Abstract
The increasing number of English language learners has triggered great attention on how to teach academic content and literacy to English language learners in elementary and middle school classrooms. This article takes four instructions into account aiming at school practitioners involving vocabulary, writing, reading and collaborative conversation. Also, the paper addresses the importance of using responsive literacy instructions for English language learners with learning disabilities. Additionally, three key principles of learning are integrated into those instructions in order to help English language learners not only accomplish academic literacy and language proficiency but also become life-long learners.
Introduction
In the
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Evidence from the research from Anthony’s research (2008) manifests that there is a strong evidence both the quality and the amount of language input children experience influences native language acquisition as well as second-language acquisition. At the same time, Anthony also indicates that children who received less input had lower language skills than children who received more input. Accordingly, input has been regarded as a crucial and direct factor in learning, especially for English language learners. The meaning of input in second language acquisition implies what students receive from teachers and parents and how teachers and parents help English language learners. Nonetheless, continuously taking over input from outside doesn’t mean the transition into own knowledge. Learning English as a second language entails the
Jiawen 3 practice and the demonstration of the outcomes of learning, which is an indispensable way for teachers to examine and assess students’ learning process. Moreover, Anthony’s study of output as product and process points that in spite of a great amount of input from outside, the gap of language proficiency between native speakers and second language learners still exists. In other words, there is no way to completely master a second language only by means of input, and at the same time, admittedly, output exerts an irreplaceable
The author suggests screening native language and English language and literacy development from early education through the transition process, and then in English when students are prepared to leave and are no longer getting reading instruction in the native language. The author states that a team method to problem solving that considers many of these issues may ease the progress of a proper instructional plan. Plans and instructional routines such as repetitive language, rapid pacing, modeling, time to practice, and discuss school employees do not delay literacy instruction until student’s English oral skills are well-developed, but instead support Students benefit when school employees are focused on meeting student’s educational needs rather than on finding an outside source to explain the educational needs. Instructors, including the ones in special education, are worried that they do not have the knowledge and skills to properly teach English language learners. The author states how these teachers are scared that their lack of knowledge of the student 's native language makes them unable of providing valuable education. That 's why, it is important that teachers are provided with the resources required to support them in this process.
Literacy Collaborative is high quality program oriented around rigorous instruction and purposeful teacher-student interactions. It is a framework based on authentic, global, and holistic language acquisition, which include both reading and writing workshops. Within this framework teachers differentiate instruction through flexible grouping such as whole-class, small group and/or individualized instruction. Additionally, teachers create opportunities for students to engage in targeted activites throught the utilization of interactive and shared reading experiences as well as tailored vocabulary and phonologica awareness lessons designed to met individual needs. The Literacy Collaborative framework strives to ehance student learning through engagement, purpose, systematic routines, data based instruction, and targeted interventions. Students are encourage to beome an active participant in their learning experience through student choice, open-ended question, and targeted
“What it takes for English Learners to Succeed?” is an article written by Jana Echevarria, Nancy Frey, and Doug Fisher that illustrate concepts that will allow English Learners to become fluent in English. The purpose of this article is to discuss four accessible teaching practices that will allow English Learners in U.S. classroom to become academically successful and attain fluency in English. To clarify, the authors use access, climate, expectations, and language instruction as the practices that will eliminate education inequality and enable students to be able to fully participate in rigorous course work without excluding English Learners. Ultimately this provides an approachable school reform, creates additive integration of multicultural perspective and approach and lastly brings a way for language diversity to be seen in the classroom.
The benefits English language learners (ELLs) receive from Guided Reading are the same as all other students. However, when a modified approach is used ELLs benefit the most. Language learning opportunities gained by ELLs are those that native speakers acquire implicitly. Language and literacy learning opportunities including detailed vocabulary instruction, variables concerning second language (L2) text structure, such as semantics, syntax, and morphology are enhanced and enriched by modification. Some researchers have determined that ELLs are not generally ready for English reading instruction until they are intermediate stage of English language acquisition, while others advocate that reading and a second language are best acquired simultaneously (Avalos, Plasencia, Chavez, & Rascon, 2007, 319). In working with ELLs at
Creating and implementing effective lessons for a literacy learner who is struggling with reading and writing takes much effort and appropriate resources. Throughout the Literacy Development course, I have gained much insight and resources that have become valuable tools in addressing students’ literacy needs. Each week, I conducted lessons and activities that targeted the needs of many students, but my initial focus on was on one particular student. His individual reading level, spelling development, and writing abilities were analyzed and the recorded data was used
The all too familiar situation of English language learners (ELLs) struggling in a classroom that is not meeting their needs is the theme of this short film. ELL’s present unique challenges for teachers given how the California educational system calls for only one year of English language development (EDL). After this time, English language development goals rest on the shoulders of the general education teacher with the additional requirement of infusing SADIE strategies into their daily lessons.
