genotype, the P1 with (ANL/anl) crossed with the P2 (ANL/anl) would result in a 1:2:1 ratio for genotypes (ANL/ANL), (ANL/anl) and (anl/anl). However,

Gregor Johann Mendel was an abbot at the St. Thomas’ Abbey in Brno, in the modern day Czech Republic. He is credited as being the father of genetics because of his work crossbreeding pea plants in order to favor certain traits such as height, color, and pod shape. He worked in the late 1850’s to the early 1860’s. Even though farmers had been doing this similar practice for centuries, his experiments established many of the heredity rules we now refer to as Mendelian inheritance. Around this time another theory of genes was coming out from a man by the name of Sir Francis Galton. Galton is credited as the “Father of Eugenics” and is also known for the popular phrase “Nature vs Nurture”. Galton studied the upper class in Great Britain and believed came to the conclusion of their “superior genetic makeup” was

According to Josiah Macy This law explains a person can only have a recessive dominant trait. A person can have both a dominate and a recessive trait which would make them a carrier. For example if a child’s parents both have brown eyes and the child comes out with blue eyes both parents must be carriers for the recessive blue eye trait. This helps because if another Scientist wants to do an experiment on something similar he will have Mendel’s laws to look back on and he will be able to base is experiment off of Mendel’s if he wanted.

The Human Genome Project, also known as HGP has helped our society crack the code in the small differences between human DNA that make up our health and can already pinpoint future illnesses. HPG was an international joint research preparation with the goal of mapping and trying to understand all the human genes sequences through generations. Researchers have been able to decode our genomes and understand them in three different ways. First off they have been able to see that our genome’s DNA has a certain order, and that order helps make up who we are; Secondly they are able to map where certain genes are and where they are located on the chromosomes. And third, being able to produce “linkage maps” that can help track inherited traits

First, human medical advances are discovered each day. One way of achieving these goals are comprehending the human DNA and how it functions. Another scientific approach is to uncover the potential key to the genetic break down that causes biological aspects to human diseases. The encoding of this information could give insights of the causes and may allow advance medical treatment to intervene earlier in the disease pathways and possibly find a cure. These advances may be the significant aspects to regulating

Beginning in 1856 with Mendel's work on heredity, it tells the story of man’s struggle to decipher the human genome, understand it, and use it for both good and evil. The Gene: An Intimate History also tells the personal story of the Mukherjee family and their

Today we live in a very technologically advanced society. Scientists are continually discovering new things about the world and the way things work. "In the 1980ís, it was becoming increasingly apparent to many scientists that an understanding of basic biology would be greatly enhanced if the detailed structure of DNA was understood" (Mehlman, 1998). Thus began what has become know as The Human Genome Project which is "the mapping of all our

Scientist have been observing the deeper genetic diversity through the Human Genome Project. The Human Genome Project has helped gain a deep understanding of the molecular cells of an individual, the muscles that let us smile, the brain cells, the cells of our eyes, contain a set of all our genes, the genome. It Is composed of genes, codes, the DNA, mRNA, tRNA, proteins, etc. They form structures that distinguish every individual and by studying the human molecular self has helped scientist the complexity of

Gregor Johann Mendel was a monk, teacher, and biologist. Gregor Mendel is known today as the “Father of Modern Genetics.’’ Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery’s garden. Gregor Mendel died on January 6, 1884, at the age of 61. While he was born on July 20, 1822 in Hynčice Czech Republic. Gregor Mendel’s observations became the foundation of modern genetics and the study of heredity.

Introduction: In 1866 an Austrian monk, Gregor Mendel, presented the results of painstaking experiments on the inheritance patterns of garden peas. Those results were heard, but probably not understood, by Mendel’s audience. Now, more than a century later, Mendel’s work seems elementary to modern–day geneticists, but its importance cannot be overstated. The principles generated by Mendel’s pioneering experimentation are the foundation for genetic counseling so important today to families with health disorders having a genetic basis. It’s also the framework for the modern research that is making inroads in treating diseases previously believed to be incurable. In this era of genetic engineering the

Heredity – the transmission of traits from one generation to another, from parents to offspring; the protoplasmic continuity between parents and offspring