The Important of Teachers' Guidance in Education

Before I go into the details of my observations I am going to explain Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial development. These include, stage one: Trust versus mistrust, Stage two: Autonomy versus doubt, Stage three: Initiative versus guilt, Stage four: Industry versus inferiority, Stage five: Identity versus role confusion, Stage six: Intimacy versus isolation, Stage seven: Generativity versus stagnation, and finally Stage eight: Integrity versus despair. Stage one takes place from when a child is born until the age of one. In stage one “the infant is uncertain about the world in which they live”. (Saul

All children and young people develop at different rates, but the order which they advance in differs very little. Children’s development tends to progress from head to toe, inner to outer, from simple to complex and from general to specific.

The second stage is Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. This is when the child is developing its physical characteristics and begins moving around more. This stage occurs between the ages of 18 months and three years old. During this stage, the child will start to assert their independence by picking out what clothes they are going to wear or what they are going to eat, etc. As they begin to do things on their own they discover that they have skills, such as tying their shoes or putting their toys together, etc. According to Erikson, it is critical that the parents at this time allow their child to explore the world and figure out their limits with encouragement and support them when they inevitably fail. During this crucial time, the parent must not intervene too much in their child’s life and allow the child to make their own decisions

The first stage is trust vs. mistrust, this occurs in the first year of life. Infants develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide them with their basic needs, but a lack of this will lead to mistrust. If this stage is successful, the infant gains the virtue of hope. When a baby cries and its mom doesn’t come immediately, it knows the mom will come eventually. If the baby doesn’t develop hope, it instead develops fear, a fear that their mom will never come when they need them. The second stage is autonomy vs. shame and doubt in 1 to 3 year olds. In order for the toddler to reach autonomy, they have to be allowed to investigate and do things for themselves. They will gain confidence and self-control and learn to handle their mistakes. Too much independence is dangerous though since they’re fragile and could get hurt, but smothering and limiting them too much will make them doubt themselves and feel that they are unable to do things. If they feel inadequate, they may become very dependent and lack self-esteem. Balance is key in this and many of the other stages for proper growth. If this stage is successful the child will develop the virtue of will. The third stage is initiative vs. guilt, this

Depending on which characteristic is learned from each stage, behavior will be different. If a young child fails to perform to his or her parents standards during the autonomy developmental stage, the child may continue to perform poorly. This trait can show through all the time or only in situations where the child feels pressure to perform (Feist & Feist, 2009). If an adolescent fails to establish his or her identity, he or she may miss out of discovering other aspects of life. Based on Erikson’s stages of development, traits arise from experiences. The experiences cause different behaviors based on the situation and personality (Feist & Feist, 2009).

The sequence of development of a child and young person is divided into five different aspects. They include: Physical, social, communication, intellectual and cognitive, emotional and behavioural and moral development.

The sequence of childrenâ€TMs development for each age from birth to 19 is divided into five aspects which are physical, language, social and emotional, and intellect. Childrenâ€TMs development is continuous and different ways, the sequence in which they develop will about the same as they

Teachers strive to create a warm environment for the kids and will work with children individually to help them learn at their own pace. There are also many ways parents can customize their children's education around their student's learning style so that they can be more successful throughout their studies.

Erikson’s eight stages of development are trust vs. mistrust, Industry vs. Inferiority and Identity vs. Role Confusion. Stage one is Trust vs. mistrust – birth to age 1- At this stage the infant learns to trust the caregiver to provide for their basic needs or develops mistrust. Stage two is Autonomy vs. shame and doubt– 1-3yrs- At this stage toddlers begin to express their independence by talking, walking, dressing, feeding, and toileting

Different researchers have different opinion about how children develop through various stages of development. Some of them are of the opinion that children’s development are continuous and rapid while others are of the opinion that there are different stages of development and that each stage is stable just for a period of time.

The second stage of Erikson’s eight stages of development is called Autonomy vs shame and doubt. This is the time where children to start to do things on their own, for example,

Erik Erickson developed the eight stages to the psychosocial development. The eight stages in Erikson's theory were; Trust vs. mistrust (Infant), Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt (Toddler), Initiative vs. Guilt (Pre-School), industry vs. inferiority (School Age), identity vs. role confusion (Adolescent), intimacy vs. isolation (Young Adulthood), generativity vs. stagnation (Adulthood), and integrity vs. despair (Mature Adulthood) (Wong et al., 2015, p. 27). With each stage there is progression to matures development.

In this stage the child not only gets his/her moral basis from the adults or the older guardians but in this stage they learn that there is not only one point of view and each individual has his or her own point of views

The second stage, Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, occurs between ages two and three. During this period, it is important that the parents create a supportive atmosphere in which the child can develop a sense of self-control without a loss of self-esteem. Shame and doubt

Human Development is a product of conditioning, learning and reinforcement. When we think of human development, it 's easy to think of it as a process that is largely complete once we hit early adulthood. It is important to realize, however, that development is an ongoing process that continues all throughout life. As you enter adulthood, navigate middle age and face the on-set of old age, having a greater understanding of how people continue to grow and change as they get older can help you appreciate and manage all the stages of your life. I will understand that I grow and change as I grow older and can help me appreciate and manage all my stages in life. And I will gain a better appreciation of development throughout life. They can help us find sources of behavior and trends, and account for the path that individuals follow, whether these can be called paths of growth or lack of progress. All theories have something valuable to help in our understanding of human development.