It will also serve to provide the beginning stage of a more comprehensive action research study to allow me to meet her needs as best I can, which I will discuss in the conclusion. METHODOLOGY The objective of this case study is to describe, in terms of second language acquisition theory, this student’s language proficiency, especially through the lens of whether she will achieve the expected ‘C grade’ required of her for passing and matriculation. The key research question for this case study is, “What are the specific language-based and affective patterns that identify this child, and can they be described in an inter-related fashion?” My hypothesis is that such “thick description” (Geertz 1994) can be reached through two different but complementary aspects of second language acquisition theory by integrating the discussion along these lines: • Learner language analysis. Features and patterns are identified through a close analysis of Katie’s output: written and oral. This is matched to SLA theory, and ‘gaps’ between the target and achieved language will be identified. • Affective factors as revealed from choices in responding to prompts and the content of discussion from three interviews held with Katie.
Students who are English Language Learners are taught in whole group with their general education teacher and in a small group with their ELL paraprofessional. About 5 % of students who are ELL are on or above grade level in Reading based on the i-Ready Diagnostic Assessment 3. This is why the district believes these students and others should have extra practice or progress monitored on their mastery of vocabulary skills in school. Helping students master the skill of vocabulary teachers need to be able to have time to demonstrate an effort to systematically teach word study. They also need to be able to use vocabulary techniques and practices that will be intense and meaningful to the students in third grade. Last but not least, they need to be able to share effective vocabulary techniques in their PLC’s that have worked for them in their
Each year, schools across the nation are seeing an increase in the amount of English language learners they are receiving. Teachers of all grade levels are finding it harder and harder to teach these ELLs because of lack of or little to no proper training. So the article, Setting the Foundation for Working with English Language Learners in the Secondary Classroom aims to show you the ideas and strategies that current and future teachers can incorporate into their daily class lessons to make them more effective in meeting the academic needs of ELLs and in helping them learn the target language.
With nearly 30 million immigrants crossing our borders in the last three decades, the United States education system has seen a dramatic increase in the number of English Language Learners (ELLs) entering the classroom (Migration Policy Institute website, n.d.). With this influx of non-native English speakers has come the need to find the best ways possible to meet them where they are academically and teach them accordingly. However, after years of research, education gurus are still divided on how to best meet the needs of ELLs. While there is no clear-cut approach, there are several strategies and programs that schools can implement in order to help immigrant learners and their families be successful in our school system.
Students with disabilities are at a higher at-risk for dropping out of high school at a greater rate than typically developing peers (Pyle & Wexler, 2012). Students with identified disabilities are required to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) according to law, and these students have unique needs that general education curriculum cannot meet on its own. However, there is abundant research that discusses various literacy interventions and strategies that can be effective. These interventions can be used in a school setting by any certified teacher (regular education or special education). This literature review will discuss some of the various reading and writing strategies as well as best practices for literacy in order to ensure students with disabilities are given the best chance for success. By providing timely interventions, monitoring progress, and analyzing data, it can be possible to increase achievement for those students with identified disabilities.
English Language Learners (hereafter referred to as ELLs) currently comprise 10% of the total school population in the United States (National Center for Education Statistics, 2005). It is a population that is going to continue to increase in American public education and their specific needs for learning literacy are of great importance to teachers. Since schools and teachers are increasingly judged based upon the academic achievement of students, then the success of the growing population of ELLs is going to be increasingly important. In the present paper the role of the teacher and specific research-based literacy strategies for ELLs is investigated.
Homes all across Australia speak more than one language. This includes the large amount of Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander languages and dialects present across the country. The growing diversity of Australia is reflected in the amount of students who are classified as EAL/D learners. EAL/D learners are students whose first language is either a dialect or language other than English.
Literacy is the cornerstone to all learning; it is imperative to future academic success. (Tracey and Morrow, 2012). Due to the significance of literacy instruction, there are a myriad of ways to teach literacy. Literacy is a complex subject, honing in on balancing reading, writing, speaking, and listening. As a result of the complexity of literacy instruction, we arrive at the age-old debate of what is the best literacy instruction. My philosophy of literacy instruction centralizes around the Whole Language Theory and Balanced Literacy; however, I also blend in additional theories/approaches to teach effective literacy.
The precise role that can be played by the learner’s first language (L1) in the process of acquiring a second language has not been explicitly agreed upon. However, the issue of whether to utilise the L1 in the classroom has remained at the forefront in the English language teaching arena. Mattioli (2004, P.21) highlights that ‘most teachers tend to have opinions about native language use, this can depend largely on their training and in